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Neurology-Week 3 > Anatomy of the Ear > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Ear Flashcards

1
Q

Organ of balance; within the inner ear; consists of the Semicircular canals, Utricle and Saccule

A

Vestibular Apparatus

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2
Q

Part of Vestibular Apparatus; used for perception of ANGULAR acceleration (rotation of head)

A

Semicircular canals

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3
Q

Parts of Vestibular Apparatus; used for perception of LINEAR acceleration

A

Utricle & Saccule

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4
Q

The lateral 1/3rd of the External Acoustic Meatus is (bony/cartilaginous) and is lined with skin that produces cerumen (earwax)

A

Cartilaginous

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5
Q

The medial 2/3rds of the External Acoustic Meatus is (bony/cartilaginous) and is lined with skin that is continuous with the tympanic membrane

A

Bony

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6
Q

What three cranial nerves contribute to innervating the Auricle and Ear Canal

A

Trigeminal (V3)
Vagus (CN X)
Facial (CN VII)

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7
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates the central portion of the Auricle and the External Acoustic Meatus

A

Vagus (CN X)

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8
Q

Small opening in the posterior wall of the Middle Ear; leads to a cavity within the mastoid process

A

Auditus

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9
Q

The _____________ nerve passes through a bony canal along the posterior wall of the Middle Ear

A

Facial

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10
Q

A rounded hollow prominence of the medial Middle Ear covered by a nerve plexus; separates middle ear from the inner ear; has the tympanic plexus over it and two windows (oval and round)

A

Promontory

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11
Q

The Tympanic Plexus in the Middle Ear comes from which cranial nerve and therefore provides sensory innervation from middle ear/eustachian tube?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

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12
Q

Patients with middle ear infections feel the pain via what nerve?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (Tympanic Plexus)

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13
Q

What are the 3 ossicles of the Middle Ear (in order)

A

Malleus
Incus
Stapes

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14
Q

What are the 2 muscles in the Middle Ear that dampen movements of ossicles to lessen loud sound transmission in order to prevent damage?

A 
Tensor Tympani (at eardrum)
Stapedius (at stapes)
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15
Q

Muscle of Middle ear; innervated by Trigeminal (V3); lessens damage from loud sounds by “tensing” the eardrum via attaching to the Handle of the Malleus

A

Tensor Tympani

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16
Q

Muscle of the Middle Ear; innervated by the Facial nerve; dampens vibrations of the Stapes at the Oval Window

A

Stapedius

17
Q

Small branch of the Facial nerve that passes THROUGH the Middle Ear cavity on it’s way to the oral cavity; courses between the Malleus and Incus; Swelling and compression of this nerve during URIs can dampen taste

A

Chorda Tympani

18
Q

Central depression of the Tympanic Membrane

A

Umbo

19
Q

Reflection of light from the Otoscope at the anteroinferior portion of the Tympanic Membrane (due to the membrane’s orientation)

A

Cone of Light

20
Q

Thin portion of the Tympanic Membrane above the Handle of the Malleus

A

Pars Flaccida (flaccid)

21
Q

Thick portion of the Tympanic Membrane that makes the majority

A

Pars Tensa (tense)

22
Q

Contents of the Bony Labyrinth of the Inner Ear

A

Cochlea
Vestibule
Semicircular Canals

23
Q

The ____________________ labyrinth is a series of ducts/sacs suspended WITHIN the bony labyrinth and filled with _____________________

A

Membranous; endolymph (similar to intracellular fluid)

24
Q

The membranous labyrinth consists of what 3 inner ear apparati

A

Cochlear duct
Utricle/Saccule
Semicircular ducts

25
Q

Specialized structures within the Utricle and Saccule to detect LINEAR movements

A

Maculae (have hair cells)

26
Q

Signals detected by the Utricle, Saccule and Semicircular Ducts in the Inner Ear are conveyed via the ____________________ nerve

A

Vestibular (CN VIII)

27
Q

Swelling at the base of each semicircular duct; contains special sensory structures called crista

A

Ampulla

28
Q

Special sensory structure in the Ampulla of the Semicircular ducts; detects the movement of the surrounding endolymph during rotational movement of the head

A

Crista

29
Q

What chamber(s) of the Cochlea have perilymph

A

Scala Vestibuli

Scala Tympani

30
Q

What chamber(s) of the Cochlea has endolymph

A

Scala media (Cochlear duct)

31
Q

Membrane that separates the Scala Vestibuli and Cochlear Duct

A

Vestibular membrane

32
Q

Membrane that separates the Cochlear Duct and the Scala Tympani

A

Basilar membrane

33
Q

The Scala Vestibuli and Tympani are continuous at the tip of the Cochlea, called the…

A

Helicotrema

34
Q

Transmission of sound waves goes along the perilymph of _______ and displaces the (vestibular/basilar) membrane to manipulate the Organ of Corti within __________.

A

Basilar; scala media (cochlear duct)

35
Q

Nerve endings in the Organ of Corti transmits impulses to the CNS via _______ nerve

A

cochlear nerve (CN VIII)

36
Q

The pressure wave traveling through the scala tympani eventually dissipates into _______ via _______

A

tympanic cavity (middle ear); round window

Neurology-Week 3 (11 decks)

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