Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Semester 2: Cardiorespiratory Fitness > Anatomy Topic 2 Case 4 > Flashcards

Anatomy Topic 2 Case 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The right margin of the heart extends between which landmarks?

A
  • Third Costal Cartilage

- Sixth Costal Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The left margin of the heart extends between which landmarks?

A
  • Second Intercostal Space

- Fifth Intercostal Space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where would one place the stethoscope in order to listen to the tricuspid valve?

A
  • Left hand side
  • Fifth Intercostal Space
  • Medially
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where would one place the stethoscope in order to listen to the mitral valve?

A
  • Left hand side
  • Fifth Intercostal Space
  • Laterally (midclavicular line)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where would one place the stethoscope in order to listen to the pulmonary valve?

A
  • Left hand side

- Second Intercostal Space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where would one place the stethoscope in order to listen to the aortic valve?

A
  • Right hand side

- Second Intercostal Space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Identify the two components of the pericardium

A
  • Fibrous pericardium

- Serous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The base of the fibrous pericardium is attached to which structure?

A
  • Central tendon of the diaphragm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anteriorly the fibrous pericardium is attached to the sternum by which structure?

A
  • Sternopericardial ligaments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which nerve pass through and innervate the fibrous pericardium?

A
  • Phrenic Nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which vessels pass through and supply the fibrous pericardium?

A
  • Pericardiacophrenic Vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Identify the two layers of the serous pericardium

A
  • Visceral layer

- Parietal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the oblique pericardial sinus?

A
  • Reflection of serous pericardium

- Located posterior to the left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the transverse pericardial sinus?

A
  • Reflection of serous pericardium

- Located superior to the left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Identify five arteries that supply the pericardium

A
  • Pericardiacophrenic
  • Musculophrenic
  • Inferior Phrenic
  • Internal Thoracic
  • Thoracic Aorta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Identify three veins that supply the pericardium

A
  • Azygos system
  • Superior phrenic
  • Internal thoracic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Identify three nerves that supply the pericardium

A
  • Vagus Nerve
  • Phrenic Nerve
  • Sympathetic Trunk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the source of pain from the parietal pericardium?

A
  • Somatic afferent fibres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where may pain from the parietal pericardium be referred to and why?

A
  • Shoulder and lateral neck
  • Share the same dermatomes
  • C3,C4,C5
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Identify the three layers of the heart, from deep to superficialand provide a brief description of each

A
  • Endocardium consisting of a single layer of simple squamous epithelia
  • Myocardium consisting of cardiac muscle cells
  • Epicardium, which is synonymous with the visceral pericardium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Identify four structures that are located on the base of the heart?

A
  • Left atrium
  • Small portion of right atrium
  • Superior vena cava
  • Pulmonary veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The base of the heart runs between which vertebral bodies?

A
  • T5 to T8
23
Q

Which structure(s) lies immediately posterior to the base of the heart

A
  • Oesophagus
24
Q

The apex of the heart is positioned deep to which landmark?

A
  • Left fifth intercostal space
25
Q

Identify three structures that are located on the anterior surface of the heart?

A
  • Right ventricle
  • Small portion of right atrium
  • Small portion of left ventricle
26
Q

Identify two structures that are located on the diaphragmatic surface of the heart

A
  • Left ventricle

- Small portion of right ventricle

27
Q

Which structure separates the left and right ventricle on the diaphragmatic surface?

A
  • Posterior interventricular groove
28
Q

Which structure separates the diaphragmatic surface and base of the heart?

A
  • Coronary sinus
29
Q

Through which structure does blood pass from the right atrium into the right ventricle? Which valve closes this structure?

A
  • Right atrioventricular orifice

- Tricuspid Valve

30
Q

Where does the sulcus terminal cordis extend between?

A
  • Right side of the opening of the superior vena cava to the opening of the inferior vena cava
31
Q

What is the crista terminalis and where does it extend between?

A
  • Smooth muscular ridge

- Opening of superior vena cava, inferolaterally to opening of inferior vena cava.

32
Q

What is the right auricle?

A
  • The space anterior to the crista terminalis
33
Q

Which muscle covers the surface of the right auricle?

A
  • Pectinate muscles
34
Q

What is the coronary sinus and where is it located?

A
  • Opening at which cardiac veins drain into heart

- Medially to opening of inferior vena cava

35
Q

Which structure separates the right and left atrium?

A
  • Interatrial septum
36
Q

What name is given to the depression located at the interatrial septum?

A
  • Fossa ovale
37
Q

What name is given to the outflow tract of the right ventricle?

A
  • Infundibulum / Conus Arteriosus
38
Q

The conus arteriosus is derived form which embryonic structure?

A
  • Bulbus cordis
39
Q

Identify the two types of trabeculae carnae

A
  • Those that attach to ventricular walls at both ends, forming ridges
  • Papillary muscles which attach between ventricular wall and chordae tendinae of tricuspid valve
40
Q

Identify the three types of papillary muscles

A
  • Anterior
  • Posterior
  • Septal
41
Q

What is the septomarginal fossa / moderator band?

A
  • Specialised trabecula

- Forms a bridge between interventricular septum and base of anterior papillary muscle

42
Q

What name is given to the outflow tract in the left ventricle?

A
  • Aortic vestibule
43
Q

How do the trabeculae carnae of the left ventricle differ to those of the right ventricle?

A
  • More fine and delicate

- Smaller

44
Q

Identify the papillary muscles of the left ventricle

A
  • Anterior and posterior
45
Q

Which of the valves include the mitral and tricuspid valves?

A
  • Atrioventricular valves
46
Q

Which of the valves includes the pulmonary and aortic valves

A
  • Semilunar
47
Q

Which of the valves are not attached to chordae tendinae?

A
  • Semilunar
48
Q

How do the shapes of the cusps differ between AV and semilunar valves?

A
  • AV Valves have flat cusps with serrated edges

- Semilunar valves have cup-shaped cusps

49
Q

What name is given to the thickened upper margin of each semilunar valve cusp?

A
  • Nodule
50
Q

What name is given to the thin lateral portion of each semilunar valve cusp?

A
  • Lunula
51
Q

Identify the three cusps of the pulmonary valve?

A
  • Left
  • Right
  • Anterior
52
Q

What is a pulmonary sinus and what is their function?

A
  • Part of cusp that fills with blood following contraction

- Forcing the cusps closed

53
Q

Identify the three cusps of the aortic valve

A
  • Left
  • Right
  • Posterior
54
Q

How does the functioning of the aortic valve differ to that of the pulmonary valve?

A
  • Left and right cusps contain openings of coronary arteries

- Which, following contraction, allow blood flow into the coronary arteries

Semester 2: Cardiorespiratory Fitness (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions