Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiovascular System > Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of a blood vessel?

A

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the basic structure of the tunica intima?

A

Simple squamous epithelium
Basement membrane
Connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the basic structure of the tunica media?

A

Smooth muscle tissue

Elastic tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the basic structure of the tunica adventitia?

A

Fibrous connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What in the most outer layer of a blood vessel?

A

Tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the difference between an artery and its accompanying vein?

A

Arteries are generally smaller in diameter and will have a thicker wall than their accompanying vein
Arteries have a thick media and thin adventitia
Veins have a thin media and a thick adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the different types of arteries?

A

Elastic
Muscular
Arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the only elastic artery?

A

The aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the aorta?

A

Pressure reservoir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens to the aorta during diastole?

A

Heart relaxes, pressure falls and the artery recoils so that pressure is maintained on the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the recoil and stretchability of the aorta due to?

A

Presence of extensive amounts of elastic fibres in the tunica media in the form of laminae, these fibres are secreted by smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the muscular arteries?

A

Controls distribution of blood to regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In muscular arteries, elastic fibres are concentrated in two well-defined sheets, what are these?

A

Internal elastic lamina (just under the epithelium)

External/outer elastic lamina (between tunica media and adventitia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Smaller muscular arteries gradually change histologically to become what?

A

Arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the difference between the layers of muscular arteries and arterioles?

A

Arterioles do not have a tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the arterioles?

A

Controls blood flow to the capillary beds and controls blood pressure

17
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

Main exchange site for nutrients and gases

18
Q

What are pericytes and what is their function?

A

Pericytes are an incomplete layer of cells surrounding the basement membrane which have contractile properties and help to control flow of blood in the capillarie

19
Q

Is the blood pressure in capillaries high or low?

A

Low

20
Q

What extra property do continuous capillaries have?

A

Can control what is exchanged

21
Q

How is material passed through continuous capillaries?

A

Must pass through the cell or between the cells via selective transport mechanisms

22
Q

What extra property do fenestrated capillaries have?

A

Have fenestrations (pores) of up to 100µm

23
Q

What is the function of diaphragms in fenestrated capillaries?

A

Filter molecules by molecular weight and/or charge

24
Q

What is the difference between continuous and discontinuous capillaries?
What does the structure of discontinuous capillaries allow?

A

Discontinuous capillaries have gaps between the endothelial cells and basement membrane
Allows free passage of fluid and cells

25
Q

What has a larger diameter; sinusoids or discontinuous capillaries?

A

Sinusoids

26
Q

Where are sinusoids found?

A

Where large amounts of exchanges take place e.g. liver

27
Q

What does the tunica intima of sinusoids contain?

A

Phagocytic cells

28
Q

What is the function of valves in veins?

A

Prevent the back flow of blood

29
Q

What are the main differences between superficial and deep veins?

A

Superficial veins are thick walled and have no surrounding support
Deep veins are thin walled and have surrounding support from deep fascia and muscles

30
Q

What does the lymphatic system drain into?

A

Systemic venous system

31
Q

Where are lymph nodes found?

A

Alongside major veins and around origins of major arteries

32
Q

How are lymph nodes clinically important?

A

In tumour cell metastases

33
Q

What are the features of lymph capillaries?

A

Blind-ended capillaries lined by very thin endothelium
No fenestrations
Absent/rudimentary basal lamina
Anchoring filaments linking endothelial cells to surrounding tissue
No RBCs in lumen

34
Q

What is the nerve supply of blood vessels?

A

Sympathetic, or sympathetic and parasympathetic

Cardiovascular System (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions