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MSK > Anatomy of the shoulder and pectoral region > Flashcards

Anatomy of the shoulder and pectoral region Flashcards

1
Q

Rotator cuff muscle

A

SITS S: supraspinatus I: Infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapular

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2
Q

supraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

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3
Q

subclavius action

A

anchors and depresses clavicle

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4
Q

label the following:

A
  1. Pactoralis major
  2. Clavicle
  3. Sternal end of clavicle
  4. Acromial end of clavicle
  5. Acromion
  6. Coracoid process
  7. Lesser tuberosity of humerus
  8. Bicipital groove
  9. Greater tuberosity of the humerus
  10. Cephalic vein
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5
Q

latissimus dorsi innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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6
Q

Name the muscle:

A

Pectoralis major

Origin (proximal attachment): clavicle, superior six costal cartilages.

Insertion (distal attachment): Intertuberculargroove of humerus.

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7
Q

trapezius action

A

rotate the scapula for full abduction, elevate the shoulder, retract the shoulder and draw scapula downward

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8
Q

levator scapulae action

A

elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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9
Q

ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE SUPPORTS THE SHOULDER JOINT The inferior part of the joint capsule, the only part not reinforced by the rotator cuff muscles, is its weakest area

A

xxxx

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10
Q

Name the muscle

A

DELTOID

Origin: lateral third of clavicle, superior surface of the acromion, and spine of the scapula.

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity

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11
Q

common site for humerus fracture

A

surgical neck

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12
Q

the glenoid cavity is deepened by the

A

fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum and accepts little more than a 1/3 of the humeral head.

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13
Q

Name the muscle

A

TRAPEZIUS

Origin: external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7 & T1-T12.

Insertion: posterior border of the lateral third of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine.

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14
Q

latissimus dorsi action

A

extend, adduct, and medially rotates the humerus

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15
Q

Name the muscle

A

RHOMBOID MINOR AND MAJOR

Origin: spinous processes of C7 –T5

Insertion: medial border of scapula.

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16
Q

nerve supply of acromioclavicular joint

A

lateral pectoral and axillary nerves

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17
Q

which is more serious anterior or posterior dislocation of the clavicle?

A

posterior dislocation is more dangerous since it compresses the vessels

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18
Q

Name the muscle

A

SUPRASPINATUS

Origin : supraspinatus fossa

Insertion: greater tubercle.

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19
Q

subscapular action

A

medially rotate and adduct arm

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20
Q

teres minor innervation

A

axillary

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21
Q

Label the following:

A
  1. Acromion
  2. Anatomical neck
  3. Clavicle
  4. Coracoid process of scapula
  5. Glenoid fossa
  6. Greater tubercle
  7. Head of humerus
  8. Lesser tubercle
  9. Scapula
  10. Surgical neck
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22
Q

subscapular innervation

A

upper and lower subscapular

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23
Q

Arm

A

From shoulder joint to elbow

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24
Q

Pectoral girdle

A

is a bony ring, incomplete posteriorly, formed by the scapular and clavicle and completed anteriorly by the manubrium of the sternum

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25
Q

rhomboid major and minor function

A

retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall

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26
Q

blood supply of acromioclavicular joint

A

suprascapular and thoracoacromial arteries

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27
Q

pectoralis major Innervation

A

lateral &medial pectoral nerves

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28
Q

rhomboid major and minor innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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29
Q

How can you dislocate the acromioclavicular joint ?

A

falling laterally on shoulder

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30
Q

Name the muscles

A

Rotator cuff muscles

SITS

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31
Q

axioappendicular muscle consists of (anterior) (4)

A
  1. pectoralis major 2. pectoralis minor 3. subclavius 4. serratus anterior
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32
Q

serratus anterior action

A

protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall, rotates scapula. Called BOXER’S muscle

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33
Q

Clavicle

A

transmits shocks from the UL to the axial skeleton

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34
Q

Name the muscle

A

TERES MAJOR

Origin:scapula

Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus.

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35
Q

deltoid action

A

abduct the arm with supraspinatus, medial and lateral rotation

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36
Q

nerve supply by sternoclavicular joint

A

supraclavicular nerve and nerve to subclavius

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37
Q

What is shoulder separation?

A

dislocation & lesion of AC

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38
Q

Name the muscle

A

LEVATOR SCAPULAE

Origin: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae.

Insertion: medial border of scapula superior to root of spine.

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39
Q

Identify each condition:

A
  1. Acromial fracture
  2. Coracoid process fracture
  3. Scapular body fracture
  4. Glenoid fracture
  5. Scapular winging
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40
Q

Joint capsule is strengthened by (acromioclavicular joint)

A
  1. fibers of the trapezius 2. superior and inferioracromioclavicular ligament 3. accessory ligament coracoclavicular ligament.
41
Q

Which is more common dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint or the sternoclavicular?

A

acromioclavicular

42
Q

teres major innervation

A

lower subscapular

43
Q

pectoralis minor function

A

stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

44
Q

scapula lies on

A

posterolateral aspect of the thorax

45
Q

shoulder joint (type of joint)

A

synovial ball &socket articulation between the head of the humerus and glenoid cavity of the scapula. Both articulation surfaces are covered with HYALINE CARTILAGE.

