Anatomy of the ANS Flashcards
What 3 structures does the CNS consist of?
Brain and brainstem
Spinal cord
Retina and CN II
Bronchial motor neurons develop from what?
Pharyngeal arches
Hyperhidrosis is caused by overactivity of which branch of the ANS?
Sympathetic nervous system
What are the 3 symptoms of Horner’s syndrome?
Ptosis (drooping eyelid)
Miosis (constricted pupil)
Anhidrosis (loss of sweating)
Which condition might cause a patient to sweat when they eat?
Frey’s syndrome
What causes Frey’s syndrome?
Damage to the auriculotemporal nerve during parotid gland surgery
The newly regenerated parasympathetic fibres then grow abnormally into the sweat glands
Which area of the spinal cord can be classed as the autonomic region?
Lateral horn
What are the 2 main neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
Noradrenaline
Which receptors does ACh act on in the somatic nervous system?
Nicotinic
Which receptors does ACh act on in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Muscarinic
What are the 2 outflow areas of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Brain stem (CN III, VII, IX, X)
Sacral spinal cord (S2 - S4)
What spinal cord levels does the sympathetic nervous system emerge from?
T1 - L2
What are the 3 main sympathetic ganglions in the neck?
Superior cervical ganglion
Middle cervical ganglion
Stellate ganglion
Which cells of the adrenal glands release adrenaline?
Chromaffin cells
