Abdominal viscera: liver, pancreas, spleen Flashcards
The spleen derives from which layer of the trilaminar disc?
Mesoderm
How does the stomach rotate during development to form the lesser sac?
90 degrees to the right and 90 degrees clockwise
What is the only entrance + exit to the lesser sac?
Epiploic foramen
Which 2 ligaments form the lateral border of the lesser sac?
Gastrosplenic ligament
Splenorenal ligament
Which ligament anchors the liver to the anterior abdominal wall as part of the ventral mesentery?
Falciform ligament
What are the 4 lobes of the liver?
Left
Right
Caudate
Quadrate
Which ligament is found on the posterior surface of the liver?
Ligamentum venosum
The ligamentum venosum is a remnant of what?
Ductus venosus
Which ligament encircles the bare area of the liver?
Coronary ligament
Which peritoneal space is formed by the attachment of the coronary ligament to the diaphragm?
Sub-phrenic space
Where is fluid in the peritoneal cavity likely to accumulate in a supine patient?
Hepatorenal recess
When would Pringle’s manoeuvre be used?
With a liver laceration / trauma to liver causing haemorrhage
Caput Medusae is most commonly caused by what?
Portal hypertension, most likely due to cirrhosis
The fundus of the gallbladder sits on what plane and what costal cartilage?
Transpyloric plane (L1)
9th costal cartilage
What is Murphy’s sign?
Patient stops breathing due to pain during deep inhalation as diaphragm pushes down on gallbladder
Which part of the pancreas sits at the transpyloric level?
Neck
What is formed behind the neck of the pancreas?
Portal vein
What is an annular pancreas?
The ventral bud migrates around the duodenum, forming a constricting ring of pancreatic tissue
Is the spleen intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
Is the pancreas intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Secondary retroperitoneal
A ulcer that erodes through the posterior wall of the stomach would cause fluid accumulation where?
Lesser sac
Which nodes does lymph from the spleen drain into?
Coeliac nodes