46
Q

joints of pectoral girdle

A
  1. sternoclavicular 2. acromioclavicular 3. glenohumeral
47
Q

What happens in paralysis of serratus anterior??

A
  • can be paralyzed due to injury to the long thoracic nerve - The medial border of the scapula moves laterally and posteriorly away from the thoracic wall, giving the scapula the appearance of a wing
48
Q

Name the muscle

A

SERRATUS ANTERIOR

Origin: lateral parts of 1st-8thribs.

Insertion: anterior surface of the medial border of scapula.

49
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular

50
Q

The fibrous capsule surround the glenohumeral joint and is attached medially to the margin of the glenoid cavity and laterally to the anatomical neck of the humerus.

A

xxxx

51
Q

blood supply to sternoclavicular joint

A

internal thoracic and suprascapular

52
Q

supraspinatus function

A

initiates abduction, lateral rotator of humerus

53
Q

humerus articulates with the scapula at the

A

glenohumeral joint

54
Q

Name the muscle

A

LATISSIMUS DORSI

Origin : aponeurosisof thoracolumberfascia, spinousprocesses of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, iliac crest.

Insertion : intertuberculargroove of humerus

55
Q

teres major action

A

adduct and medially rotates

56
Q

label the following:

A

A. superior border

B. Medial border

C. lateral border

D. superior angle

E. Glenoid

F. Suprascapular fossa

G. inferior angle

H. Surgical neck

I. Lesser tuberosity

J. Greater tuberosity

57
Q

Clavicle offers protection to the

A

neurovascular bundle supplying the upper limb

58
Q

Fractures of the clavicle

A
  1. clavicle shaft fracture (most common) 2. posterior fracture/ dislocation of sternoclavicular joint 3. distal clavicle fracture, ligaments disrupted *weakest point of clavicle is between medial ⅔ & lateral ⅓ (where the ‘S’ is)
59
Q

Name the muscle

A

Subclavius

Origin: 1strib .

Insertion: inferior surface of the clavicle.

60
Q

sternoclavicular joint (type of joint)

A

synovial joint, saddle but functions as a ball and socket joint

61
Q

label the following:

A
  1. Trapizius
  2. Rhomboid major
  3. Infraspinatus
  4. Teres minor
  5. Teres major
  6. Latissimus dorsi
  7. Spine of scapula
  8. Deltoid
62
Q

label the following:

A

A. sternoclavicular

B. Acromioclavicular

C. Glenohumeral

63
Q

pectoralis major function

A

adduct and medially rotates humerus

64
Q

humerus articulates with the radius and ulna at the

A

elbow joint

65
Q

Name the injury

A
  1. Rotator cuff tendinitis
  2. Partial rotator cuff tear
  3. Partial rotator cuff tear and Subacromialbursitis
  4. Calcific tendonitis
66
Q

scapula has 3 borders, and they are:

A
  1. vertebral (medial) 2. Axillary (lateral) 3. superior
67
Q

axioappendicular muscle consists of (posterior) Exterior shoulder (4) & interior shoulder (5)

A

Exterior shoulder 1. Trapezius 2. levator scapulae 3. latissimus dorsi 4. rhomboid Interior shoulder 1. deltoid 2. supraspinatus 3. infraspinatus 4. teres minor 5. teres major

68
Q

trapezius innervation

A

accessory nerve

69
Q

subclavius Innervation

A

nerve to subclavius

70
Q

serratus anterior Innervation

A

long thoracic nerve

71
Q

Name the muscle

A

Pectoralis minor

Origin: 3rd-5thribs .

Insertion: coracoid process of scapula.

72
Q

label the following:

A

A. clavicle

B. Acromioclavicular

C. acromion

D. shaft of the humerus

E. Infraspinous fossa

F. spine of the scapula

G. Supraspinatus fossa

73
Q

pectoralis minor Innervation

A

medial pectoral nerve

74
Q

Forearm

A

Elbow to wrist

75
Q

levator scapulae innervation

A

dorsal scapular and cervical nerves

76
Q

sternoclavicular joint divided into 2 compartments by an

A

articular disk (which serves as shock asborber)

77
Q

Name the muscle

A

INFRASPINATUS & TERES MINOR

Origin: Infraspinatusfossa (infraspinatus), posterolateralsurface of scapula scapula (teresminor).

Insertion: greater tubercle.

78
Q

sternoclavicular joint strengthened by

A

anterior & posterior sternoclavicular ligament and interclavicular ligament

79
Q

acromioclavicular joint (type of joint)

A

plane synovial joint, the articular surface is covered with FIBROCARTILAGE

80
Q

Upper limb is connected to the axial skeleton via

A

pectoral girdle (+bones of the free part of UL form the superior appendicular skeleton)

81
Q

Name the muscle

A

SUBSCAPULARIS

Origin : subscapular fossa.

Insertion: lesser tubercle.

82
Q

Label the following:

A
  1. Glenoid Labrum
  2. Biceps tendon
  3. Synovial membrane
  4. Glenoid articular cartilage
83
Q

Infraspinatus & teres minor action

A

laterally rotate arm

84
Q

deltoid innervation

A

axillary nerve

85
Q

label the following:

A
86
Q

label the following:

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87
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98
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99
Q

label the following:

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MSK (8 decks)

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