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Renal System Test Block 2 > Anatomy of Urinary Tract > Flashcards

Anatomy of Urinary Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the kidneys located?

A

Retroperitoneal space

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2
Q

Kidneys are located between vertebrates…

A

T12 and L3

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3
Q

What are the retroperitoneal organs?

A

SAD PUKER
S- suprarenal
A-aorta
D-duodenum
P-pancreas
U-ureter
C-colon
K-kidneys
E-esophagus
R-rectum

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4
Q

Kidney’s are surrounded by 3 connective tissue…

What are those 3 connective tissue?

A

Renal Fascia( Fascia de Gerota)
Adipose Capsule (Fat layer)
Renal Capsule (Suprarenal gland or adrenal gland)

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5
Q

What are the function of each 3 connective tissue layer?

A

Renal Fascia- Protection(dense CT)
Adipose Capsule- cushioning kidney’s
Renal Capsule- Protection of trauma to kidney or any infection (fibrous sac made of dense CT)

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6
Q

Renal Parenchyma consists of…

A

cortex region(outer cortex and jucta cortex) and medulla region(has renal pyramids)

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7
Q

Hilus is formed of….

A

renal arteries
renal veins
lymphatics
renal pelvis
renal nerves

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8
Q

Renal Pelvis

A

consists of the union of minor calyx and union of mayor calyx. Has direct connection to the ureter

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9
Q

What else can you find in the hilium region?

A

Adipose fat

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10
Q

Major/minor calyx and renal pelvis drain into…

A

drain urine into the ureter

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11
Q

Renal Artery

Rises from…

A

lateral branch of the abdominal aorta

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12
Q

Renal Artery divides into…

A

Right and Left renal artery.
Right=is longer and passes posteriorly to inferior vena cava
Left=arises higher than the right

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13
Q

When each renal artery approaches the hilium , it divides into…

A

posterior and anterior branches

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14
Q

Posterior and Anterior branches of renal arteries supply…

A

renal parenchyma

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15
Q

Posterior and Anterior branches of renal arteries now divide into…

A

segmental arteries (5)
1. Superior apical Segmental artery
2. Anterior Superior Segmental artery
3.Anterior Inferior Segmental artery
4.Posterior Segmental artery
5.Inferior Segmental artery

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16
Q

Segmental arteries branch out into…

A

interlobar arteries

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17
Q

interlobar arteries arise from…

A

medulla portion
but… can also reach part of the cortex(face renal pyramids)

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18
Q

Interlobar arteries branch into…

A

arcuate arteries

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19
Q

arcuate arteries arise from…

A

junction of the cortex and medulla region

20
Q

arcuate arteries now branch into…

A

cortical (interlobular) arteries

21
Q

cortical (interlobular) arteries reach…

A

afferent arterioles

22
Q

Renal veins divide into…

A

Right Renal Vein and Left Renal Vein

23
Q

Renal veins are located anteriorly to….

A

arteries

24
Q

Blood Supply to Kidney will be provided by…

A

Renal arteries

25
Q

Bladder will be supplied mainly by…

A

Superior vesical arteries and inferior vesical arteries

26
Q

Superior vesical arteries and inferior vesical arteries are derived from …

A

internal illiac artery and supplemented by obturator and gluteal arteries

27
Q

Females contain additional branches/vesicles because….

A

they are part of the uterine and vaginal artery branches

28
Q

Lymphatic capillaries form…

A

plexus

29
Q

Lympatic plexus divide into 3…

A

around renal tubules,under renal capsule and in perirenal fat

30
Q

Lymphatic plexus will be located in…
what layer ?

A

adventitia layer

31
Q

Kidney innervation is through….

A

Sympathetic innervation

32
Q

Sympathetic innervation to Kidney starts…

A

T10-L2

33
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to Kidney starts in…

A

S2-S4

34
Q

Part of the efferent messages in innervation will be transmitted through… what nerve?

A

Vagus Nerve

35
Q

What does Sympathetic innervation do to the bladder?

A

Fills up the bladder

36
Q

What does Parasympathetic innervation do to the bladder?

A

Relaxes/empties bladder

37
Q

Ureters are…

A

muscular tubules that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

38
Q

Narrowest parts of ureter consist on 3 portions…

A

First constriction: uteropelvic junction
Second constriction: pelvic inlet(contain illiac arteries)
Third constriction: entrance to urinary bladder

39
Q

Narrowst parts of ureter are common places for…

A

Renal Stones

40
Q

Men ureter passes posteriorly to…

A

testicular arteries and ductus deferens

41
Q

Blood supply to men ureter has different branches….

A

Renal branch
Gonadal branch
Common illiac branch
Superior vesical branch

42
Q

Women ureter passes under…

A

uterine artery

43
Q

Women urethra is associated with…

A

2 para urethral mucous glands known as SKENE’s Glands

44
Q

Men urethra divides into…

A

prostatic, membranous and spongy

45
Q

Men vs Women urethra… measurement?

A

Women urethra=4cm (short)
Men urethra= 20cm (long)

Renal System Test Block 2 (4 decks)

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