Anatomy Pre-Practical 1 Flashcards
Name the bones of the Cranium (six)
Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid
Name the bones of the Face (nine)
Frontal, Parietal, Sphenoid, Temporal, Nasal, Zygomatic, Vomer, Maxilla, Mandible
Name the layers of the scalp
Skin, Connective Tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose Areolar Connective Tissue, Pericranium
Where are the vessels of the scalp located?
In the connective tissue (2nd layer)
Define Emissary veins
Valveless veins that traverse dipole and can spread infection intracranially. As a result the areas of the face which drain to them are known as the ‘danger zone’
Name the branches of the Trigeminal Nerve and give the Cranial Nerve number of the Trigeminal Nerve
V1 - Ophthalmic
V2 - Maxillary
V3 - Mandibular
Trigeminal Nerve = Cranial Nerve V
What fibres do the branches of the Trigeminal Nerve contain?
VI (ophthalmic) - only sensory
V2 (maxillary) - only sensory
V3 (mandibular) - motor and sensory
What is the sensory nerve supply to the face and anterior part of the skull?
The branches of the trigeminal nerve
What type of fibres can a cranial nerve carry?
Potentially motor, sensory and/or parasympathetic. The sensory fibres carried can be general sensory i.e. touch temperature pain etc, or special sensory i.e. vision, hearing, taste etc.
How do sympathetic fibres reach the regions supplied by cranial nerves?
Postganglionic fibres from the sympathetic chain form a plexus and travel with the blood vessels
Name the four key muscles of the face
Orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, occipitofrontalis, buccinator
What fibres does the facial nerve carry? Give the cranial nerve number for the facial nerve
Motor fibres, sensory fibres (special sensory) and parasympathetic fibres. Cranial Nerve VII
Which structures run through the Parotid Gland?
The ECA enters into the land to give off its external branches
The facial nerve
The retromandibular vein
What is contained within the carotid sheath?
Carotid arteries
IJV
Vagus nerve
Form where does the right CCA arise?
The brachiocephalic artery
From where does the left CCA arise?
Directly from the arch of the aorta
In the main, what does the ECA supply?
The neck, face and scalp
In the main, what does the ICA supply?
The brain
Is the ICA or ECA more posterior?
The ICA
IS the IJV or EJV more posterior?
The EJV
What spinal nerves form the cervical plexus?
The ventral rami of C1-C5
What does the cervical plexus innervate?
From it the sensory and motor branches arise innervating the skin and muscles of the neck
What are the strap muscles?
Also called the infrahyoid muscles, they are the muscles which attach inferiorly to the hyoid bone. They are; the sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid and thyrohyoid muscles
What are the suprahyoid muscles?
The muscles which attach superiorly to the hyoid bone. They are; the digastrics, the geniohyoid, the stylohyoid and the mylohyoid muscles
