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ENT (Throat) > Anatomy - Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx > Flashcards

Anatomy - Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx Flashcards

1
Q

The nasopharynx is found between…

A

The base of the skull and the soft palate

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2
Q

The nasopharynx is lined by…

A

Respiratory epithelium - ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

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3
Q

The posterior superior nasopharynx contains …

A

The adenoid tonsils - enlarge between 3 to 8 years then regress

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4
Q

What is posterior to the nasopharynx?

A

C1, C2 vertebrae

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5
Q

What is the oropharynx located between?

A

Soft palate

Superior boarder of the epiglottis

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6
Q

What is posterior to the oropharynx?

A

C2, C3

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7
Q

What does the oropharynx contain?

A

Posterior 1/3 of tongue
Palatine tonsils
Lingual tonsils - lymphoid tissue at base of tongue

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8
Q

Where are the palatine tonsils located?

A

Between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

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9
Q

What is another name for the adenoids?

A

Pharyngeal tonsils

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10
Q

What is Waldeyer’s ring?

A

Ring of lymphoid tissue in naso and oropharynx

Formed by paired palatine tonsils, adenoid tonsils, lingual tonsil

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11
Q

What is the laryngopharynx located between?

A

Superior epiglottis to inferior boarder of cricoid cartilage (start of the eosophagus)

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12
Q

What is anterior to the laryngopharynx?

A

Larynx

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13
Q

The laryngopharynx communicates to the larynx via…

A

The laryngeal inlet, lateral to which = pisiform fossae

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14
Q

What are the 2 main groups of pharyngeal muscles?

A

Longitudinal

Circular

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15
Q

What do the 3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx do?

A

Elevate pharynx and larynx during swallowing

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16
Q

What are the 3 longitudinal muscles called?

A

Stylopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus

17
Q

What innervates stylopharyngeus?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

18
Q

What innervates the pharyngeal muscles ? (Except stylopharyngeus)

A

Vagus nerve

19
Q

What does salpingopharyngeus arise from?

A

Eustachian tube and inserts into pharynx

20
Q

What are the 3 circular pharyngeal constrictors called?

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

21
Q

What is the role of the circular pharyngeal constrictors?

A

They contract sequentially to constrict the lumen and propel the food bolus into oesophagus

22
Q

The inferior pharyngeal constrictor has 2 parts called…

A

Thyropharyngeal

Cricopharyngeal

23
Q

What is the point of weakness between the 2 parts of the inferior pharyngeal muscle called?

A

Killian’s dehiscence

ENT (Throat) (20 decks)

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