Anatomy & Physiology - Nose/Sinus Flashcards
Give some functions of the nose
Respiration, filtration, air preparation, olfaction
Describe the mucosa of nasal cavity
ciliated columnar, squamo-columnar junction, nasal hair in vestibule
What makes up the external nose?
The dorsum ((bridge) runs from the root to the tip), nasal bones, frontal processes of the maxillae, nasal[ part of frontal bones, 1/3 is bone, 2/3 are cartilangenous
Describe the cartilage of the nose
septal, two laterals and two alar
What forms the midline partition of the internal nose?
Septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, vomer
What can cause septal deviation?
Traum, congenital abnormalilty
Describe the lateral walls, roof and floor of the internal nose
Lateral walls - turbinates - superior, middle, inferior
Roof - cribriform plate
Floor - hard palate
What is the blood supply to the nose?
Sphenopalatine (maxillary branch of ECA), greater palatine, ascending labial, ethmoids (from ICA).
Capillary plexus formed on mucosal lining of the septum by these arteries = Little’s area
What is the clinical term for a nosebleed
Epistaxis
Describe the nervous supply to the nasopharynx
Fibres from the olfactory nerve in the neuro-olfactory epithelium
Infraorbital nerve - branch of CN V
Describe the sinuses
Air filled cavities, have a continuous muco-ciliary lining with the nose
Name the sinuses of the face
Frontal, ethmoid, maxillary, sphenoidal
Describe the drainage of the facial sinuses
frontonasal duct - to MM middle/anterior - to MM maxillary - to MM posterior ethmoids - to SM nasolacrimal duct - to IM
What are the key dangers related to nasal injury or infection?
Intracranial sepsis (emissary veins), CSF leak, damage to orbit/optic nerve/ICA
Give the boundaries of the nasopharynx
Chona, sphenoid sinuses, prevertebral fascia and muscle, soft palate
