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Anatomy > Anatomy Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

All things are composed of what?

A

Chemicals consisting atoms

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2
Q

Protons, neutrons, & electrons that make up an atom

A

Subatomic particles

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3
Q

What are the levels or organization?

A

1. Atom
* Tiny particles that make up chemicals
* Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C)

2. Molecule
* Particles consisting of atoms joined together
* Water, Glucose

3. Macromolecule
* Large particles consisting of molecules
* DNA, protein

4. Organelle
* Functional part of cell
* Mitochondrion, lysosome

5. Cell
* Basic unit of structure & functions
* Muscle cell, blood cell

6. Tissue
* Layer/mass of cells w/ specific functions
* Adipose tissue

7. Organ
* Group of different tissues w/ a function
* Heart, kidney

8. Organ system
* Group of organs w/ a common function
* Digestive system, resp. system

9. Organism
* Composed of organ systems interacting
* Human

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4
Q

Bodys maintenance of stable internal enviornment
* Requires most of our metabolic energy

Receptors: Provides information
Control center: Tells what particular value should be
Effectors: Cause responses to change to internal enviornment

A

Homeostasis

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5
Q

Most common homeostatic mech

Effectors return conditions toward normal range
* Maintains balance
* Prevent severe changes in the body
* Long lived

Ex:
* BP
* T
* Glucose (Insulin)

A

Negative feedback loop

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6
Q

Change/deviatuion is intensified, instead of reversed
* Uncommon homeostatic mech in body
* Increases until normal
* Short lived

Ex:
* Blood clots
* Breastfeeding
* Labor

A

Positive feedback loop

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7
Q

Divides body into 4 parts (head, neck, trunk, & upper appendicular portion)
* Cranial cavity: Houses brain
* Vertebral cranial: Spinal cavity/cord, backbone/vertebra
* Thoracic cavity: Heart, lungs and pleura
* Abdominopelvic cavity: All of your organs other than your brain, heart, and lungs

Pg 20

A

Axial portion

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8
Q

What seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

pg 20

A

Diaphragm

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9
Q

Seperated from abdominopelvic by diaphragm
* Broad thin muscle

At rest, muscle is curved upwards into thorax (like dome) ; when contracting during inhalation, muscle curves down on abdominal viscera

Includes:
* L pleural cavity: Line thoracic cavity & cover lungs
* Mediastinum
* R pleural cavity: Line thoracic cavity & cover lungs
* Pericardial cavity: Surrounding heart & covering surface

pg 20 - 21 fig. 1.10, 37

A

Thoracic cavity

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10
Q

Extends forward to the sternum & backward to the vertebral column

Forms boundry between R & L sides of thoracic cavity
* R & L lungs are on either side

Includes:
* Heart
* Esophagus
* Trachea
* Thymus

pg 20

A

Mediastinum

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11
Q

Includes upper abdominal & lower pelvic portion

Abdominal cavity:
* Viscera found within (stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, small/large intestine)

Pelvic cavity:
* Portion enclosed by pelvic bones
* Contains terminal end of large intestine, urinary bladder, & internal reproductive organs

pg 20 - 21 fig. 1.10

A

Abdominopelvic Cavity

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12
Q

What are 4 other small cavities located w/in the head?

pg 20 Fig 7.21 pg 225

A

Oral cavity: Teeth, tounge

Nasal cavity: Connecting several air-filled sinuses

Orbital cavity: Eyes, skeletal muscle, & nerves

Middle ear cavities: Middle ear bone

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13
Q

Line the walls of thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities & folds back to cover organs w/in cavities
* Secrete slippery serous fluid

parieal layer:
* Outer layer
* Lines wall of the thoracic & abdominopevlic cavity

Visceral layer:
* Inner layer
* Covers organs

Examples:
* Visceral & parieal Pleura: Around lungs in thorax
* Visceral & parieal pericardium: Around heart in thorax
* Visceral & parieal Peritoneum: Around abd.pelvi organs

pg 20 & notes

A

Serous membranes

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14
Q

What’s the difference between parietal & visceral peritoneum?

pg 20

A

Parietal peritoneum: Lines the wall of the abdominal pelvic cavity

Visceral peritoneum: Covers most organs in the abdominopelvic cavity

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15
Q

Major organs include:
* Skin
* Hair
* Nails
* Sweat glands
* Sebaceous glands

Major function:
* Protects tissues
* Regulates body temp
* Support sensory receptors

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Integumentary system

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16
Q

Major organs include:
* Bones
* Ligaments
* Cartilages

Major function:
* Provide frame work
* Protect soft tissue
* Provide attachements to form muscles
* Produce blood cells
* Store Inorganic salts

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Skeletal System

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17
Q

Major organs include:
* Muscles

Major function:
* Causes movement
* Maintains posture
* Produce body heat

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Muscular system

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18
Q

Major organs include:
* Brain
* Spinal cord
* Nerves
* Sense organs

Major function:
* Detects changes
* Receives & interperates info
* Stimulates muscles & glands

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Nervous system

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19
Q

Major organs include: (Glands that secrete hormones)
* Pituitary gland
* Thyroid gland
* Parathyroid gland
* Adrenal gland
* Pineal gland
* Pancreas
* Ovaries/testes
* Thymus

Major function:
* Control metabolic activities of bodies structure

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Endocrine system

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20
Q

Major organs include:
* Heart
* Arteries
* Capillaries
* Veins

Major function:
* Move blood through blood vessels
* Transport substances throughout body

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Cardiovascular system

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21
Q

Major organs include:
* Lymphiatic vessels
* Lymph nodes
* Thymus
* Spleen

Major function:
* Returne tissue fluid from blood
* Carry certain absorbed food molecules
* Defend body against infection

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Lymphatic system

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22
Q

Major organs include:
* Mouth, tounge, teeth
* Salivary glands
* Pharynx
* Esophagus
* Stomach
* Liver
* Gallbladder
* Pancreas
* Small/Large intestine

Major function:
* Recieve/breakdown/absorb food
* Eliminate unabsorbed material

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Digestive system

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23
Q

Major organs include:
* Nasal cavity
* Pharynx
* Larynx
* Trachea
* Bronchi
* Lungs

Major function:
* I/O of air
* Gas exchange betwen air & blood

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Resp. system

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24
Q

Major organs include:
* Kidneys
* Ureters
* Bladder
* Urethra

Major function:
* Remove waste from blood
* Maintain water & electrolyte balance
* Store/eliminate urine

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Urinary system

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25
Q

Major organs include:
* Male: Scrotum, testes, epididymides, ductus deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate glands, bulbouretgral glands, urethra, penis
* Female: Ovaries, Uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, vulva

Major function:
* Males: Produce/maintain/transfer sperm
* Female: Produce/maintain oocytes (female sex cells), receive sperm, support development of embryo, birth process

pg 26 Table 1.3

A

Reproductive system

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26
Q

Define the following positions:

Superior
Inferior

Anterior/Ventral
Posterior/Dorsal

Medial
Lateral
Bilateral

Ipsilateral
Contralateral

Proxial
Distal

Superficial
Deep

A

Superior: Above
Inferior: Below

Anterior/Ventral: Toward front
Posterior/Dorsal: Toward back

Medial: Toward midline
Lateral: Away from midline

Bilateral: Paired structures on both sides
Ipsilateral: Same side
Contralateral: Opposite sides

Proxial: Close to trunk
Distal: Away from trunk

Superficial: Close to body surface
Deep: More internal

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27
Q

Define the following abdominal body regions:

Epigastric region

L hypochondrian region

R hypochondrian region

Umbilical region

L lateral (lumbar) region

R lateral (lumbar) region

Pubic (hypogastric) region

L inguinal region

R inguinal region

pg 31

A

Epigastric: Upper middle portion of abd.

L hypochondrian region: L side of epigatric region

R hypochondrian region: R side of epigatric region

Umbilical region: Middle portion of abd.

L lateral (lumbar) region: L side of umbilical region

R lateral (lumbar) region: R side of umbilical region

Pubic (hypogastric) region: Lower middle portion of abd.

L inguinal region: L side of pubic (hypogastric) region

R inguinal region: R side of Pubic (hypogastric) region

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28
Q

Define the following adjectives that are commonly used to refer to various parts of the body:

Acromial
Crural
Inguinal
Mental
Occipital
Orbital
Sacral
Sural

pg 31-32 (Not all listed)

A

Acromial: Point of shoulder

Crural: Leg (shins)

Inguinal: Depressed area of abd. wall near thigh (groin)

Mental: Chin

Occipital: Inferior posterior region of the head

Orbital: Eye cavity

Sacral: Posterior region between hip bones

Sural: Calf of leg

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29
Q

Describe how a patient would look in anatomical position?

A

Standing erect / facing forward

Upper limbs at sides w/ palms facing forward

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30
Q

Define each body section/ plane:

Sagittal section:

Midsagittal /median:

Parasagittal:

Transverse / Horizontal section:

Coronal / frontol section:

A

Sagittal section: Longituted cut diving body into L & R portions

Midsagittal /median: Divides body into L & R

Parasagittal: Divides body into unequal L & R portions
* Sagittal section lateral to midline

Transverse / Horizontal section: Divides body into superior & inferior parts

Coronal / frontol section: Longitudinal cut that divides body into anterior & porterior portions

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31
Q

What 2 things make up all body fluids?

A

Water & electrolytes

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32
Q

What are the structures of matter?

A

Matter: Anything that has weight & takes up space
* Composed of elements

Elements: Compose of chemically identical atoms

Atoms: Smallest particle of an element
* Protons (p+): Positive charge, in nucleus
* Neutrons (n0): No charge / neutral, in nucleus
* Electrons (e-): Negative charge, on outside rings

Nucleus: Central part of atom
* composed of protons & neutrons
* Electrons move around

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33
Q

T/F: Nucleus contains protons

Pg 62

A

True

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34
Q

T/F: The number of electrons equals the number or neutrons

Pg 62

A

FALSE: The number of electrons equals the number or Protons

TIP: This means a complete atom has no net charge & is electronically neutral

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35
Q

What is the difference between an atomic number & a mass number?

pg 62

A

Atomic number: Number of protons in nucleus of specific element
* Upper number

Mass number: Number of protons plus neutrons in one atom
* Electrons do not contribute to mass of atom bc they are too light
* Lower number

Example of atomic number:
Hydrogen (H):
* Has 1 proton = Atomic number of 1

Carbon (C):
* Has 6 protons = Atomic number of 6

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36
Q

Electronically charged atom that gains/loses electrons in order to become stable

A

Ion

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37
Q

Positively charged ion

Formed when atom loses electrons

Attract anions to create a 3D structure

pg 66

A

Cation

38
Q

Negatively charged ion

Formed when atoms gains electrons

Attract cations to create a 3D structure

A

Anion

39
Q

Strong chemical bonds formed when ions of opposite charge attract
* Between cation & anion
* Dissociation in water
* Lose/gain electrons

3 steps:
1. Transfer of an electron to form ion
2. Positive & negative ions are attracted to each other
3. Formation of bond

Example: NaCl

A

Ionic bond

40
Q

Chemical bond formed between atoms that shared electrons
* Strong chemical bonds
* Can be polar/nonpolar

Examples:
* Hydrogen (H) can combine to create a molecule = (H2)
* Hydrogen molecule (H2) often combines w/ oxygen (O2) molecule = H2O
* CO2

A

Covelent bond

41
Q

Negative region of a molecule attracted to a postive region
* weak, yet stable

Example: In below 0 degree temp,hydrogen bonds between water create ice

A

Hydrogen bond

42
Q

What is the maximun number of electrons that can be placed on each of the 3 rings of an electron shell (space encircling neucleus)?

A

Max: 18

First shell: 2 electrons
Second shell: 8 electrons
Third shell: 8 electrons

43
Q

Elements present & number of each atom present in the molecule

Examples:
* Hydrogen molecule = H2
* Water molecule = H2O

A

Molecular formulas

44
Q

What is the Molecular formula for glucose?

A

C6H12O6

45
Q

What is the difference between a molecule & a compound?

