Anatomy of Urinary Tract

Question 1

Where are the kidneys located?

Answer 1

Retroperitoneal space

Question 2

Kidneys are located between vertebrates…

Answer 2

T12 and L3

Question 3

What are the retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 3

SAD PUKER
S- suprarenal
A-aorta
D-duodenum
P-pancreas
U-ureter
C-colon
K-kidneys
E-esophagus
R-rectum

Question 4

Kidney’s are surrounded by 3 connective tissue…

What are those 3 connective tissue?

Answer 4

Renal Fascia( Fascia de Gerota)
Adipose Capsule (Fat layer)
Renal Capsule (Suprarenal gland or adrenal gland)

Question 5

What are the function of each 3 connective tissue layer?

Answer 5

Renal Fascia- Protection(dense CT)
Adipose Capsule- cushioning kidney’s
Renal Capsule- Protection of trauma to kidney or any infection (fibrous sac made of dense CT)

Question 6

Renal Parenchyma consists of…

Answer 6

cortex region(outer cortex and jucta cortex) and medulla region(has renal pyramids)

Question 7

Hilus is formed of….

Answer 7

renal arteries
renal veins
lymphatics
renal pelvis
renal nerves

Question 8

Renal Pelvis

Answer 8

consists of the union of minor calyx and union of mayor calyx. Has direct connection to the ureter

Question 9

What else can you find in the hilium region?

Answer 9

Adipose fat

Question 10

Major/minor calyx and renal pelvis drain into…

Answer 10

drain urine into the ureter

Question 11

Renal Artery

Rises from…

Answer 11

lateral branch of the abdominal aorta

Question 12

Renal Artery divides into…

Answer 12

Right and Left renal artery.
Right=is longer and passes posteriorly to inferior vena cava
Left=arises higher than the right

Question 13

When each renal artery approaches the hilium , it divides into…

Answer 13

posterior and anterior branches

Question 14

Posterior and Anterior branches of renal arteries supply…

Answer 14

renal parenchyma

Question 15

Posterior and Anterior branches of renal arteries now divide into…

Answer 15

segmental arteries (5)
1. Superior apical Segmental artery
2. Anterior Superior Segmental artery
3.Anterior Inferior Segmental artery
4.Posterior Segmental artery
5.Inferior Segmental artery

Question 16

Segmental arteries branch out into…

Answer 16

interlobar arteries

Question 17

interlobar arteries arise from…

Answer 17

medulla portion
but… can also reach part of the cortex(face renal pyramids)

Question 18

Interlobar arteries branch into…

Answer 18

arcuate arteries

Question 19

arcuate arteries arise from…

Answer 19

junction of the cortex and medulla region

Question 20

arcuate arteries now branch into…

Answer 20

cortical (interlobular) arteries

Question 21

cortical (interlobular) arteries reach…

Answer 21

afferent arterioles

Question 22

Renal veins divide into…

Answer 22

Right Renal Vein and Left Renal Vein

Question 23

Renal veins are located anteriorly to….

Answer 23

arteries

Question 24

Blood Supply to Kidney will be provided by…

Answer 24

Renal arteries

Question 25

Bladder will be supplied mainly by...

Answer 25

Superior vesical arteries and inferior vesical arteries

Question 26

Superior vesical arteries and inferior vesical arteries are derived from ...

Answer 26

internal illiac artery and supplemented by obturator and gluteal arteries

Question 27

Females contain additional branches/vesicles because....

Answer 27

they are part of the uterine and vaginal artery branches

Question 28

Lymphatic capillaries form...

Answer 28

plexus

Question 29

Lympatic plexus divide into 3...

Answer 29

around renal tubules,under renal capsule and in perirenal fat

Question 30

Lymphatic plexus will be located in... what layer ?

Answer 30

adventitia layer

Question 31

Kidney innervation is through....

Answer 31

Sympathetic innervation

Question 32

Sympathetic innervation to Kidney starts...

Answer 32

T10-L2

Question 33

Parasympathetic innervation to Kidney starts in...

Answer 33

S2-S4

Question 34

Part of the efferent messages in innervation will be transmitted through... what nerve?

Answer 34

Vagus Nerve

Question 35

What does Sympathetic innervation do to the bladder?

Answer 35

Fills up the bladder

Question 36

What does Parasympathetic innervation do to the bladder?

Answer 36

Relaxes/empties bladder

Question 37

Ureters are...

Answer 37

muscular tubules that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 38

Narrowest parts of ureter consist on 3 portions...

Answer 38

First constriction: uteropelvic junction Second constriction: pelvic inlet(contain illiac arteries) Third constriction: entrance to urinary bladder

Question 39

Narrowst parts of ureter are common places for...

Answer 39

Renal Stones

Question 40

Men ureter passes posteriorly to...

Answer 40

testicular arteries and ductus deferens

Question 41

Blood supply to men ureter has different branches....

Answer 41

Renal branch Gonadal branch Common illiac branch Superior vesical branch

Question 42

Women ureter passes under...

Answer 42

uterine artery

Question 43

Women urethra is associated with...

Answer 43

2 para urethral mucous glands known as SKENE's Glands

Question 44

Men urethra divides into...

Answer 44

prostatic, membranous and spongy

Question 45

Men vs Women urethra... measurement?

Answer 45

Women urethra=4cm (short) Men urethra= 20cm (long)