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Week 8 > Anatomy- wrist > Flashcards

Anatomy- wrist Flashcards

1
Q

ID these bones

A
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2
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ID these bones

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3
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ID these bones

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4
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5
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ID these bones

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6
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ID these bones

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7
Q

ID this structure

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8
Q

ID this radiograph

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9
Q

ID this radiograph

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10
Q

what is the significance of human HAR2 (HACNS1)

A

enhancer that may play a role human bipedalism and tool making. expressed in human hands and feet but not primates

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11
Q

what are the 3 classic injuries to the radius and the ulna

A
  • Monteggia fracture is a fracture of the proximal ulna and an anterior dislocation of the head of the radius at the elbow
  • Galeazzifracture is a fracture of distal radius associated with subluxation (partial dislocation) of the head of the ulna (distal ulna) at the wrist joint
  • Colles’ fracture is a fracture, and posterior displacement, of the distal end of the radius
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12
Q

ID this fracture

A

galeazzi fracture

fracture of distal radius associated with subluxation (partial dislocation) of the head of the ulna (distal ulna) at the wrist joint

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13
Q

ID this fracture

A

Monteggia fracture

is a fracture of the proximal ulna and an anterior dislocation of the head of the radius at the elbow

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14
Q

ID this fracture

A

colles fracture

posterior displacement, of the distal end of the radius

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15
Q

protocol for imaging a wrist injury

A

image in multiple positions, AP, PA and orthogenal (oblique and lateral, which is 90 degrees)

CTs may also be used to visualize complex fractures, especially around joints

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16
Q

ID this structure

A
17
Q

What are the bones of the hand

how many?

A

there are 27 bones in the hand

8 carpel

5 metacarpel

14 phalanges (proximal, distal and medial for the 4 fingers and proximal and distal for the thumb)

18
Q

What are the carpal bones

A

proximal

(PTLS, place top lover straight)

Pisiform

Triquetrum

Lunate

Scaphoid

distal

(HCTT, handle caringly tom tingle)

Hamate

Capitate

Trapezoid

Trapezium

19
Q

ID these carpal bones

A

proximal

Pisiform

Triquetrum

Lunate

Scaphoid

distal

Hamate

Capitate

Trapezoid

Trapezium

20
Q

which bone is the most commonly fractured and often involes avascular necrosis

how long does it show up on imaging

what is the Tx

A

scaphoid

10-14 days to show up on imaging

•Often need to re-image

thumb spica cast

21
Q

which bone is commonly fractured when striking a hard surface with a stick (or golf club) or catching baseballs

A

hamate

22
Q

What are the joints of the hand

A

distal and proximal interphalangeal

metacarpophalangeal (MCP) (knuckles)

Carpometacarpaljoints (CMC)

carpal (intercarpal and midcarpal and radiaocarpal)

  • intercarpal are joints between adjacent carpal bones in a single row (radial and ullnar flexion abduction and adduction i think)
  • midcarpal are joints between the proximal and distal rows (flexion of the hand)
23
Q

distinguish metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and carpometacarpal joints (CMC)

A

Carpometacarpal joints(CMC)

plane type synovial joints, except for the carpometacarpal joint of thumb which is a saddle type

allow: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and opposition

•Not all CMC joints permit all of these movements. Some are restricted due to the shape of the articulating carpal bone.

A metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP or MP) or “knuckle” is found where the head of a metacarpal articulates with the base of a proximal phalanx.

•Collateral ligaments tighten during flexion. Abduction, and adduction are only possible in the extended position.(Try it!)

•The metacarpophalangeal joints are biaxial condylar joints (ellipsoid joints) that allow abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and circumduction

24
Q

what phenomenon underlies the ability to adduct further than the ability to abduct the wrist

A

radial styloid process extends further distally than does the ulnar styloid process,

25
Q

what bones does radiocarpal joint articaulate with and what movement does it allow

A

lunate, scaphoid, triquetrum they are oval shaped which insert into the concave joint cavity

permits flexion/extension and adduction/abduction

26
Q

what do each of the metacarpals articulate with and what are the CMC joints involved

A
  • Metacarpal I articulates with the trapezium (CMC 1)
  • MC II articulates with the trapezoid (CMC 2)
  • MCIII with the capitate (CMC 3)
  • MC IV and V with the hamate (CMC 4 and 5)
27
Q

name and demonstrate the posible movements of the thumb and of the other digits

A

thumb see picture

MCP and IP joints permit flexion and extension of the digits

MCP joints permit adduction and abduction of the digits.

Week 8 (6 decks)

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