A

Molecule: Particle formed when 2 or more atoms are chemically combined

Compound: Particle formed when 2 or more atoms of different elements are chemically combined

46
Q

Atoms share electrons equally

Exist between atoms of the same element

Attraction to electrons is based on the size of the nucleus (electronegativity)
* The bigger the nucleus, the more electronegative an atom is
* Atoms of same size have same size nucleus & need equal “pull” of electrons

C & H atoms also form

Examples found in carbon dioxide & most carbon-hydrogen bonds

pg 67

A

Nonpolar covalent bonds

47
Q

Electrons are not shared equally
* More electrons are on one end of the molecule making that end slightly negative, while the other end is slightly positive

Usually form where hydrogen atoms bond to & oxygen to nitrogen atoms

Example: Water (H2O)

pg 67-68

A

Polar covalent bonds

48
Q

Hydrogen bonds are important for what 2 structures?

A

Protein

Nucleic acids

49
Q

Form / break bonds between atoms, ions, or molecules

Reactants: Starting materials of reaction
* The atom, ion, or molecule

Products: Substances formed at the end of reactions

pg 68

A

Chemical reaction

50
Q

What are the 2 types of chemical reactions and how are they different?

pg 68-69

A

Synthesis reaction:
* 2 or more atoms, ions, or molecules formed to make a more complex structure
* Particularly important in growth of body parts & repair worn/damaged tissue
* Symbolized : A+B = AB

Decomposition reaction:
* Chemical bonds broken to form simpler atoms, ions, or molecules
* Digests nutrient molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream of the small intestines
* Symbolized : AB = A+B

51
Q

what are 3 types of electolytes & their characteristics?

A

Acid: Substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+)
* Carbonic acid
* Hydrochloric acid
* Acetic acid
* Phosphoric acid

Base: Substance that releases ions that can combine w/ hydrogen ions
* Sodium hydroxied
* Potassium hydroxide
* Magnesium hydroxide
* Sodium bicarb (HCO3)

Salt: Substance formed by the reaction between an acid & a base
* Sodium chloride
* Aluminum chloride
* Magnesium sulfate

52
Q

A system that tracts the number of decimal places in a hydrogen ion concentration
* Extends from 0-14

As hydrogen ions increase, the pH decreases

Blood is normally slightly more alkaline

Illness can result when pH chnges

Normal: 7.35-7.45

Acidic/ Acidosis: < 7.35
* Makes one feel disoriented & fatigued
* Breathing may become difficult
* Can result from diarrhea, severe vomiting, diabetes, lung & kidney disease

Alkalemia/ Alkalosis: > 7.45
* Makes one feel agitated & dizzy
* Caused by breathing rapidly at high altitudes, too many antiacids, high fever, anxiety, mild-mod vomiting

pg 70-71

A

pH scale

53
Q

Chemical systems that resist pH change

Has the ability to maintain pH by combining w/ hydrogen ions when they are in excess or donating hydrogen

Common systemin blood: Carbonic acid-bicarbonate system

pg 71

A

Buffer

54
Q

How does the hydrogen ion concentrate compare between a solution as pH 6.4 & a solution of pH 8.4?

A

The solution 6.4 has 100x the hydrogen ion concetration of a solution at pH 8.4

55
Q

What are 2 general types of chemicals, including those that take part in metabolism (cell energy reaction)?

pg 71

A

Organic

Inorganic

56
Q

Compounds that have carbon & hydrogen

Have long chain/ring structures that can form because of carbon atoms ability to form 4 covalent bonds

Many organic compouds dissolve in water (polar)
* Most that dissolve in water do not release ions (AKA nonelectrolytes)

Most dissolve in organic liquids (ether/alcohol) (Nonpolar)

pg 71

A

Organic compounds

57
Q

What are examples of organic compounds?

pg 84

A

Carbs
* Provide main energy supply built of simple sugars

Proteins
* Serve as structural materials, energy source, hormones, cell surface receptors, antibodies, & enzymes that speed chemical reactions w/o being consume

Lipids
* Triglycerides (fats), phospholipids, & steroids

Nucleic acids
* The instructions that control activities, & direct protein synthesis

58
Q

Provide main energy supply built of simple sugars
* Diet 60% carbs, 30% fat,10% protein
* Water soluable

Contain hydrogen (H), carbon (C), & oxygen (O)
* Ratio H to O is 2:1 (C6H12O6 = glucose)
*
Size classification:
* Monosaccharides: Single sugars - Glucose, Fructose
* Disaccharides: Double sugars - Sucrose (table sugar), lactose (milk sugar)
* Polysaccharides: Complex sugars (3+) - Starch, glycogen, cellulose (humans cannot digest - considered dietary fiber)
* Abundant in plants

