anatomy: limbs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 thenar muscles?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

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2
Q

What does the abductor pollicis brevis do?

A

Pulls the thumb away from the palm

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3
Q

What does the flexor pollicis brevis do?

A

Flex the metacarpophalangeal joint

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4
Q

What does the opponent policies do?

A

Rotates the metacarpal

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5
Q

What is medial and deep to the thena muscles?

A

Adductor pollicis

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6
Q

What does the adductor pollicis do?

A

Exerts pressure on an object when its being gripped

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7
Q

What innervates the thenar muscles?

A

Median nerve

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8
Q

What innervates the adductor polices?

A

Ulnar nerve

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9
Q

Where are the thenar muscles?

A

At the base of the thumb

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10
Q

Where are the hypothenar muscles?

A

At the base of the little finger

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11
Q

What are the 3 hypothenar muscles?

A

Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi and opponens digiti minimi

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12
Q

What innovates the hypothenar muscles?

A

Ulnar nerve

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13
Q

How many lumbrical muscles are there?

A

4

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14
Q

What innervates the 2 medial lumbricals?

A

Ulnar nerve

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15
Q

What innervates the lateral 2 lumbricals?

A

Median nerve

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16
Q

What are the lumbrical muscles used for?

A

Flex the metacarpophalangeal and extend the interphalangeal joints

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17
Q

Where are the interossei muscles?

A

Between the metacarpal bones

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18
Q

What are the 2 groups of interossei muscles?

A

Palmar and dorsal

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19
Q

What do the palmar interossei do?

A

Palmar interossei ADduct (PAD) the fingers (fingers move towards the middle finger)

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20
Q

What do the dorsal interossei do?

A

Dorsal interossei ABduct (DAB)

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21
Q

What innervates the interossei?

A

Ulnar nerve

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22
Q

What supplies the trapezius?

A

Cranial nerve xi (accessory nerve)

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23
Q

What innovates the scapular muscles (and pectoralis minor and major)

A

Branches off brachial plexus

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24
Q

What innovates the deltoid muscle?

A

Axillary

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25
Q

What innervates the flexors?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

26
Q

What innervates the extensors?

A

Radial nerve

27
Q

What does LLOAF stand for?

A

Lateral Lumbricals, Opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis

28
Q

What are LLOAF muscles innervated by?

A

Median nerve

29
Q

What is the medical term for the funny bone?

A

epicondyle of the humerus

30
Q

What is the big superficial muscle on the upper back?

A

Trapezius

31
Q

Scientific term for the socket part of the shoulder joint?

A

Glenoid fossa

32
Q

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

A

Suprascapularis, subscapularis, infrascapularis and teres minor

33
Q

What runs in the delto-pectoral groove?

A

Cephalin vein

34
Q

Root of brachial plexus?

A

C5-C8, T1

35
Q

Where do the roots of the brachial plexus arise from?

A

The intervertebral foramina

36
Q

The roots of the brachial plexus are deep to which muscle?

A

Scalenus anterior

37
Q

Which nerve runs on the surface of scalenus anterior?

A

Phrenic nerve

38
Q

What is posterior to scalenus anterior?

A

Scalenus posterior

39
Q

Where is the lower part of the brachial plexus?

A

Anterior axillary fold

40
Q

Where does the subclavian vein enter the axilla?

A

Anterior to the scalenus anterior

41
Q

Where does the subclavian artery enter the axilla?

A

Between the scalenus anterior and the scalenus medius

42
Q

At the outer border of the first rib what happens?

A

The blood vessels change from ‘subclavian’ to ‘axillary’

43
Q

Where do the blood vessels change their names from axillary to brachial

A

Anterior axillary fold

44
Q

The posterior cord of the brachial plexus becomes what?

A

Radial nerve, axillary nerve (and three smaller nerves)

45
Q

What does the lateral cord become? (brachial plexus)

A

Musculocutaneous and lateral part of the medial nerve

46
Q

What dues the medial cord of the brachial plexus become?

A

Ulnar nerve and medial part of the median nerve

47
Q

What are the two major veins in the anterior arm?

A

Cephalic and basilic veins

48
Q

What muse is deep to the biceps?

A

Brachialis

49
Q

What lies between the biceps and the brachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

50
Q

What does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

A

Biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis and lateral forearm

51
Q

Origins of the biceps?

A

Superior aspect of the glenoid fossa (long head) and coracoid (short head)

52
Q

Which muscles have origin on the coracoid?

A

Biceps and coracobrachialis

53
Q

What is the insertion of the biceps?

A

Radial tuberosity

54
Q

Where is the antecubital fossa?

A

Directly infront of the elbow joint

55
Q

which muscle flexes the thumb?

A

flexor pollicis brevis

56
Q

which nerve runs through the carpal tunnel?

A

median nerve

57
Q

what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

A

anterior arm

58
Q

what does the radial nerve supply?

A

posterior arm and forearm

59
Q

what does the medial nerve supply?

A

anterior forearm EXCEPT flexor carpi ulnaris and medial flexor digitorum profundus

60
Q

what does the ulnar nerve supply?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris and medial digitorum profundus (pinky and ring fingers)