Anatomy - Skeletal System Flashcards
What do ligaments connect?
Bone to bone
How many bones are found in the human body?
206
How many bones are found in the human skull?
28
What is the hyoid bone?
It is where the parietal and temporal bones are paired
What makes the hyoid bone unique?
It has no articulations with other bones
How many bones are found in the vertebrae?
26
What do tendons connect?
Muscle to bone
How many bones are found in the cervical vertebrae?
7
How many bones are found in the thoracic vertebrae?
12
How many bones are found in the lumbar vertebrae?
5
How many bones are found in the sacral vertebrae?
5 vertebrae
How many bones are found in the coccygeal vertebrae?
5
What serves as shock absorbers for the spine?
Intervertebral disks
The ________ protects the spinal cord.
Vertebral arch
The ____ extends laterally from each side of the arch.
Transverse process
The _______ process is located at the point of junction.
Spinous
What is the palpable part of the spinal column?
Spinous process
There are how many pairs of ribs in the human body?
12
Which ribs are called true ribs?
Superior - 7 total
Which ribs are false ribs?
Inferior - 5 total
Which ribs are the floating ribs?
11 and 12
What are the three parts of the Sternum?
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid Process
Where is the jugular notch located?
Superior portion of the manubrium
Where is the point at which the manubrium joins the body of the sternum?
Sternal angle (Angle of lois)
Where is the second rib found?
Lateral to the sternal angle (angle of lois)
The ______ skeleton consists of the bones of the upper and lower extremities and their girdles.
Appendicular
The _____ girdle is comprised of the scapula and clavicle.
Pectoral
What is the second largest bone in the body?
Humerus
The ________ articulates with the radius and ulna at the distal end.
Humerus
Which bone is the medial side of the forearm?
Ulna
Which bone is the lateral side of the forearm bone?
Radius
The ______ transmits the weight of the truck to lower limbs and protects the abdominal and pelvic organs.
Pelvic Girdle
The superior portion of the ilium is the ______.
Iliac crest
What is the longest and strongest bone in the skeleton?
Femur
The _____ is the medial bone of the lower leg.
Tibia
The _________ is the lateral bone of the lower leg.
Fibula
Which bone, tibia or fibula, is non-weight bearing?
Fibula
Which bone is also known as the heel?
Calcaneous
What type of joints consist of two bones, united by fibrous tissue, that have little or no movement?
Fibrous
Where can fibrous joints be found?
Sutures
Tooth socket
Between ulna and radius
Which joint type is completely immobile?
Fibrous
Which joint type allows slight movement?
Cartilaginous
Which joint unites two bones by means of cartilage?
Cartilaginous
Where are cartilaginous joints found?
Epiphyseal plate
Between manubrium and sternum body
Which joint type allows considerable movement between articulating bones?
Synovial
There are ________ types of synovial joints.
6
Which joints are considered synovial joints?
Plane or gliding joints Saddle joints Hinge Joints Pivot Joints Ball-and-socket joints Ellipsoid Joints
Where are plane or gliding joints found?
Between vertebrae
Where are saddle joints found?
Joint of thumb
Where are hinge joints found?
Fingers, toes, and knee
Where are the pivot joints found?
Joints of the ulna and radius
Where are the ball-and-socket joints found?
Shoulder and hip
Where are ellipsoid joints found?
Bottom of skull attached to vertebrae
What is the largest bone of the leg?
Tibia
What is the largest bone of the lower extremity?
Femur
The _____ is the most commonly fractured bone in multi-system trauma.
Clavicle
Which part of the sternum is also known as the sword?
Xiphoid process
What is Rickets Disease?
Calcium deficiency in children
What is the term for pre-osteoporosis?
Osteomalasia
Which vitamin is important for osteoblasts?
Vitamin A
Which vitamin is required for collagen fibers?
Vitamin C
Which vitamin aids in the small intestines ability to absorb calcium?
Vitamin D
An ______ is a mature bone-growing cell.
Osteocyte
_____ are active bone-growing cells.
Osteoblasts
_______ erode bone for increase of blood calcium.
Osteoclasts
What are the 5 types of bone?
Long Short Flat Irregular Sesamoid
_____ bones contain red bone marrow.
Flat
Epiphysis bone is made of?
Spongy bone
Diaphysis bone is made of?
Compact bone
Red bone marrow makes?
Red and white blood cells
Platelets
Yellow marrow is found in?
Long bones
________ bone splinters.
Irregular
______ bones are bones created by constant irritation of a ligament.
Sesamoid
The ______ bone is located at the base of the tongue.
Hyoid
Where is the coronal suture located?
Lining forehead on skull
The _______ is the base of the larynx.
Cricoid cartilage ring
Cricoid pressure is ______ recommended.
Never
Sellecks maneuver is also known as?
Cricoid cartilage pressure
When would sellecks maneuver recommended?
Intubation - better visibility of airway
The ________ houses the spinal cord.
Vertebral foremen
Which part of the vertebral bone supports weight?
Vertebral body
Where C7 located?
First felt spinous process from neck
Cervical vertebrae are different from others due to having?
Bi-fid
Which vertebral foreman contain blood vessels and are located at or above the heart?
Intravertebral foreman
What is the purpose of the transverse process?
Anchors for muscles
What are the 4 spinal regions?
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
C1 is also known as?
Atlas
C2 is also known as?
Axis
The ______ is the “stand” attached to the skull.
Atlas (C1)
The ____ of C2 is also known as the odontoid process.
Dens
What are the parts of the fingers starting from tips down?
Phalanges
Metacarpals
Carpals
Distal end of the tibia forms _____ malleolus.
Medial
Distal end of the fibula forms the ______ malleolus.
Lateral
The _______ articulates with tibia and fibula.
Talus
The _________ is located inferior and lateral to talus.
Calcaneous
What are the thee major classification of joints?
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Which joint allows for most movement?
Synovial
Bursa sacs are found in which joints?
Synovial
