Anatomy of the pelvis Flashcards
name for male + female reproductive glands
gonads
feature of pelvic cavity
- lies within the bony pelvis
- continuous with the abdominal cavity
pelvic inlet make up
made up of Illium, sacrum + pubic bone
Pelvic outlet anatomical construct
pelvic floor
features of pelvic floor
- layer of skeletal muscle
- separates pelvic cavity and perineum
3 opening in pelvic floor
- distal alimentary canal (rectum)
- renal tract (ureter)
- females - the vagina
- males - inguinal canal
Abdominopelvic cavity
- space in body where pelvic + abdominal cavity are situated
Parietal peritoneum
visceral layer lining the abdominal cavity
- continuous with the visceral peritoneum
visceral peritoneum
visceral layer surrounding organs within the abdominal cavity
- continuous with the parietal peritoneum
peritoneal cavity
- space between visceral and parietal peritoneum in abdominal cavity
- contains small volume of lubricating fluid
Pelvic roof constituents
- made up of parietal peritoneum that drapes over pelvic organs
- forms 2 pouches in females and 1 pouch in males
2 pouches in females caused by pelvic roof
anterior = vesicouterine pouch posterior = rectouterine pouch
features of vesicouterine pouch
- formed by parietal peritoneum draping over bladder and uterus
- excess fluid from haemorrhaging/ infection can collect here
pouch formed in males due to pelvic roof
- rectovesical pouch forms between the rectum and the bladder
3 parts of uterine tubes (from lateral to medial)
- infundibulum
- ampulla
- isthmus
finger like projections from the infundibulum
- fimbriae
function of fimbriae
- collect ova from peritoneal cavity (after being released by the ovary) and sweep towards infundibulum
3 layers of the uterus wall (superficial to deep)
- perimetrium
- myometrium
- endometrium
features of 3 layers of uterus
- perimetrium (outer layer of thin connective tissue)
- myometrium (layer of muscle + elastic fibres - cramps during menstruation occur due to contractions of myometrium
- endometrium (inner epithelial layer, shedding of the mucosa of endometrium = period blood)
Pathway of ova from release to menstruation/fertilisation
1) ova released from ovaries into peritoneal cavity
2) fimbriae sweep ovum into infundibulum
3) ovum moved from infundibulum to ampulla to isthmus by cilia
4) fertilisation - fertilisation usually take place in ampulla then zygote implanted into the posterior uterus wall
menstruation - ovum not fertilised and egg released by contractions of the myometrium
ectopic pregnancy definition
- ovum implants elsewhere in the body other than the uterus - cases of survival in peritoneal cavity - if implants in uterine tubes haemorrhaging likely
female sterilisation
- tubual ligation, both uterine tubes cut and sealed
Anatomical position of the penis
- erect
anatomical names for foreskin and japseye
- foreskin = prepuce
- japseye = urethra meatus
process of development of testes
- develop on posterior wall of abdominal cavity
- descend during development
- through inguinal canal so by birth in scrotum
production of sperm to prostate
- sperm produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes ( then 74 day maturation period)
- through the rete testes (spider web like structure)
- head of the epididymis
- tail of the epididymis
- vas deferens (part of spermatic chord)
- to prostate
smooth muscle around testes
- dartos muscle
used in temperature regulation of the testes
optimum temperature of seminiferous tubules
- 36 degrees - so kept out with core body, dartos muscle used to regulate temperature
constituents of spermatic chord
- vas deferens
- testicular artery
- pampiniform plexus of veins
vas deferens to ejaculation
- left + right vas deferens pass left/right seminal glands
- add seminal fluid, decrease viscosity of sperm
- pass through prostate
- into ureter
- out via ureter meatus
coronal section of the penis
- 3 cylinders, during an erection each cylinder fills with blood
