Anatomy - Oral Cavity

Question 1

What are the 2 divisions of the oral cavity?

Answer 1

The vestibule and the mouth cavity proper

Question 2

What is the vestibule?

Answer 2

The space between the lips/cheeks and the gums/teeth

Question 3

The diameter of the oral fissure is controlled by the muscles of facial expression, principally the…

Answer 3

Obicularis oris

Question 4

Opposite the seconds molar tooth, the duct of what gland opens into the vestibule?

Answer 4

Parotid

Question 5

What comprises the roof of the mouth proper?

Answer 5

Hard and soft palates

Question 6

Is the hard or soft palate found anteriorly?

Answer 6

Hard is anterior

Question 7

Describe the soft palate

Answer 7

Posterior continuation of hard palate
A muscular structure
Acts as a valve that can lower to close the oropharyngeal isthmus and elevate to separate the nasopharynx from oropharynx

Question 8

What does the floor of the oral cavity consist of?

Answer 8

Tongue
Geniohyoid muscles - pull larynx forward during swallowing
Muscular diaphragm- the bilateral mylohyoid muscles (structural support and pulls larynx forward during swallowing)
Salivary glands and ducts

Question 9

What connects the tongue to the floor of oral cavity?

Answer 9

Frenulum - a fold of oral mucosa

Question 10

The cheeks are formed by what muscle?

Answer 10

Buccinator

Question 11

What is the role of buccinator muscle?

Answer 11

Contracts to keep food between teeth when chewing

Question 12

The tongue has extrinsic and intrinsic muscles. What does this mean?

Answer 12

Extrinsic - insert into tongue

Intrinsic - shape the tongue

Question 13

What muscles make up the intrinsic tongue?

Answer 13

Superior longitudinal
Transverse
Vertical
Inferior longitudinal

Question 14

What is the motor innervation for the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 14

Hypoglossal nerve CN XII

Question 15

How many extrinsic tongue muscles are there?

Answer 15

4

Question 16

What are the extrinsic tongue muscles?

Answer 16

Genioglossus
Hypoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus

Question 17

What is the role of the styloglossus muscle?

Answer 17

Retraction and tongue elevation

Question 18

What is the motor innervation of genioglossus, hypoglossus and styloglossus?

Answer 18

Hypoglossal nerve CNXII

Question 19

What is the motor innervation for palatoglossus?

Answer 19

Vagus nerve (pharyngeal branch)

Question 20

What is the role of palatoglossus?

Answer 20

Initiates swallow by elevating tongue and lowering soft palate of mouth

Question 21

What supplies general sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue?

Answer 21

Trigeminal nerve - lingual branch of mandibular division

Question 22

What supplies taste sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue?

Answer 22

Facial nerve - specifically the chorda tympani branch

Question 23

What nerve supplies both general sensation and special sensation (taste) to posterior 1/3 or tongue?

Answer 23

Glossopharyngeal nerve CNIX (lingual branch)

Question 24

What are the salivary glands?

Answer 24

Sunbmandibular
Sublingual
Parotid

Question 25

The submandibular gland hooks around which muscle?

Answer 25

Mylohyoid muscle

Question 26

What are the submandibular ducts called?

Answer 26

Wharton’s ducts

Question 27

Where do the submandibular ducts open?

Answer 27

Under the tongue, at the base of the lingual frenulum bilaterally

Question 28

What type of saliva does the parotid gland produce?

Answer 28

Serous saliva - watery and rich in enzymes

Lubricates and breaks down food

Question 29

The deep and superficial loves of the parotid gland are divided by which nerve?

Answer 29

Facial nerve

Question 30

The secretions from parotid gland are transported via what duct?

Answer 30

Stensen duct - transverses the masseter muscle, then pierces the buccinator

Question 31

Where does the parotid Stensen duct open in the oral cavity?

Answer 31

Near the second upper molar

Question 32

What artery ascends through the parotid gland?

Answer 32

External carotid artery - within the gland it gives rise to the posterior auricular artery

Question 33

Sensory innervation to the parotid gland is supplied by…

Answer 33

The auriculotemporal nerve (branch of mandibular nerve)

The great auricular nerve supplies the fascia of the gland

Question 34

What supplies the parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?

Answer 34

Glossopharyngeal nerve

This synapses with otic ganglion, the auriculotemporal nerve then carries parasympathetic fibres to parotid gland

Question 35

What supplies parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands?

Answer 35

Facial nerve - the chorda tympani unifies with the lingual branch of the mandibular nerve before synapsing at the submandibular ganglion. Post ganglionic innervation consists of secretory motor fibres which directly induce gland to produce secretions

Question 36

What are the smallest of the 3 paired glands?

Answer 36

Sublingual glands

And most deeply situated

Question 37

What type of secretions do the sublingual glands produce and how much?

Answer 37

Mixed - predominantly mucus in nature

Contribute 3-5% of overall salivary volume

Question 38

Where are the sublingual glands located?

Answer 38

Lie on floor of oral cavity, under tongue

Multiple ducts release the saliva

Question 39

What type of secretions do the submandibular glands produce?

Answer 39

Mixed serous and mucus

Question 40

The parotid gland lies anterior to what and lateral to what?

Answer 40

Anterior to pinna

Lateral to ramus of mandible

Question 41

What is one of the most serious risks from parotid surgery?

Answer 41

Facial nerve palsy

Question 42

80% of salivary gland neoplasms occur in which gland?

Answer 42

Parotid

Question 43

Infections in the submandibular gland are how many times more common than in the parotid ?

Answer 43

9x