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DipGUM > Anatomy - male reproductive system > Flashcards

Anatomy - male reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

Root of penis - what is it

A

most proximal fixed part of penis

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2
Q

Root of penis - where is it located

A

superficial perineal pouch of pelvic floor

not visible externally

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3
Q

Root of penis - name the erectile tissues

A

crura x2

bulb of penis

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4
Q

Root of penis - name the muscles

A

ischiocavernosus

bulbospongiosus

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5
Q

Name the most proximal part of the penis?

A

Root

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6
Q

Body of penis - what is it

A

free part of penis

between root and glans

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7
Q

Body of penis - where is it located

A

suspended from the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS

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8
Q

Body of penis - name the erectile tissues

A

corpora cavernosa x2

corpus spongiosum

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9
Q

Glans of penis - what is it

A

most distal part of penis

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10
Q

Glans of penis - how is it formed

A

distal expansion of corpus spongiosum

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11
Q

Which part of the urethra is within the glans penis?

A

external urethral orifice

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12
Q

Which part of the penis is suspended from symphysis pubis?

A

Body of penis

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13
Q

Which parts of the penis have 3 masses of erectile tissue?

A

Root

Body

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14
Q

Which part of the penis contains left and right crura and the bulb of the penis?

A

Root

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15
Q

Which erectile tissue in the root of penis is traversed by urethra?

A

Bulb

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16
Q

Left and right crura - what is their bony attachment

A

ipsilateral ischial ramus

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17
Q

What do the crura form in the body of the penis?

A

corpora cavernosa

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18
Q

Where are the corpora cavernosa located within the body of the penis?

A

Dorsal part of penis (anterior when flaccid)

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19
Q

Where does the corpus spongiosum arise from?

A

Bulb of penis

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20
Q

Bulbospongiosus muscle (root of penis) - function

A

contracts to empty spongy urethra of residual semen/urine

anterior fibres aid erection by increasing pressure in bulb

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21
Q

Bulbospongiosus muscle (root of penis) - associated with which erectile tissue?

A

bulb of penis

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22
Q

ischiocavernosus muscle (root of penis) - function

A

contracts to force blood from cavernous space in crura into corpus cavernosa to maintain erection

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23
Q

ischiocavernosus muscle (root of penis) - associated with which erectile tissue?

A

left and right crura

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24
Q

Summarise main function of muscles in root of penis?

A

Empty semen and urine

help Maintain erection

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25
Q

Name the 3 layers of fascia of the erectile tissues

A

External fascia
Deep fascia of penis
Tunica albuginea (corpora cavernosa only)

26
Q

What fascia does the external fascia of penis extend from?

A

fascia Scarpa (covers abdominal wall)

27
Q

What fascia does the deep fascia of penis extend from?

A

deep perineal fascia

28
Q

Which fascia holds all erectile tissues together?

A

Deep fascia of the penis

29
Q

The root of the penis is supported by 2 ligaments - name them

A

Suspensory ligament

Fundiform ligament

30
Q

What is another name for the prepuce?

A

Foreskin

31
Q

What structure connects the prepuce to the glans penis?

A

Frenulum

32
Q

What is the space between prepuce and glans called?

A

preputial sac

33
Q

Name the 3 arteries that supply the penis

A

ARTERIES:
Dorsal
Deep
bulbourethral

34
Q

Where do the arteries that supply the penis arise from?

A

Branches of:
INTERNAL PUDENDAL artery
which arise from:
anterior branch of internal iliac artery

35
Q

Name the 2 veins in the penis

A

DEEP DORSAL VEIN

SUPERFICIAL dorsal vein

36
Q

Where does the DEEP dorsal vein of the penis drain to?

A

Prostatic venous plexus

37
Q

From where in the spinal cord does the innervation of penis arise from?

A

S2 - 4

38
Q

What supplies Sensory and sympathetic innervation of the penis?

A

Dorsal nerve of the penis

39
Q

Where does the dorsal nerve of the penis arise?

A

Pudendal nerve

40
Q

What supplies parasympathetic innervation of the penis?

A

Cavernous nerves

41
Q

Where do cavernous nerves arise from?

A

Peri-prostatic nerve plexus

42
Q

Summarise the effect of the parasympathetic system on the penis

A

vascular changes that cause erection

43
Q

Which testis typically lies lower?

A

Left

44
Q

What structure suspends the testes?

A

spermatic cord

45
Q

What structures make up the spermatic cord?

A

vessels
nerves
ducts

46
Q

Where do the testes descend from in their embryonic development?

A

posterior abdominal wall

47
Q

What do the testes carry with them when they descend from the posterior abdominal wall?

A

neurovascular and lymphatic supply

48
Q

The testes consist of a series of lobules, what do they contain?

A

seminiferous tubules

49
Q

Sertoli cells do what?

A

aid maturation process of spermatozoa

50
Q

Leydig cells do what?

A

testosterone production

51
Q

Describe journey of developing sperm from seminiferous tubules?

A

collect in RETE TESTES
EFFERENT tubules transport
EPIDIDYMIS for storage and maturation

52
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis?

A

closed sac that covers the testes

53
Q

What is the function of tunica vaginalis?

A

lubricate testes for friction-free movement

54
Q

What are the 3 parts of the epididymis?

A

Head
Body
Tail

55
Q

Which part of the epididymus connects with the vas deferens?

A

Tail

56
Q

Innervation of testes? Where do they arise from?

A

Testicular plexus

Renal and aortic plexi

57
Q

Main arterial supply testes? Arise from?

A

Testicular arteries

direct off abdominal aorta

58
Q

Supplementary arterial supply to testes? Arise from?

A

Cremasteric artery from inferior epigastric artery

Artery of vas deferens from inferior vesical artery

59
Q

Venous drainage of testes?

A

Testicular veins from pampiniform plexus

60
Q

Where do the left and right testicular veins drain to?

A

Left - left renal vein

Right - inferior vena cava

61
Q

What is the testes lymphatic drainage?

A

Lumbar and para-aortic

62
Q

How does the testes lymphatics differ from the scrotum? Why?

A

Scrotum - SUPERFICAL INGUINAL NODES
Testes - Lumbar and para-aortic

Testes originally retroperitoneal organs

DipGUM (39 decks)

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