Anatomy of Axilla & Arm

Question 1

posterior wall of apex border

Answer 1

subscapula

Question 2

branches of third part: (3)

Answer 2

1-Subscapular, which divides into two arteries that go to the back and supply the muscles of the scapular region -subscapular branches into thoracodorsal + circumflex scapular 2/3-posterior / anterior circumflex that pass around the surgical neck

Question 3

axillary artery is continuous to

Answer 3

subclavian artery

Question 4

coracobrachialis action

Answer 4

flexes arm in all positions

Question 5

anastomosis of scapula between:

Answer 5

circumflex scapular and transverse cervical ( a branch of thyrocervical)

Question 6

apex/superiorly of axillary boundary

Answer 6

cervico-axillary canal

Question 7

axillary sheath surrounds

Answer 7

cords + axillary vein + axillary artery

Question 8

Lymphatic vessels ascending with cephalic vein will terminate in the

Answer 8

apical axillary lymph nodes

Question 9

fracture of shaft

Answer 9

damage radial nerve

Question 10

wounds in the axilla often involve the axillary vein bc of:

Answer 10

large size and its anterior position in relation to the aixllary artery

Question 11

lateral wall of apex border

Answer 11

intertubercular sulcus

Question 12

Quadrilateral space syndrome (QSS)

Answer 12

happens when the axillary nerve is compressed, or injured in the back of the shoulder.

Sometimes the symptoms are caused by the compression of an artery in the same area

Usually happens from overuse, especially with overhead sports like throwing and swimming.

The syndrome can also be caused by an injury, like a shoulder dislocation.

Question 13

apical nodes obstruct

Answer 13

cephalic vein

Question 14

supracondylar fracture

Answer 14

damage median nerve

Question 15

brachialis innervation

Answer 15

(ANTERIOR)

musculocutaneous

Question 16

branches of First Part: (1)

Answer 16

Superior Thoracic, supplying all the intercostal muscles of the first and second intercostal ribs.

Question 17

Biceps function

Answer 17

(ANTERIOR) Function: supinates forearm and, when it is supine, flexes forearm, short head resists dislocation of shoulder.

Question 18

pathway of lymph node drainage

Answer 18

1. humeral + pectoral + subscapular drain into
2. central nodes, which drain into
3. apical nodes that drain into
4. supraclavicular nodes
5. and continues to venous drainage

Question 19

label the following

Answer 19

1- Acromioclavicular joint

2- Acromion

5- Axillary artery and vein

8- Biceps brachii tendon

9- Clavicle

10- Coracobrachialis

11- Coracoclavicular ligament

15- Deltoid muscle

16- Gleniod

17- Glenoid labrum

19- head of humerus

20- Humerus

23- Infraspinatus muscle

26- Pectoralis minor

31- Spine of scapula

32- Subscapularis

36- Supraspinatus muscle

Question 20

medial + lateral intermuscular septum divides arm into

Answer 20

Anterior + posterior

Question 21

anterior wall of axillary boundary

Answer 21

pect. major + minor

Question 22

Name the muscle

Answer 22

triceps

Origin: long head ; infraglenoidtubercle, lateral head; humerussuperior to radial groove, medial; humerusinferior to radial groove.

Insertion: olecranon of ulna.

Question 23

conditions associated with biceps tendon

Answer 23

Biceps tendinitis

Dislocation of the tendon of the long head of biceps

Torn long head of the biceps

Question 24

fracture of surgical neck

Answer 24

damage axillary nerve (loss of abduction bc deltoid will be affected)

Question 25

triceps action

Answer 25

extends the forearm

Question 26

2nd part of axillary artery is

Answer 26

posterior of pect. minor

Question 27

fracture of medial epicondyle

Answer 27

damage ulnar nerve (results in severe numbness in the fingers)

Question 28

medial wall of apex border

Answer 28

serratus anterior

Question 29

fracture of surgical neck

Answer 29

damage axillary nerve (loss of abduction bc deltoid will be affected)

Question 30

anconeus action

Answer 30

(POSTERIOR) assists triceps in extending forearm, stabilizes elbow joint and abduct ulna during pronation.

Question 31

Lymphatic vessels ascending with basilic vein will terminate in the

Answer 31

humeral axillary lymph nodes

Question 32

3rd part of axillary artery

Answer 32

inferior of pect minor to lower border of teres major

Question 33

axillary vein is formed by the union of

Answer 33

brachial vein (Deep) and the basilic vein (superficial) at the inferior border of teres major.

Question 34

inlet of axixlla

Answer 34

clavicle (ant) +1st rib (medially) + scapula (post)

Question 35

The axilla is the pyramidal space inferior to the ____________ and superior to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 35

glenohumeral joint axillary fascia at the junction of the arm and thorax

Question 36

triceps innervation

Answer 36

(POSTERIOR) ## Footnote radial nerve

Question 37

base of axillary boundary

Answer 37

skin + subcutaneous tissue + fascia

Question 38

anterior compartment of the arm is supplied and innervated by

Answer 38

musculocutaneous nerve and brachial artery

Question 39

branches of second part: (2)

Answer 39

Thoracoacromial, which as soon as it leaves the axillary area supplies the deltoid, pec major, pec minor, and the lateral thoracic

Question 40

label the following:

Answer 40

Question 41

anconeus innervation

Answer 41

(POSTERIOR) radial nerve

Question 42

quadrangular space (boundaries and what passes through it)

Answer 42

- Teres Minor superiorly - Long head of triceps medially - Large head of triceps and humerus laterally - Teres Major inferiorly The axillary nerve and posterior circumflex artery passes through this space to supply the posterior aspect of the muscles of that area.

Question 43

name the muscle

Answer 43

anconeus Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus. Insertion: lateral surface of olecranon.

Question 44

During axillary lymph node dissection, two nerves are in danger of injury

Answer 44

long thoracic & thoracodorsal

Question 45

brachialis action:

Answer 45

(ANTERIOR) flexes forearm in all positions.

Question 46

label the following:

Answer 46

Question 47

triangular interval (boundaries + what passes through it)

Answer 47

Lower triangle bound by the teres major and the two heads of the triceps includes the radial nerve to supply the posterior of the arm.

Question 48

triangular space (boundaries & what passes through it)

Answer 48

- Bounded by the teres major, teres minor, and long head of the triceps. Contains the circumflex scapular artery.

Question 49

label the following:

Answer 49

Question 50

Name the muscle

Answer 50

biceps Origin: short head coracoid, long head supraglenoidtubercle. Insertion: tuberosity of radius, bicipitalaponeurosis.

Question 51

name the muscle

Answer 51

brachialis Origin: distal half of humerus. Insertion: coronoid process & tuberosity of ulna.

Question 52

Biceps innervation

Answer 52

(ANTERIOR) musculocutaneous

Question 53

posterior compartment of the arm is supplied and innervated by

Answer 53

radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

Question 54

Name the muscle

Answer 54

coracobrachialis Origin: coronoid process of scapula. Insertion: middle third of medial surface of humerus.

Question 55

label the following:

Answer 55

Question 56

1st part of axillary artery b/w

Answer 56

1st rib to superior aspect of pect. minor

Question 57

label the following:

Answer 57

Question 58

coracobrachialis innervation

Answer 58

(ANTERIOR) ## Footnote musculocutaneous