A

Carbs
(Organic compound)

59
Q

Serve as structural materials, energy source, hormones, cell surface receptors/ wound healing, antibodies, & enzymes that speed chemical reactions w/o being consume
* Use as last resort

Contains C, H, O, N & often S

Building blocks = Amino acids
* Held together w/ peptide bonds

3D structure (conformations), primary source is amino acid sequence
* Can be Denaturea (changes in 3D shape by breaking bonds - caused by heat/ extreme pH)

Examples: Albumins, Hg

A

Proteins
(Organic compound)

60
Q

Important component of cell membranes w/ several functions
* Supply energy used to build cell parts
* Triglycerides (fats - most abundant), phospholipids, & steroids
* Insoluble in water (hydrophobic), but soluble in organic solvents

Building blocks of triglycerides: 1 Glycerol, & 3 fatty acids
* Used for cellular energy (more engery per g than carbs)
* Contains C, H, & O but has less O than carbs

Building blocks of phospholipids: 1 Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, Phosphate group
* Similar to triglycerides

Steroids include 4 rings of carbon atoms & are synthesized in body from cholesterol
* Component of cell membrane
* Used to synthosize the adrenal & sex hormone

Example: Fat, cholesterol

A

Lipids
(Organic compound)

61
Q

Carry genetic code (DNA) & direct protein synthesis (RNA)
* Contains C, H, O, N, & P

Encode amino acid sequence of protein

Building blocks: Nucleotides
* Consists of sugars (S), phosphate group (P), & organic bse (B)

Genetic form: Polynucleotide chain

2 types:
* DNA: Store information used to construct proteins, found in nucleus, deoxyribose sugar
* RNA: Help body synthesize proteins, found in cytoplasm & protein, ribose sugar

A

Nucleic acids
(Organic compound)

62
Q

What is the difference between Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) & Ribonucleic acid (RNA)?

pg 84

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):
* Store genetic code -replicated w/ an exact copy of original cells DNA
* Contains sugar deoxyribose
* Composed of nucleotides
* Only found in the nucleus
* Double helix - (ATCGAT)

Ribonucleic acid (RNA):
* Interacts w/ DNA to conduct protein synthesis
* Contains sugar ribose
* Composed of nucleotides
* Found in nucleus and cytoplasm
* Single stranded - (AUCGAU)

63
Q

Do not contain hydrogen (H) & carbon (C)

Usually dissolve in water & dissociate forming ions (Electrolytes)

Common compound substances found in the cell are water (H2O), oxygen (O2), carbon dioxied (CO2), & inorganic salts (HCO3-, CL-, K+, ect)

A

Inorganic compound

64
Q

Most abundant compound in living material

Medium for metabolic reactions

Important role for transportation
* Important soluvent (dissolves things)
* Polar water molecules seperate in soluvent

Can absorb & transport heat

A

Water
(Inorganic compound)

65
Q

Used by organelles to release energy from nutrients in order to drive cells metabolic activities
* Necessary for survival

Blood carries Bicarb (HCO3-) to resp. organs

A

Oxygen
(Inorganic compound)

66
Q

When is carbon dioxied released
& how is removed from the body?

A

Released during metabolic reactions

Removed through exhalation

67
Q

What is the difference between saturated & unsaturated fats?

A

Saturated fats:
* Have single carbon-carbon bond
* Most are solid at room temp
* Most are animal orgin
* Every H has a C
* Can raise LDL
* Ex: Beef, pork, eggs, coconut oil, ect

Unsaturated fats:
* Have 1+ carbon-carbon double bond
* Most are liquid at room temp
* Most are plant orgin
* Not every H has a C
* Examples: Vegetable oils, nuts, fish, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated

68
Q

What happens when an acid and base combine?

A

They neutralize to form water and a salt

69
Q

Which solution has the highest concentration of H+ ions?

a) pH 0

b) pH 1

c) pH 7

d) pH 14

A

d) pH 14

70
Q

Which solution has the lowest concentration of H+ ions?

a) pH 0

b) pH 1

c) pH 7

d) pH 14

A

a) pH 0

71
Q

When would buffers donate H+ ions in our blood?

