anatomy mock exam Flashcards
where is the brachial artery
arm and elbow
where is the superior mesenteric artery
pancreas
where is the popliteal artery
behind knee
where is the carotid artery
neck
what happens during systole
the ventricles contract
what is the function of red blood cells
Transport oxygen to and from the body cells
function of lymph nodes
filter lymph
activate the immune system
what happens during internal respiration
CO2 moved from body tissues into the blood
what are the 3 structural components of a chemical synapse
Presynaptic elements
synaptic cleft
postsynaptic element
what are the 3 parts of the brainstem
Midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata
identity the two major divisions of the peripheral nervous system
Somatic - voluntary control of body movements
autonomic - involuntary functions of the body. Somatic - Fight of flight
parasympathetic- rest and digest
3 substances found in gastric juice
Hydrochloric acid
pepsin
mucus
4 substances found in plasma
Proteins
Electrolytes
Coagulant
Immunoglobulin
what does fibrin do during coagulation
Activates platelets
which group of lymph nodes are found behind the knee
Popliteal
Which artery supplies the small intestine
superior mesenteric artery
what has the strongest influence on pulmonary ventilation
Increased carbon dioxide levels in blood
what is pulmonary ventilation (breathing) regulated by
the brainstem
what division of the nervous system controls the actions of skeletal muscle
Somatic nervous system
What phase of an action potential is a large positive increase in the voltage of the neuron
Depolarisation
the damage to dendrites would interfere with neurons ability to -
receive signals
the outermost layer of the meninges of the brain is the
Dura mater
Where is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) found
In the subarachnoid space
which neuron structures are part of the receptive region of the cell
dendrites
what do bile salts do
Emulsify fats to enhance lipid digestion
mastication is an example of
mechanical digestion
Where does chemical digestion of proteins occur
stomach
what is a function of the salivary glands
dissolve food chemicals for gustatory chemoreception
What is the function of the pericardium
Protect the heart
what does systemic circulation include
Coronary circulation
what is external respiration
exchanging gases between the body and environment (oxygen and carbon dioxide)
What is internal respiration
Exchanging of gases between the body’s cells and blood
4 factors that influence the control of pulmonary ventilation (breathing)
Lung compliance
Airway resistance
Chest wall compliance
Rate of ventilation
3 functions of the urinary system
Filtering blood
maintaining water balance
producing red blood cells
3 main processes (functions) of the nephron
Filtration
reabsorbtion
secretion
three pages of uterine cycle
Menstruation
proliferative
secretory
what two things do testes produce
sperm
testosterone
what is neuritis
when a nerve becomes inflamed which can lead to pain in the affected area
what is sciatica
A medical condition that causes pain from the lower back to the buttock
where is photoreceptors location
retina
where is gustatory chemoreceptors location
taste buds
what is mechanoreceptors with hairs location
inner ear
what is olfactory chemoreceptors location
nasal epithelium
what are the 4 layers of the wall of the digestive tract
mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa
3 examples of mechanical digestion that occur throughout the GI tract
Mastication
peristalsis
segmentation
what substance does the gal bladder store
bile
what hormone is responsible for concentrating urine
anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
What does glomerular filtration do
removes water and small substances from blood
what is the role of the fallopian tubes
transport an ovulated oocyte towards the uterus
what is the order of the reproductive cycle
menstruation
follicular phase
ovulation
luteal phase
what part of the male reproductive tract is found within the spermatic cord
Vas (ductus) defrens
what is the function of red blood cells
transport oxygen
what is the function of neutrophils
phagocytosis of foreign microbes and cellular debris
what is the function of monocytes
Phagocytosis of bacteria
what is the function of eiosinophils
attack parasitic worms and allergic reactions
functions of b lymphocytes
Produce antibodies
Functions of platelets
Blood clotting
3 functions of saliva
digestion
protection
lubrications
2 functions of lymph nodes
activates the immune system
filters lymph fluid
what is diastole
heart relaxed and filling with blood
what is systole
contraction phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscles contracts
what blood vessel carry’s blood to the heart
veins
what blood vessels carry blood away from the heart
arteries
what are varicose veins and outline how beauty therapy treatments may be beneficial
Large twisted bulging veins due to damage at the valves of the veins
laser treatments
describe oedema and outline how beauty therapy treatments may be beneficial
Built up fluid in the connective tissue
massage for lymph drainage
3 major functions of blood
transport
protection
regulation
