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GI 4th Year > Anatomy Of Peritoneum > Flashcards

Anatomy Of Peritoneum Flashcards

1
Q

Define peritoneum

A

• Is a glistening transparent serous membrane • Lines the walls of abdominal cavity and lies on abdominal
and pelvic organs.

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2
Q

Peri toneum

Consists of two layers:

A
  • Parietal

* Visceral

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3
Q

• Parietal • Visceral
are lined by ?

secretes?

A

simple squamous epithelium
(mesothelium)

peritoneal fluid

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4
Q

peritoneal cavity:

A

Between its two layers (Parietal • Visceral)

is the peritoneal cavity.

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5
Q

Functions

A

1-support and protect abdominopelvic organs.
2-Provide passage for nerves, vessels & lymphatics
3-Healing power and Adhesions:
4-Storage of Fat
5-Absorption and Dialysis:

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6
Q

Parietal peritoneum – Outer layer

Adheres to

A

anterior and posterior abdominal walls.

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7
Q

Parietal peritoneum

Derived from

A

somatic mesoderm.

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8
Q

Parietal peritoneum

Lines inner surface of

A

abdominal and pelvic walls and diaphragm

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9
Q

Parietal peritoneum separated from the walls by

A

extraperitoneal tissue

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10
Q

Parietal peritoneum Receives Blood supply and somatic nerve supply (spinal nn) from

A

same Blood supply and somatic nerve supply (spinal nn) as the
region of the abdominal wall that it lines

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11
Q

Pain from parietal peritoneum

A

is well localized. related to dermatomes

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12
Q

Parietal peritoneum Is———— to pressure, pain, laceration and temperature.

A

sensitive

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13
Q

Visceral peritoneum – Inner layer

Lines

A

outer surface of the viscera to which it is firmly attached; cannot
be separated

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14
Q

Visceral peritoneum ————-to cover the majority of the abdominal viscera.

A

Invaginates

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15
Q

Visceral peritoneum It’s made when

A

parietal peritoneum reflects from the abdominal wall to the

viscera.

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16
Q

Visceral peritoneum Derived from

A

splanchnic layer of lateral plated mesoderm.

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17
Q

Visceral peritoneum blood supply and autonomic nerve supply

A

as the viscera it

covers.

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18
Q

Pain from visceral peritoneum is———- localized

A

poorly

itisgeneralized

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19
Q

Visceral peritoneum Is only sensitive to

A

stretch and chemical irritation.

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20
Q

Visceral peritoneum Is ———- to pain caused by temperature or wounds (general stimuli-touch,
pressure, temperature)

A

insensitive

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21
Q

Pain is referred according to the

A

embryological origin of the

organ

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22
Q

Foregut structures arereferred to

A

epigastricregion

T7-T8

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23
Q

Midgut structers referred to

A

umbilicalregion

T9-T10

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24
Q

Hindgutstructures to

A

thepubic (hypogastric)region (T12-

L1/2)

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25
Q

Pain in retroperitoneal organs (e.g. kidney, pancreas) may

present as

A

back pain.

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26
Q

Irritation of the diaphragm (e.g. as a result of inflammation of
the liver, gallbladder or duodenum) may result in

A

shoulder tip pain

27
Q

ReferredPainin

Appendicitis

A

umbilical region

right lower quadrant

28
Q

Foregut –

A

oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder and the duodenum (proximal to the entrance of the common bile duct).

29
Q

Midgut –

A

duodenum (distal to theentrance of the common bile duct) to the junction of the proximal two thirds of the transverse colon with the distal third.

30
Q

Hindgut –

A

distal one third of the transverse colon to the upper part of anal canal.

31
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

potential space found between

the parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum.

32
Q

Peritoneal cavity

Is filled with small amount (thin film) of

A

serous peritoneal fluid

33
Q

serous peritoneal fluid secreted by

A

mesothelial cells which line the peritoneum

34
Q

serous peritoneal fluid Enables peritoneal layers to

A

slide against each other with
little friction while following the subtle movements of the
abdominopelvic organs.

