Anatomy of the gut tube

Question 1

The perimodial gut tube develops during which week?

Answer 1

4th week

Question 2

Embryologically, from which lining the perimodial gut tube is developed?

Answer 2

From the endoderm

Question 3

The perimodial gut tube is devided into three?

Answer 3

1-Foregut
2-Midgut
3-Hindgut

Question 4

What are the forgut structures?

Answer 4

1-Pharynx
2-Lower respirtory system
3-Esophagus
4-Stomach
5-Duodeunum-proximal to the opening of the bile duct
6-Liver
7-biliary apparatus( hepatic ducts, gallbladder, and bile duct and Pancreas)

Question 5

Which artery and vein suppy and driane the foregut?

Answer 5

The Celiac trunk and its branchs. And the Celiac Vein

Question 6

Which lymphatic drainage for the foregut?

Answer 6

celiac group of lymph nodes

Question 7

foregut pain is located in…/

Answer 7

upper part of abdemon pain

Question 8

midgut pain is located in..?

Answer 8

middle part of the abdemon

Question 9

hindgut pain is located in ….?

Answer 9

lower part of the abdemon

Question 10

What the three constrictions of the Esophagus?

Answer 10

1- Cervical (pharyngo-esophageal) constriction.

2-Thoracic (broncho-aortic) constriction.

3-Diaphragmatic constriction. It passes through the oesophageal hiatus of the daiphragm.

Question 11

Wha are the parts of the stomach?

Answer 11

1. Cardia
2. fundus
3. body
4. pyloric part

Question 12

What are the curvatures othe Stomach?

Answer 12

Lesser and Greater carvatures

Question 13

What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

Answer 13

Control discharge of stomach contents into the duodenum

Question 14

some defect/ pathology of the pyloric sphincter?

Answer 14

1. Children are born with congenital pyloric stenosis
2. Pyloric stenosis caused by ulcers.

Question 15

What are the structures that form the stomach bed?

Answer 15

1. Diaphragm
2. Spleen
3. Splenic artery
4. pancreas
5. transverse mesocolon and colon

Question 16

Where does the lesser sac or ommental bursae is found? and what will happen if there is infection of the stomach bed structures?

Answer 16

behind the stomach.

you get collection in the lasser sac or ommental bursae.

Question 17

Biliary ducts carry bile from what organ to what

Answer 17

Liver to gallbladder

Question 18

Where Bile is produced?

Answer 18

Bile is produced in the liver and stored and concentrated in the gall bladder

Question 19

How many ml of bile can the Gallbladder store?

Answer 19

50ml

Question 20

Which artery supply the Gallbladder? and why is it important?

Answer 20

the cystic artery—> which is a branch of the right hepatic artery. Important during surgical removal of the Gallbladder.

Question 21

Which triangle the cystic artery lies?

Answer 21

Cystic artery lies in the Triangle of calot (Triangle between common hepatic duct, cystic duct and visceral surface of liver)

Question 22

true of false: the pancreas is both exocrine and endocrine gland?

Answer 22

true

Question 23

Retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 23

SAD-PUCKER

Question 24

Accessory organs of GI tract?

Answer 24

1. Liver
2. Gallbladder
3. 4. Pancreas

Question 25

Which plane does the pancreas lies on, and vertebral levels?

Answer 25

Lies along the transpyloric plane(L1/L2)

Question 26

Mention the parts of the pancreas?

Answer 26

1. Head 2. neck 3. body 4. and tail

Question 27

important to remember where does the portal vein is formed?

Answer 27

•Portal vein is formed behind the neck of the pancreas

Question 28

What are the arteries that branches of the abdominal aorta and supply the GI?

Answer 28

1. Celiac trunk- T12 2. superior mesenteric artery -L1 3. inferior mesenteric artery - L3

Question 29

What are the main branches of the Celiac trunk?

Answer 29

1) **Left gastric artery** – runs along the lesser curvature of the stomach 2) **Hepatic artery** – supply liver and gallbladder 3) **Splenic artery** – Runs retroperitoneally along the superior (upper) margin of the pancreas

Question 30

What are the structures of the midgut?

Answer 30

1. distal duodenum 2. jejunum 3. Cecum 4. appendix 5. ascending colon 6. the right two third of the transverse colon

Question 31

What is **Duodenal Ulcer?**

Answer 31

**Duodenal Ulcer** - inflammatory erosions of the duodenal wall (mostly 1st part)

Question 32

What is the difference between jejunum and ileum in the living body?

Answer 32

Question 33

Blood supply to the midgut? Origin, relations, main branches and other branches?

Answer 33

**Superior mesenteric artery** **Origin**: Branch of abdominal aorta (L1) **Relations**: Crossed anteriorly by Splenic vein and neck of pancreas **Main branches**: Jejunal and ileal arteries **Other branches**: Middle colic, right colic and iliocoloic

Question 34

What are the Hindgut Structures?

Answer 34

1. Left one-third of transverse colon 2. descending colon, sigmoid colon 3. rectum 4. and upper part of anal canal 5. Epithelium of the urinary bladder and most of the urethra

Question 35

Blood supply to the hindgut?

Answer 35

**Inferior Mesenteric artery –** Artery of hindgut