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Science Section > Anatomy - Glossary > Flashcards

Anatomy - Glossary Flashcards

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1
Q

this term is applied to a lesser structure that resembles a similar organ in structure and function; auxillary

A

accessory

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2
Q

a protein found in blood plasma

A

albumin

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3
Q

the digestive system tube from the mouth to the anus, including the mouth or buccal cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines

A

alimentary canal

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4
Q

the branch of science dealing with the study of the structure of the body

A

anatomy

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5
Q

connection between vessels; union of two vessels going to the same body part

A

anastomoses

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6
Q

before or in front of; refers to the front side of the body or structure

A

anterior / ventral

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7
Q

the 126 bones that make up the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities

A

appendicular skeleton

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8
Q

the connection between two or more bones; a joint

A

articulation

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9
Q

the 80 bones composing the skull, vertebrae, thorax, and hyoid bone; the central structure to which the appendicular skeleton is attached

A

axial skeleton

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10
Q

refers to the symmetry of paired organs, or to an organism whose right and left halves are similar images of each other; i.e., in which a median section divides the 28 organism into equivalent right and left halves

A

bilateral symmetry

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11
Q

pertaining to bile

A

biliary

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12
Q

the organs (liver and gall bladder) and ducts that participate in the secretion, storage, and delivery of bile to the duodenum

A

biliary tract

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13
Q

a membranous sac or receptacle for a secretion or excretion

A

bladder

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14
Q

relating to the cheek or mouth

A

buccal

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15
Q

the study of the heart

A

cardiology

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16
Q

the canal or passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery passes

A

carotid canal

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17
Q

situated at or pertaining to a center

A

central

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18
Q

the part of the large intestine beginning with the ascending colon and ending with the sigmoid colon

A

colon

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19
Q

ridges in the walls of the nasal cavity

A

conchae

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20
Q

a curved protuberance at the end of a bone forming part of an articulation

A

condyle

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21
Q

the outer layer of an organ as distinguished from the inner medulla, as in the adrenal gland, kidney, or cerebrum

A

cortex

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22
Q

a normal or abnormal bending away; an arc

A

curvature

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23
Q

of or pertaining to a sac-like structure; e.g., the gallbladder or the urinary bladder

A

cystic

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24
Q

below the surface, or toward the central p art of a structure

A

deep

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25
Q

reduction of the harmful properties of a poisonous substance

A

detoxification

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26
Q

farther away from the point of attachment or from the trunk; opposite of proximal

A

distal

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27
Q

posterior; toward the back; opposite of anterior

A

dorsal

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28
Q

a prominence or projection; i.e., of a bone

A

eminence

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29
Q

pertaining to a ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream

A

endocrine

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30
Q

pertaining to a gland that delivers its secretion through a duct

A

exocrine

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31
Q

pertaining to the exterior; the opposite of internal

A

external

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32
Q

the lateral, outer opening of the ear or auditory canal

A

external auditory meatus

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33
Q

a temporarily unossified area on the surface of the cranium of an infant

A

fontanel

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34
Q

a shallow depression

A

fossa

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35
Q

a secretory organ or structure that can manufacture a secretion

A

gland

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36
Q

a gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions, such as the pancreas

A

heterocrine

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37
Q

the study of tissues

A

histology

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38
Q

beneath; lower; the undersurface of an organ, or a structure below another structure; the opposite of superior

A

inferior

39
Q

relating to the outer surface of a structure; i.e., the skin and its components

A

integumentary

40
Q

within the body; within or on the inside; the opposite of external

A

internal

41
Q

clusters of cells in the pancreas which produce insulin

A

Islets of Langerhans / pancreatic islets

42
Q

the connection between two bones; an articulation

A

joint

43
Q

pertaining to the side of the body; away from the median plane

A

lateral

44
Q

well-defined parts of an organ separated by boundaries

A

lobes

45
Q

the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits

A

mandibular fossa

46
Q

a passage or opening through a bone

A

meatus

47
Q

pertaining to the middle; toward the median plane of the body

A

medial

48
Q

the inner or central portion of an organ in contrast to the outer portion or cortex

A

medulla

49
Q

they study of muscles

A

myology

50
Q

openings of the nose, as in the nostrils (anterior and/or posterior)

A

nares

51
Q

the partition that divides the nasal cavities

A

nasal septum

52
Q

the study of the nervous system

A

neurology

53
Q

pertaining to the mouth

A

oral

54
Q

the entrance or outlet of any anatomical structure; an opening

A

orifice

55
Q

any small bone; e.g., the three bones of the middle ear

A

ossicles

56
Q

pertaining to, or forming, the wall of a cavity

A

parietal

57
Q

pertaining to the front of the chest

A

pectoral

58
Q

located at, or pertaining to, the outer surface of the body or body part; located away from the center

A

peripheral

59
Q

at right angles to another surface

A

perpendicular

60
Q

a number signifying the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

A

pH (potential of hydrogen)

61
Q

an entrance to an organ

A

portal

62
Q

behind or in back of; refers to the back side of the body or structure; opposite of anterior

A

posterior / dorsal

63
Q

an anatomic landmark that appears as a blunt projection, like a knob

A

protuberance

64
Q

nearest to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk of the body, the opposite of distal

A

proximal

65
Q

the slightly movable junction of the anterior portion of the os coxae

A

pubic symphysis

66
Q

the smooth muscle around the exit of the stomach into the duodenum

A

pyloric sphincter

67
Q

pertaining to or related to reproduction

A

reproductive

68
Q

referring to the organ system that carries out gas exchange; e.g., inhalation and exhalation

A

respiratory

69
Q

pertaining to, or the formation of saliva

A

salivary

70
Q

one of the three pair of glands that secretes saliva into the mouth

A

salivary gland

71
Q

a wall dividing two cavities

A

septum

72
Q

blood plasma, excluding the clotting factors; the watery, amber-colored portion of the blood after coagulation occurs

A

serum

73
Q

bone shaped like a sesame seed; a bone embedded in a tendon; the patella is the largest of these

A

sesamoid bone

74
Q

a paranasal cavity within a bone; a dilated channel for venous blood

A

sinus

75
Q

pertaining to the bones of the body

A

skeletal

76
Q

a circular muscle constricting an orifice

A

sphincter

77
Q

pertaining to or situated near the surface of the body or body part

A

superficial

78
Q

toward the top of the head; a structure situated above another structure; the opposite of inferior

A

superior

79
Q

located on the superior portion of the kidney

A

suprarenal / adrenal

80
Q

relating to the line of union in an immovable articulation, such as between the cranial bones

A

sutural

81
Q

a joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage

A

symphysis

82
Q

a group of organs arranged for the performance of a specific function

A

system

83
Q

a covering or layer

A

tunic

84
Q

pertaining to the secretion or storage of urine

A

urinary

85
Q

composed of the kidneys, utterers, bladder, and urethra, the function of which is to filter wastes from the blood stream

A

urinary system

86
Q

any one of various membranous structures in a hollow organ or passage that temporarily closes to permit the flow of fluid in one direction only

A

valve

87
Q

pertaining to or composed of vessels

A

vascular

88
Q

the blood vessels, including arteries, capillaries, and veins, and lymphatics

A

vascular system

89
Q

located toward the front of the body; anterior

A

ventral

90
Q

a narrow, worm-shaped tube connected to the cecum

A

vermiform appendix

91
Q

pertaining to the internal organs contained within a cavity

A

visceral

92
Q

resistance to flow of a liquid, as in the blood

A

viscosity

93
Q

pertaining to the cheek bone

A

zygomatic

Science Section (12 decks)

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