A

Alkalosis

72
Q

When would buffers absorb H+ ions in our blood?

A

acidosis

73
Q

What has control over blood pH?

A

Bicarbonate

74
Q

What happens if you change one amino acid in a protein?

A

You change its function and structure

ex: sickle cell anemia

75
Q

What are the 2 forms of endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum (SER):
* No ribosomes attached and makes glycogen (polysaccharides), phospholipids, and steroids

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER):
* Has ribosomes attached and modifies proteins given by ribosomes (little red dots)

76
Q

Puts finishing touches on proteins, packages the protein into the vesicles, and ships the protein filled vesicles towards the plasma membrane and out of the cell (exocytosis)

Think of UPS/ FEDEX/ Amazon

A

Golgi apparatus

77
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

Requires oxygen and uses it to burn glycose into ATP (comes from Glycolisis)

A

Mitochondria

78
Q

cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down and dispose of debris, old organelles, and bacteria that has been ingested (endocytosis)

Think of garbage disposal

A

Lysosomes

79
Q

Provides structure and movement for the cell

Forms structures that undergo Mitosis

Translates to “skeleton of the cell”

A

Cytoskeleton

80
Q

What is a toxic bi-product of breaking down proteins and why is this the cause?

A

Ammonia
* proteins contain nitrogen

81
Q

Are the following T or F?

  1. The mouth is inferior to the nose
  2. The breast bone is Lateral to the ribs
  3. The toes are distal to ankle
  4. The elbow is proximal to the wrist
  5. The heart is posterior to the spine
  6. Theheart is inferior to the diaphragm
  7. The skin is superficial to other body parts
  8. The lungs are medial to the heart
A
  1. True
  2. False - The breast bone is medial to the ribs
  3. True
  4. True
  5. False - The heart is anterior to the spine
  6. False - Theheart is superior to the diaphragm
  7. True
  8. False - The lungs are lateral to the heart
82
Q

What ovarian hormone is involved in a postive feedback loop w/ the hypothalamus & anterior pituitary?

a.) Luteinizing hormone
b.) Gonadotropian
c.) Gonadotropian-relasing hormone
d.) Estrogen
e.) Proestrogen

w1HW

A

d.) Estrogen

83
Q

What hormone is released by the anterior pituitary as a part of the positive feedback loop between the anterior pituitary & the ovary?

a.) Luteinizing hormone
b.) Gonadotropian
c.) Gonadotropian-relasing hormone
d.) Estrogen
e.) Proestrogen

w1 HW

A

a.) Luteinizing hormone

84
Q

What hormone is released by the corpus luteum in the ovary after ovulation & causes a negative feedback loop w/ the hypothalamus & anterior pituitary?

a.) Luteinizing hormone
b.) Gonadotropian
c.) Gonadotropian-relasing hormone
d.) Estrogen
e.) Proestrogen

w1 HW

A

e.) Proestrogen

85
Q

which type of microbe is made up of single-celled orgainisms w/ no nucleus?

a.) Viruses
b.) Fungi
c.) Protozoans
d.) Bacteria

w1 HW

A

d.) Bacteria

86
Q

Which type of pathogen is not made up of cells, & must infect a cell to reproduce?

a.) Viruses
b.) Fungi
c.) Protozoans
d.) Bacteria

w1 HW

A

a.) Viruses

87
Q

sWhich type of pathogen usually has a cell wall made up of peptidoglycan?

a.) Viruses
b.) Fungi
c.) Protozoans
d.) Bacteria

w1 HW

A

d.) Bacteria

88
Q

Which pathogen is the smallest?

a.) Viruses
b.) Fungi
c.) Protozoans
d.) Bacteria

w1 HW

A

a.) Viruses

89
Q

Which pathogen is prokaryotic (single-celled)?

a.) Viruses
b.) Fungi
c.) Protozoans
d.) Bacteria

w1 HW

A

d.) Bacteria

90
Q

What pathogen can be treated w/ antibiodics?

a.) Viruses
b.) Fungi
c.) Protozoans
d.) Bacteria

w1 HW

A

d.) Bacteria

Anatomy (5 decks)

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