Anatomy Mnemonics Flashcards
Branches of Common Carotid
Some Autists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students
Superior Thyroid Ascending pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior auricular Maxillary Superficial temporal
Branches of the Subclavian
VIT C and D
Vertebral
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical
Costovcervical trunk - (superior intercostal artery to 1st and 2nd spaces here)
Dorsal scapular artery
Maxillary Artery
Branches of the Maxillary Artery (3 parts, 5 branches from each part) Part 1 - Before Lateral Pterygoid Inferior alveolar artery Middle meningeal artery Accessory middle meningeal artery Deep auricular artery Anterior tympanic artery
Part 2 - On Lateral Pterygoid Branches to the pterygoid muscles Deep temporal branches to the temporalis muscle Branch accompanying the lingual nerve Branch accompanying the buccal nerve
Part 3 - Beyond Lateral Pterygoid Posterior superior alveolar artery Greater palatine artery Pharyngeal artery Artery of the pterygoid canal Infraorbital artery
Axillary Artery Branches
Becomes after passes over first rib
The first lies proximal to pectoralis minor, the second is at the level of pectoralis minor, and the third is distal to the muscle. Each part has one or more branches. They may be remembered by the mnemonic, “Sod The Lawyers, Save A Patient”.
First part—superior thoracic artery
Second part—thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery
Third part—subscapular artery, anterior circumflex humeral artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery
Caveats of the Arm
A lady between two majors
Latissimus dorsi is between Teres major (medial to bicipital groove) and Pec Major (lateral to this)
One head of pronator teres originates from medial supracondylar ridge humerus
Extensor carpi ulnaris Longus and brachioradialis from lateral supracondylar ridge
Distal extensor muscles of forearm go in a ratio of 3:1 thumb to index (APL, EPL, EPB : EI)
Supinator and Pronator quadratus are deep muscles that often are forgotten - supinator is proximal and PQ is distal
Trapezius and serratus anterior are essential for abduction of the arm above 90 degrees as the tilt Glenoid cavity upwards
Spaces of the Body
Clavipectoral fascia
Between clavicle and pectoralis minor (limited laterally by coracoid process, medically to fuse with external intercostal membrane of upper two spaces)
2 in and 2 out - lymphatics, cephalic vein, thoracoacromial vessels, lateral pectoral nerve
UpperTriangular space
Subscapularis, teres major, medial to long head of triceps
Ant circumflex
Quadrangular space
Post circumflex
Subscapularis, teres major, lateral to long head of triceps between humerus
Triangular space
Lumbar triangle
Triangle of auscultation
Horizontal upper border of lat dorsi, lateral trap, vertebral border scapula
Extensor retinaculum of foot
Remember the muscles passing under the extensor retinaculum with the mnemonic, “Tom Had A Nice Dog”. From medial to lateral: Tibialis anterior, extensor Hallucis longus, anterior tibial Artery, deep peroneal Nerve, extensor digitorum longus.
Layers of the foot
First layer:
The muscles of abductor hallicus, flexor digitorum brevis and abductor digiti minimi
Second layer:
The lumbrical and quadratus plantae muscles
Tendons of FHL and FDL
Third layer:
Muscles of flexor hallucis brevis, oblique and transverse heads of the adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis.
Fourth, deep layer:
The dorsal and plantar interosseous muscles
Tendons of tibilalis posterior and peroneus longus
The flexor digitorum brevis is innervated by the medial plantar nerve
Tarsal Tunnel
Tom, Doug And Very Nervous Harry
Tibialis posterior flexor Digitorum longus Artery (posterior tibial) Vein (posterior tibial) Nerve (tibial) flexor Hallucis longus
LAFF and LOAF
Lumbrical, Abductor Hallucis, Flexor digitorum brevis, Flexor hallucis brevis
Mnemonic for innervation of muscles by the median nerve in the hand – • L: 2 radial lumbricals. O: opponens brevis. A: abductor pollicis brevis. F: superficial head of flexor pollicis brevis
Superior orbital fissure
Lazy French Tarts sit Naked in anticipation
Lacrimal Frontal Trochlear Superior oculi motor nasiociliiary Inferior division oculi motor Abducens
LFT outside tendinous ring
Branches of Tri
V1 - Supraorbital, lacrimal, supra and infratrochlear, external nasal
V2 - Infraorbital, zygomaticofacial, zygomaticotemporal
V3 - Buccal, mental, auriculotemporal
Cranial nerve nuclei
Medulla - Vestibulo-cochlear, Nuclei of tractus solitarius, nucleus ambiguus, spinal nucleus of tri germinal, dorsal nuclei of vagus, hypoglossal, inferior olivary nucleus
Motor nucleus of trigeminal is in pons, lateral to floor of the fourth ventricle
Midbrain contains oculomotor and trigeminal nuclei
Nuclei of glossopharyngeal are in nucleus ambiguus, inferior salivary, nucleus of tractus solitarius (INFERIOR PONS JUST ABOVE JUNCTION WITH MEDULLA)
