Anatomy of the male reproductive system Flashcards
How do testes move into position?
They start retro-peritoneally and take blood supply from anterior abdominal wall to perineum
Undescended testes = high cancer rates
Superficial three layers of scrotum and testes
Skin, Dartos muscle and Colle’s fascia
What is the cremasteric reflex?
In cold or upon stimulation, the cremaster muscle contracts to pull testes into the body
Middle layers surrounding scrotum and testes
External spermatic fascia, cremasteric muscle, internal spermatic fascia
Where do the epigastric arteries run?
Rectus sheath
Where does the cremasteric muscle originate?
Internal oblique
3 nerves in inguinal canal
Genitofemoral nerve, ilioinguinal and autonomic fibres
3 arteries in inguinal canal
Cremasteric artery, testicular artery and vas artery
3 other structures in inguinal canal
Vas, testicular veins and lymphatics
Origin of varicocele
Enlarged pampiniform plexus
Deep layers of scrotum (3)
- Parietal tunical vaginalis
- Visceral tunical vaginalis
- Tunica albuginea = white fibrous coat around testes
What is hydrocele?
Fluid in testes - diagnose by transillumination
testicular torsion
Twists on veins so fluid can’t leave testes = lots of pressure which can eventually block blood supply
- Contact neurologist
- If testis dies, immune response against it which can kill the other one
indirect hernia
Bowel through inguinal ring, inguinal canal and then superficial ring - lateral to epigastric arteries
Direct hernia
Direct protrusion of bowel through abdominal wall medial to epigastric vessels
Where is the true pelvis
The contents under a line drawn from pubic symphysis to s1
What is a vasectomy?
Snip vas
Vas’ join on posterior bladder
Sx of enlarged prostate
Elderly
dribbling and nocturia, incomplete emptying, retention
Why does prostate cancer spread to spine?
Venous drainage is connected to spine - Batson’s plexus
Why does hydrofoils indicate renal cancer?
One of the testicles drain to l renal vein
What is found in the deep pouch?
External urethral sphincter
Bulbourethral gland - lubricates urethra
Buck’s fascia
If urethra is ruptured in shaft of penis, urine is cough in this fascia
What happens if the urethra is ruptured behind Buck’s fascia
Urine passes up abdominal wall and into scrotum
Where does scrotum drain
Inguinal
