Anatomy Of Stomach Flashcards
Anatomical Position
Lies within superior aspect of the abdomen between
esophagus and duodenum
Stomach spans the region between the
cardiac and pyloric
orifices of GIT
Empty stomach is most commonly —-shaped
J-
Stomach with moderate gastric contents occupies
epigastric,
left hypochondriac and
umbilical regions.
the exact size, shape and position of the stomach
can vary from person to person and with
position and
respiration
Numerous factors influence both the form and the position
of the stomach, including the
- Posture and build of the individual
- Extent to which the stomach is filled
- Position of the surrounding viscera
- Tone of the abdominal wall and
- Gastric musculature
Stomach types
- Sthenic (Normal)
- Hypersthenic (hypertonic) oblique
- Hyposthenic (hypotonic)vertical
- asthenic/atonic
Hypersthenic (hypertonic) seen in
obese persons
Hypersthenic (hypertonic)
Prone to
duodenal ulcers
Hyposthenic (hypotonic) prone to
gastric ulcers
Parts of the Stomach
Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
Cardia
• Surrounds——- of the stomach at——
level.
superior cardiac/esophageal orifice
T11
more fixed part of the stomach
Cardiac part
Fundus Is dome-shaped and projects superior and to the left of oesophageal
opening and cardia
Fundus lies in contact with
Left dome of diaphragm
Fundus lie above a horizontal line from
?to?
the cardiac notch to the greater curvature
Fundus often filled with
Gas (looked dark on X-ray )
Apex of fundus is approximately level with ?
Left 6th rib anteriorly (but varies )
Large central portion inf to the fundus
Body
Body extend from —- to —-
Fundus to angular incisure (incusure angularis)
angular incisure (incusure angularis)
Constant external notch at the lower end of lesser curvature
Describe the line drawn to define the lower end of body
Line from angular incisure to an inconstant indentation on greater curvature
Pylorus connect
Stomach to duedenum
Pylorus divided into
pyloric antrum,
pyloric canal and
Pyloric sphincter, orifice
Cardiac orifice
Is placed
40cm from incisor teeth
Cardiac orifice
Is marked on the body at
Left 6th (supine) / 7th (erect) costal cartilage
Cardiac orifice
about 2.5-cmawayfromthe medianplaneat—-
level.
T11
Pyloricorifice:
Is defined by
Thick pyloric sphincter
Thick pyloric sphincter in cadaver
Green colored bile stain
Diff btw cardiac orifice and pyloric
Pyloric orifice; more superficial, more mobile
Pyloric orifice located at level
Transpyloric plane ( L1 posteriorly , tip of 9th costal cartilage ant )
Lesse r curvature
(Fixed/mobile)
Forms shorter, concave,——- borderof stomach
between————
More fixed
medial
cardiac and pyloric orifices
At the inferior part of lesser curvature is ———ndicates the junction of body and
pyloric region.
angular notch
(incisura angularis (IA), i
Lesse r curvature
Arteries
Rightandleft gastricarteries
Arterial anastomosis is minimum along the lesser
curvature, hence occlusion of these arteries cause
ischemia & ulceration
Lesse r curvature
Contains the triad
Portal vein
Bile duct
Hepatic artery proper
Greater curvature
More
Forms long, convex,—— border of stomach.
Movable
lateral
Greater curvature
مافهمتStarts from cardiac notch lateral border of
abdominal esophagus and
the fundus)
Greater curvature
Arches backward and passes inferiorly to the left.
T
Greater curvature
Curves to the right as it continues
medially to reach thepyloric antrum
Greater curvature arteries
Short gastric aa and Right and left gastroepiploic/omental aa
Greater curvature Gives attachment to
gastrophrenic ligament,
gastrosplenicligament
and anterior 2 layers of greater omentum
-Common hepatic
gives three branches:
1-right gastric
2-gastroduodenal
3-left gastric
epiphanic
Stomach superior
Esophagus and left dome of diaphra
Stomach Anterior
Diaphragm, greater omentum, anterior abdominal wall, left lobe of liver, gall bladder
Posterior
(Stomach Bed)
Lesser sac (omental bursa), pancreas, left kidney, left adrenal gland, spleen, splenic artery, transverse colon, transverse mesocolon and Left crus of the diaphragm
Posterior
(Stomach Bed) structures canbeaffected by ——-of the stomach, especially——-
Post perforation
splenic artery
Stomach inf and laterally
Transverse mesocolon
When the stomach is empty and contracted, Anterior and posterior surfaces tend to face superiorly and
inferiorly, But as the stomach distends, they face progressively more anteriorly and posteriorly
Peptic ulcer causes
- Pancreaticpseudo-cystsand abscesses
- pancreatitis
Pancreaticpseudo-cystsand abscesses inthe lessersacmaypushthe stomach
anteriorly (visible in lateral radiographs or CTs).
Gastric Triangle
Anterior surfaceof thestomach whereitis in
direct contact with the anterior abdominal wall
Gastric Triangle
Boundaries
Fundus
Fundus