Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PR3154 MSK Drugs > Anatomy (MSK) > Flashcards

Anatomy (MSK) Flashcards

1
Q

What are tendons, joints, ligaments and bursae?

A

Tendon = Tough, flexible band made of fibrous connective tissue; Connects muscle to bone

Joints = Bone articulations allowing movement

Ligament = Dense white band of fibrous elastic tissue; Connects the end of bones to form a joint; Limits joint dislocation and restrict improper hyperextension/hyperflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are two types of skeletons and the examples of them?

A
  1. Axial skeleton (Skull, vertebral column, thorax)
  2. Appendicular skeleton (Pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Four types of bones and two types of bone tissue

A
  1. Long bones
  2. Short bones
  3. Flat bones
  4. Irregular bones

Bone tissue
1. Compact bone
2. Spongy Cancellous Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Seven functions of bones

A

Mechanical:
1. Movement
2. Support
3. Protection

Homeostasis:
1. Blood formation
2. Electrolyte balance
3. Acid-base balance

Storage of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are bones made up of?

A
  1. Periosteum and Endosteum
  2. Red marrow
  3. Yellow marrow
  4. Marrow cavity
  5. Articular cartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the structure of a long bone?

A
  1. Diaphysis (Shaft)
  2. Metaphysis
  3. Epiphysis (End)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bone tissues are hard connective tissues consisting of which 3 types of cells? How do they function?

A
  1. Osteoclast: Bone resorption
  2. Osteocytes: Maintenance, Remodeling, Mechano-sensing; Trapped in Lacunae
  3. Osteoblast: Bone formation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What minerals are present in bone?

A
  1. Organic protein fibers and collagen
  2. Inorganic ions (Hydroxyapatite, CaPO4)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an osteon?

A

A structural unit of a compact bone consisting of
– Osteocytes, lacunae & canaliculi.
– Concentric lamellae, outer/inner circumferential, interstitial lamellae.
– Central (Haversian) & perforating (Volkmann) canals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are spongy bone tissues found?

A

Skull, Vertebrae, Sternum, Pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are spongy bones spongy?

A

Marrow cavity is found between trabeculae beams or plates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 6 types of bone on the skull?

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Temporal
  4. Occipital
  5. Maxilla
  6. Mandibular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Identify the 15 bones from head to toe

A

Axial:
1. Vertebrae
2. Rib
3. Sternum
4. Clavicle
5. Scapula
6. Cranium
7. Mandible

Appendicular:
1. Humerus
2. Radius
3. Ulna
4. Femur
5. Tibia
6. Patella
7. Fibula
8. Hip Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are cartilages made of?

A
  1. Chondrocytes
  2. Collagen (Elastic fibre)
  3. Glycosaminoglycans/Proteoglycans (Ground substance)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where can cartilage be found?

A

Nose, outer ear, larynx, trachea, articulating ends of bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are 3 types of cartilages? What are they based mainly on?

A
  1. Elastic cartilage
  2. Fibrocartilage
  3. Hyaline cartilage

Fiber content, location, organization

17
Q

What are the 3 types of muscles and describe the striation and voluntariness of the one in particular

A
  1. Skeletal muscle (Striated and voluntary)
  2. Smooth muscle
  3. Cardiac muscle
18
Q

What are the features of skeletal muscle fibers?

A

Elongated cylindrical unbranched striations

19
Q

Describe the cellular features of skeletal muscle cells

A
  1. Sarcolemma (Plasma membrane)
  2. Sarcoplasm (Cytoplasm)
  3. Myofibrils, myofilaments
  4. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER)
  5. Flattened multi-nuclei near the periphery beneath sarcolemma
20
Q

What is a sarcomere?

A

A contractile unit of a muscle containing 2 types of myofilaments
1. Thin (Contain F-actin, attached to Z-line)
2. Thick (Contain myosin attached to M-line)

21
Q

Describe the structure of the sarcomere?

A
  1. A band and I band
  2. Z-line and M-line
  3. H zone
22
Q

1) Origin—muscle attachment that ___________ while the muscle ________

2) Insertion—muscle attachment that ___________ while the muscle ________

3) Action—a specific movement (eg, _______) produced by a muscle contraction

4) Agonist — muscle(s) responsible for _________.

5) Synergist — muscle(s) responsible for ________.

6) Antagonist — muscle(s) responsible for ___________, to control, for example, ___________ and ___________

A

1) Remains stationary; Contract
2) Moves; Contract
3) Flexion, Extension
4) Producing movement
5) Assisting movement
6) Opposing movement; Speed and smoothness of movement

23
Q

List 3 facial muscles and body muscles

A

Facial:
1. Buccinator
2. Masseter
3. Sternocleidomastoid

Body:
1. Triceps brachii
2. Biceps brachii
3. Deltoid
4. Pectoralis major
5. Rectus abdominis
6. Adductor longus
7. Gluteus maximus
8. Bicep femoris
9. Quadriceps femoris
10. Tibialis anterior
11. Gastrocnemius

24
Q

5 main functions of skeletal muscles

A
  1. Movement
  2. Posture, position, stability
  3. Support and protect (Pelvic diaphragm)
  4. Guard entrances (Sphincters)
  5. Maintain body temperature
25
Q

What are you trying to avoid when giving IM injection in the gluteal region?

A

The sciatic nerve. Inject at the top outer quadrant

26
Q

3 types of joints and which is most mobile?

A
  1. Fibrous
  2. Cartilaginous
  3. Synovial (Mobile)
27
Q

4 major types of synovial joints

A
  1. Ball and socket joint (shoulder, hip)
  2. Hinge joint (elbow, knee)
  3. Pivot joint (radioulnar)
  4. Planar joint
28
Q

A joint is actively moved by…

A

Contracting and shortening a skeletal muscle

29
Q

What are the 4 main muscles across the shoulder joint?

A

Pectoralis major
Deltoid
Bicep brachii
Tricep brachii

30
Q

What are 7 types of bone movements at the shoulder joint?

A
  • Adduction
  • Abduction
  • Extension
  • Flexion
  • Medial rotation
  • Lateral rotation
  • Circumduction
31
Q

What two types of joints does the knee joint have?

A
  1. Hinge
  2. Gliding
32
Q

What are the major components of the knee joint?

A
  1. Bones: Tibia, femur, patella
  2. Articular cartilage
  3. Synovial membrane
  4. Joint capsule
  5. Joint cavity
  6. Menisci ligament

PR3154 MSK Drugs (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions