Anatomy of Abdominal Wall Flashcards
Key Landmarks of the anterolateral abdominal wall
- Linea alba
- Semilunar line( a.k.a Linda semilunaris)
- Tendinous intersections:
- Umbilicus
- Iliac crest:
- Inguinal ligament:
Umbilicus:
– Site that marks the—— dermatome
T10
Umbilicus lying at the level of
intervertebral
disc between L3 and L4
Iliac crest:
lies at about the level of L4 vertebra.
Inguinal ligament:
Composed of
aponeurotic fibers of external abdominal oblique
muscle
Inguinal ligament:
Marks the division between
the lower abdominal wall and upper thigh
of the lower limb.
Median plane
Vertical plane from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis
Transumbilical plane
Horizontal plane across umbilicus at the L4 disc;
planes divide abdomen into quadrants.
Median
Transumbillical
Clinical Planes of Reference for Abdomen Nine regions
Subcostal
Intertubercular
Midclavicular
Subcostal plane
transverse (horizontal) plane which bisects the body at level of the
10th costal margin and the vertebra body L3.
Intertubercular plane
Posteriorly, plane cuts the body of the
L5
Intertubercular
lower transverse line midway between
the upper
transverse and upper border of the pubic symphysis.
Intertubercular plane Passing through
iliac tubercles (Transtubercular).
Midclavicular plane crosses the costal margin near the
the end of the 9th costal cartilage
Transpyloric plane, also known as
Addison’s Plane
Transpyloric plane Is an upper transverse line, located
halfway between the
jugular notch and the upper border of the pubic symphysis.
Transpyloric plane in most cases cuts through
1-the pylorus of the stomach,
2-the tips of the ninth costal cartilages and
3-the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra (L1).
Transpyloric plane L1, Passes just—- - the end of the spinal cord in adults.
Before
Upper part of conus medullaris
LAYERS OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL
Skin: epidermis and dermis. Superficial Fascia (subcutaneous tissue) Investing fascia (deep fascia) Abdominal muscles
Superficial Fascia (subcutaneous tissue): Above the umbilicus –
A single sheet of connective tissue.
It is continuous with superficial fascia in other regions of the
body.
Superficial Fascia (subcutaneous tissue):
Below the umbilicus
divided into two layers;
1-Camper’s fascia
2-Scarpa’s fascia
Camper’s Layer
fat, superficial blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics
Camper’s Layer
Over the pubis it continues as
the superficial layer of the superficial perineal fascia
below the superficial inguinal ring it give place to the
dartos muscle of the
scrotum
Scarpa’s Layer
Deeper, thinner, fibrous membranous layer
present only on the anterior abdominal wall.
Scarpa’s Layer
Superiorly
fades away midway between the pubis and umbilicus above. – is continuous with superficial fascia over rest of the trunk.
Scarpa’s Layer
Laterally:
– Fades way in
lumber region.
Scarpa’s Layer
Inferiorly
In the lateral part it passes over the ——— into the———, where it’s
attached to———-
inguinal ligament
upper thigh
fascia lata.
Just below superficial inguinal ring, Scapa’s
fascia is known as
Colle’s fascia.
Colle’s fascia
In the perineum it covers the penis up to the
glans, gives cover to the
scrotum under the
Darto’s muscle.
Colle’s fascia
In female, it is continued into the——- and from there to the———-
labia
majora
fascia of Colles
Colle’s fascia
Superiorly Continues with
Scarpa’s fascia
Colle’s fascia
Inferiorly Attached to
posterior border of urogenital diaphragm.
Colle’s fascia
Laterally: attached to
conjoined ischiopubic ramus
Colle’s fascia
Continuous with its fellow of opposite side.
Abdominal muscles: three flat layers, similar to the————-, except
thoracic wall
musculature
except in the anterior mid-region where the vertically
oriented rectus abdominis muscle lies in the rectus sheath.
Rupture of the Urethra in Males and Extravasation of Urine
-
Rupture of the corpus spongiosum and spongy urethra results in
urine passing from it (extravasating) into the superficial perineal space.
Abdominal viscera supported by
thoracic cage, pelvic girdle
and abdominal wall musculature
Bony landmarks of anteroabdominal wall
Xiphoid process (T9) Coastal margin (L3) L1-5 vertebral bodies and sacrum • Ilium – Iliac crest (L4) – anterior and posterior superior spines – Tubercle of the crest • Pubic bone – Pubic crest – Pubic symphysis – Pubic tubercle • Pelvic inlet
Linea alba:
the white line,—— midline subcutanous band of fibrous tissue where facial aponeurosis pf rectus sheath from each side interdigitate in the midline
Avascular
Semilunar line aka?
Located?
Linda semilunaris
Lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle in the rectus sheath
Tendinous intersections———— that demarcate ——
Transverse skin grooves
Transverse fibrous attachment points of rectus sheath to the underlying rectus abdomins muscle
