Anatomy Spotter Review Flashcards
State the coverings of the kidney.
Fibrous capsule
Perirenal fat
Renal fat
Pararenal fat
What is arterial blood supply of the kidney?
Renal artery- segment- lobular- interlobular- arcuate
State the nerve supply of the kidney.
Renal plexus of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.
What are the relations of the neck of the urinary bladder in males and females?
Males- prostate
Females- pelvic fascia
What is the relations of the (base) posterior surface of the urinary bladder in males and females?
Females- vagina
Males- vas deferens, seminal vesicle, rectum, rectovesical pouch
State the three layers of the urinary bladder.
Mucosa, muscle layer, adventitia
What is the muscosa in the urinary bladder lined by?
Transitional epithelium
What is the name of the muscles in the muscle layer of the urinary bladder?
Detrusor muscles.
State the development of the series of kidney.
Nephrogenic cord
State the development of the urinary and genital systems.
Intermediate mesoderm.
State the name of the initial kidney developed from the nephrogenic cord.
Pronephros.
State the name of the second kidney developed from the nephrogenic cord.
Mesonephros (Mesonephric ridge)
State the name of the permanent kidney developed from the nephrogenic cord.
Metanephros.
State the development of the excretory part of the kidney.
Ureteric bud
State the development (origin) of the collecting part of the kidney.
Ureteric bud
State the development of the secretory part of the kidney.
Metanephric blastema
State the structures developed from the Vesicouretheral canal.
A. Cranial part — epithelium of urinary bladder.
B. Caudal part (males) - upper part of the anterior wall of prostatic urethra and glands.
C. Caudal part (females) - upper part of the anterior wall of the urethra.
The mesonephric ducts gives rise to which structures in the urinary system?
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Epididymis
Ejaculatory duct
Ureter
Renal pelvis
Major and minor calyces
Collecting duct
Trigone of urinary bladder
Upper part of prostatic and female urethra
Appendix of epididymis
State the development of the terminal part of the urethra.
Ectoderm
State what structures are derived from the Definitive urogenital sinus.
- Remaining prostatic and membranous part of urethra (pelvis part)
- Penile part of the urethra
The part of the male urethra from the bladder to the opening of the ejaculatory duct, the anterior wall is derived from what?
Vesicouretheral duct
The part of the male urethra from the bladder to the opening of the ejaculatory duct, the posterior wall is derived from what?
Mesonephric ducts
State a lateral relation of the pelvic part of ureter.
Obturator internus muscle, vessels and nerves
State a posterior relation of the pelvic part of ureter.
Internal iliac vessels
Sacroiliac joints
State a anterior relation of the pelvic part of ureter.
Ovary- females only
List the 3 restrictions of the ureter.
1st- at the pelvi-Ureteric junction
2nd - when the ureter cross the pelvic inlet
3rd- when the ureter run in the wall of the urinary bladder
State the forward course relation of the pelvic part of the ureter in males.
superior- the vas deferens
Terminal part - seminal vesicles
State the epithelium of the urethra
Transitional epithelium
The anterior wall of the prostatic urethra is developed from?
Vesicouretheral canal
Give the two parts of the Cloaca.
Anorectal canal and primitive urogenital sinus.
State what is developed from the Anorectal canal.
The lower part of the rectum and upper part of the anal canal
State the parts of the the primitive urogenital sinus.
- Vesicouretheral canal
- Pelvic part of urogenital sinus
- Phallic part of urogenital sinus
State what structures develops from the pelvic part of the urogenital sinus.
- Males - lower part of prostatic urethra, membranous part of the urethra and the prostatic glands.
- Females - lower part of the urethra and lower part of the vagina.
State what structures develops from the phallic part of the urogenital sinus.
- Males- spongy part of the urethra.
- Females - vestibule part of vagina.
What is the name of the junction between the lower pole of the kidney and the lower continuation of renal pelvis.
Pelvi-Ureteric junction
State the blood supply of the upper, middle and pelvic part of the ureter.
Upper- Renal, gonadal and colic vessels
Middle- aorta, gonadal and iliac vessels
Pelvic- vesical, middle uterine and rectal vessels
What is the nerve supply of the ureter?
Renal, aortic and hypogastric plexus.
— sympathetic t10-l1
— parasympathetic s2-s4
State the arterial supply of the urinary bladder.
Superior and inferior vesical arteries.
List the name of the smooth muscle in the muscular layer of the the urinary bladder.
Detrusor muscle.
State the course of the male urethra.
- Internal urethral orifice
- Prostate
- Deep perineal space
- Penis
- External urethral orifice
State the parts of the prostatic part of the male urethra.
- Urethral crest (verumontanum)
- Colliculus seminalis
- Prostatic sinus
The prostatic utricle is homologous with which part of the female urinary system?
Uterus.
State the course of the membranous part of the urethra.
- Continuation of the prostatic part
- Sphincter urethrae
- Perineal membrane
- Pubic symphysis
List the features of the membranous urethra.
- Sphincter urethrae (external urethra sphincter)
- Bulbourethral glands (of Cowper)
- Urethral glands.
State the course of the spongy part of the male urethra.
- Forward and upward in the bulb of the penis
- Downward - front of lower part of pubic symphysis.
- Corpus spongiosum
- External urethral orifice
State the features of the spongy part of the male urethra.
- Ducts of the bulbourethral glands
- Orifices of the urethral glands
- Lacunae of Morgagni
State the lining of the male urethra.
— transitional epithelium
— pseudo stratified epithelium
— stratified squamous non- keratinized epithelium
The paraurethral glands of Skene are homologous to which part of the male urinary system?
Prostate.
What are the posterior relations of the abdominal part of the ureter?
Psoas major
Transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae
External iliac artery
Genitofemoral nerve
What are the anterior relations of the right ureter?
Duodenum
Terminal ilium
Right colic
Right gonadal
Right ileocolic
Peritoneum
Root of mesentary
What are the anterior relations of the left ureter?
Peritonuem
Left colic
Left gonadal
Sigmoid colon
Sigmoid mesocolon
What are the lateral relations of the pelvic part of ureter?
Obturator internus muscle
Obturator vessels and nerve
Superior vesical artery
What are the posterior relations of the pelvic part of ureter?
Internal iliac vessels
Sacroiliac joint
State the forward course relation of the pelvic part of the ureter in females.
Superior - uterine vessels
Lateral - cervix of uterus
Above lateral - fornix of vagina
What is the most dilated and least dilated part of the male urethra.
— Most dilated: Prostatic part
— Least dilated: membranous part
