Anatomy of the CNS Flashcards
What is a slice from the left to the right?
Coronal
What is a slice from the anterior to the posterior?
Sagital
What is a slice horizontally?
Horizontal
What lobe is the primary somatosensory cortex, sensory association areas and wernickes area in?
Parietal lobe
What two parts of the cerebral cortex represent the body in the homunculus man?
The somatosensory cortex and the motor cortex
What lobe does the primary auditory cortex, auditory association area, limbic association cortex and the olfactory cortex belong to?
Temporal lobe
What does the occipital lobe control?
Sense of sight
What does the temporal lobe control?
Senses of smell and sound, as well as complex stimuli processing (eg. faces and senses)
What are the 4 lobes of the brain?
Frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal
What is the front of the brain anatomically termed?
Anterior
What three parts does the hindbrain include?
Pons, medulla oblongata and the cerebellum
Where is the 4th ventricle situated in the brain?
Behind the pons and medulla oblongata
What does the locus courcleus in pons contain?
Noradrenaline positive cells
Give the two areas of the rhombencephalon?
Metencephalon and myelencephalon
What is the prosencephalon?
Forebrain
What is the hindbrain called?
Rhombencephalon
What is the mesencephalon?
Midbrain
Where are myelinating glial cells made in a) the CNS and b) the PNS?
Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
What are in the pons/medulla contains the chemoreceptors trigger zone?
Postrema
In the midsagital part of the brain what connects the two hemispheres?
The corpus callosum
What in the diancephalon is involved in the endocrine function and homeostasis?
The hypothalamus
What is the frontal lobe in control of and want can damage to it lead to?
Conscious though and mood changes
What does the involuntary or autonomic NS control?
Heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, gut movements etc
What in the midbrain is the motor system which has dopamine contains cells?
Substantia nigra
What is the reticular formation of the medulla and hindbrain in control of?
Allergens and cardiovascular functions
What is the motor control structure?
Red nucleus
Hat is the limbic system involved in in the diancephalon?
Mood and emotion
What is the important relay nucleus in the diancephalon?
Dorsal thalamus
What are the cerebral and neo-cortex involved in in the telencephalon?
Higher functions
What is the penequeductal grey matter in the midbrain important for?
Emotive pain pathways and fear
High lobe is involved in processing visual spatial, integrating various sense and manipulation of objects?
Parietal lobe
Give three differences between a rat and a human brain?
Different in size, rats brains have little folding, the anatomical terminology is different
What is the space between the dura and the arachnoid mater called?
The subdural space
How is the top and bottom of the brain anatomically termed?
Superior and inferior
What are the gyri and sulci in the cerebral hemispheres?
Ridges and valleys
Name the three membranes from the inside out?
Pia, arachnoid and dura matter
What does the pituitary gland do in the diancephalon?
Control the release of hormone
Which membrane of the meninges enters the sulci?
The pia mater
Now many membranes are in the meninges?
3
Is the lower of upper toros medially represented?
Lower torso
What does the superios colliculus do in the midbrain?
Receives visual spatial inputs and brings the eyes to focus
What in the hindbrain contains 5-HT cells?
Raphe nuclei
What are the two sections of the occipital lobe?
Visual association area and primary visual cortex
What is part of the extra pyramidal motor cortex system (corpus striatum) in the telencephalon?
The basal ganglia
Hat four sections does the frontal lobe split into?
Prefrontal association area, Broca’s area, premotor cortex and primary motor cortex
What is the claudate nucleus in the telencephalon involved in?
Motor disorders
Give the two areas of the prosencephalon?
Telencephalon and diancephalon
Where is the third ventricle situated?
Between the two cerebral hemispheres