35
Q

serous peritoneal fluid Composed of

A

water, electrolytes, and other substances
derived from interstitial fluid in adjacent tissues.

antibodies and leukocytes used to
fight infection.

36
Q

Peritoneum folds forms

A

pouches (recesses)

37
Q

pouches (recesses) if there is an ongoing inflammation of adjacent organs

A

can be filled

with fluid

38
Q

There are two divisions of the peritoneal cavity:

A
  • Lesser sac (omental bursa)

* Greater sac

39
Q

Lesser sac (omental bursa)

Is found

A

posterior to stomach and liver, and anterior

to pancreas and duodenum.

40
Q

Lesser sac (omental bursa)

Provides space for

A

unhindered movement of

stomach.

41
Q 
Lesser sac (omental bursa)
Has an irregular shape with:
A

Superior recess

Inferior recess

42
Q

Superior recess is bordered by

A

diaphragm and

coronary ligament of the liver,

43
Q

Inferior recess is found between

A

the folding

layers of the greater omentum.

44
Q 
Lesser sac (omental bursa)
Communicates with greater sac via
A

epiploic foramen (omental foramen)

45
Q

epiploic foramen (omental foramen) found

A

found posterior to the

free edge of the lesser omentum.

46
Q

This foramen has clear borders:

  • Anterior –
  • Posterior –
  • Superior –
  • Inferior –
A

-hepatoduodenal ligament
-IVC and the right crus of the
diaphragm
• Superior –caudate lobe of the liver
• Inferior –superior part of the duodenum
lesssac

47
Q

Greater sac

Extends from

A

diaphragm to pelvic cavity.

48
Q

Greater sac

Is divided by

A

transverse mesocolon

49
Q

Greater sac

Is divided by transverse mesocolon into

A

Supracoliccompartment

Infracoliccompartment

50
Q

Supracolic compartment is found

A

anterior and superior to transverse mesocolon

51
Q

Supracolic compartment contains

A

liver, stomach and spleen.

52
Q

Infracolic compartment is found

A

posterior and inferior to transverse mesocolon

53
Q

Infracolic compartment contains

A
  • small intestine
  • ascending colon
  • descending colon
54
Q

Infracolic compartment Looking from the anterior aspect, it is divided by the root
of the

A

mesentery of the small intestine into right and left

infracolic spaces.

55
Q

Intraperitoneal organs

completely wrapped by

A

visceral peritoneum.

56
Q

Intraperitoneal organs

A

liver, spleen, stomach, superior 1stpart of the duodenum,
jejunum,
ileum,
appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon,
superior part of the
rectum,
and tail of pancreas (only).

57
Q

Intra-peritoneal organs are not inside peritoneal cavity, instead covered by
peritoneum
Urinary bladder

A

T

58
Q 
Retroperitoneal organs (primarily and secondarily retroperitoneal)
Are found
A

posterior to peritoneum in retroperitoneal space with only their anterior
surface covered by parietal peritoneum.

59
Q

Retroperitoneal organs Subdivided into two groups based on their embryological development: •

A

Primarily retroperitoneal organs

Secondary

60
Q

Primarily retroperitoneal organs:

A

organs were initially intraperitoneal, suspended by mesentery. • Through the course of embryogenesis, they became retroperitoneal as their
mesentery fused with the posterior abdominal wall

61
Q

Primarily retroperitoneal organs: Develop and remain—— the parietal peritoneum,

A

outside

62
Q

Primarily retroperitoneal organs:

A

Esophagus, anal canal, kidneys, suprarenal (adrenal) glands, ureters, aorta,
IVC, distal one-third of rectum

63
Q

Secondary retroperitoneal organs:

A

Pancreas (head, neck and body), distal duodenum, ascending colon,
, descending colon, proximal one-third of rectum

GI 4th Year (11 decks)

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