Anatomy/respiratory/bioenergetics... Flashcards
Respiratory
What is the pulmonary/respiratory system made up of?
Left and right lungs, and network of air passageways
Stroke Volume
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle in one heart beat
Bioenergetics
Lactate Threshold
The point at which the lactic acid begins to accumulate in the blood
Bioenergetics
What is the first energy system and its 2 ways that it forms ATP (wihtout oxygen)
Anaerobic metabolism system
- short supply, used at start of workout, when doing high intensity, and when need energy quickly
1. ATP-CP system - fastest, produces fuel for 10secs, breaks down creatine to make ATP
2. Anaerobic Glycolytic - 10secs-2mins, makes lactic acid
Bioenergetics
What’s the second energy system and its 2 ways of forming ATP (with oxygen)
Aerobic Metabolism System
- when we take in enough O2
- produced less quickly, for moderate intensity and longer durations
1. Aerobic Glycolytic - moderate intensity for +2 mins, makes 38 ATP molecules
2. Fatty Acid Oxidation System - uses fatty acids to make ATP, low intensity for +2 mins, makes 100+ ATP molecules
Bioenergetics
What is energy?
Energy is the ability to do physical work. The body needs ATP to convert chemical energy from food into muscle contractions for movement.
Bioenergetics
What is metabolism?
All chemical reactions that allow large molecules to break down and other molecules to build up
Bioenergetics
What dictates which energy system is necessary?
The duration and intensity of the exercise.
Bioenergetics
What is an effective method to develop the energy systems?
Interval Conditioning
Cardiorespiratory
FITT for cardiorespiratory training
F: 1 - 5 sessions/week
I: 55-90% of HRmax or 50-85% of HRR
T: 10-60min sessions
T: match client’s needs
Skeletal Anatomy
Axial vs Appendicular Skeletons
Ax - head, trunk, and vertebrae
Ap - limbs, shoulders, and pelvis
Skeletal Anatomy
What are the 3 types of joints and how are they classified?
Joints are classified by the amount of movement they allow.
1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial - 3 most common
- hinge, condyloid, ball-and-socket
Muscular Anatomy
What are muscles made up of?
They have many muscle fibers that are made up of myofibrils, and those contain protein filaments called actin (thin) and myosin (thick)
Muscular Anatomy
What’s the sliding filament theory?
Explains how muscles contract. The myosin filaments pull on the actin filaments, they slide past each other until they completely overlap.
What is flexibility?
ROM, and ability to adapt to challenges to motor control, strength, balance, coordination, endurance, and mental/emotional focus.
