Anatomy - Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

this term is applied to a lesser structure that resembles a similar organ in structure and function; auxillary

A

accessory

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2
Q

a protein found in blood plasma

A

albumin

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3
Q

the digestive system tube from the mouth to the anus, including the mouth or buccal cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines

A

alimentary canal

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4
Q

the branch of science dealing with the study of the structure of the body

A

anatomy

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5
Q

connection between vessels; union of two vessels going to the same body part

A

anastomoses

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6
Q

before or in front of; refers to the front side of the body or structure

A

anterior / ventral

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7
Q

the 126 bones that make up the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities

A

appendicular skeleton

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8
Q

the connection between two or more bones; a joint

A

articulation

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9
Q

the 80 bones composing the skull, vertebrae, thorax, and hyoid bone; the central structure to which the appendicular skeleton is attached

A

axial skeleton

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10
Q

refers to the symmetry of paired organs, or to an organism whose right and left halves are similar images of each other; i.e., in which a median section divides the 28 organism into equivalent right and left halves

A

bilateral symmetry

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11
Q

pertaining to bile

A

biliary

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12
Q

the organs (liver and gall bladder) and ducts that participate in the secretion, storage, and delivery of bile to the duodenum

A

biliary tract

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13
Q

a membranous sac or receptacle for a secretion or excretion

A

bladder

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14
Q

relating to the cheek or mouth

A

buccal

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15
Q

the study of the heart

A

cardiology

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16
Q

the canal or passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery passes

A

carotid canal

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17
Q

situated at or pertaining to a center

A

central

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18
Q

the part of the large intestine beginning with the ascending colon and ending with the sigmoid colon

A

colon

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19
Q

ridges in the walls of the nasal cavity

A

conchae

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20
Q

a curved protuberance at the end of a bone forming part of an articulation

A

condyle

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21
Q

the outer layer of an organ as distinguished from the inner medulla, as in the adrenal gland, kidney, or cerebrum

A

cortex

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22
Q

a normal or abnormal bending away; an arc

A

curvature

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23
Q

of or pertaining to a sac-like structure; e.g., the gallbladder or the urinary bladder

A

cystic

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24
Q

below the surface, or toward the central p art of a structure

A

deep

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25
reduction of the harmful properties of a poisonous substance
detoxification
26
farther away from the point of attachment or from the trunk; opposite of proximal
distal
27
posterior; toward the back; opposite of anterior
dorsal
28
a prominence or projection; i.e., of a bone
eminence
29
pertaining to a ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream
endocrine
30
pertaining to a gland that delivers its secretion through a duct
exocrine
31
pertaining to the exterior; the opposite of internal
external
32
the lateral, outer opening of the ear or auditory canal
external auditory meatus
33
a temporarily unossified area on the surface of the cranium of an infant
fontanel
34
a shallow depression
fossa
35
a secretory organ or structure that can manufacture a secretion
gland
36
a gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions, such as the pancreas
heterocrine
37
the study of tissues
histology
38
beneath; lower; the undersurface of an organ, or a structure below another structure; the opposite of superior
inferior
39
relating to the outer surface of a structure; i.e., the skin and its components
integumentary
40
within the body; within or on the inside; the opposite of external
internal
41
clusters of cells in the pancreas which produce insulin
Islets of Langerhans / pancreatic islets
42
the connection between two bones; an articulation
joint
43
pertaining to the side of the body; away from the median plane
lateral
44
well-defined parts of an organ separated by boundaries
lobes
45
the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits
mandibular fossa
46
a passage or opening through a bone
meatus
47
pertaining to the middle; toward the median plane of the body
medial
48
the inner or central portion of an organ in contrast to the outer portion or cortex
medulla
49
they study of muscles
myology
50
openings of the nose, as in the nostrils (anterior and/or posterior)
nares
51
the partition that divides the nasal cavities
nasal septum
52
the study of the nervous system
neurology
53
pertaining to the mouth
oral
54
the entrance or outlet of any anatomical structure; an opening
orifice
55
any small bone; e.g., the three bones of the middle ear
ossicles
56
pertaining to, or forming, the wall of a cavity
parietal
57
pertaining to the front of the chest
pectoral
58
located at, or pertaining to, the outer surface of the body or body part; located away from the center
peripheral
59
at right angles to another surface
perpendicular
60
a number signifying the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
pH (potential of hydrogen)
61
an entrance to an organ
portal
62
behind or in back of; refers to the back side of the body or structure; opposite of anterior
posterior / dorsal
63
an anatomic landmark that appears as a blunt projection, like a knob
protuberance
64
nearest to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk of the body, the opposite of distal
proximal
65
the slightly movable junction of the anterior portion of the os coxae
pubic symphysis
66
the smooth muscle around the exit of the stomach into the duodenum
pyloric sphincter
67
pertaining to or related to reproduction
reproductive
68
referring to the organ system that carries out gas exchange; e.g., inhalation and exhalation
respiratory
69
pertaining to, or the formation of saliva
salivary
70
one of the three pair of glands that secretes saliva into the mouth
salivary gland
71
a wall dividing two cavities
septum
72
blood plasma, excluding the clotting factors; the watery, amber-colored portion of the blood after coagulation occurs
serum
73
bone shaped like a sesame seed; a bone embedded in a tendon; the patella is the largest of these
sesamoid bone
74
a paranasal cavity within a bone; a dilated channel for venous blood
sinus
75
pertaining to the bones of the body
skeletal
76
a circular muscle constricting an orifice
sphincter
77
pertaining to or situated near the surface of the body or body part
superficial
78
toward the top of the head; a structure situated above another structure; the opposite of inferior
superior
79
located on the superior portion of the kidney
suprarenal / adrenal
80
relating to the line of union in an immovable articulation, such as between the cranial bones
sutural
81
a joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage
symphysis
82
a group of organs arranged for the performance of a specific function
system
83
a covering or layer
tunic
84
pertaining to the secretion or storage of urine
urinary
85
composed of the kidneys, utterers, bladder, and urethra, the function of which is to filter wastes from the blood stream
urinary system
86
any one of various membranous structures in a hollow organ or passage that temporarily closes to permit the flow of fluid in one direction only
valve
87
pertaining to or composed of vessels
vascular
88
the blood vessels, including arteries, capillaries, and veins, and lymphatics
vascular system
89
located toward the front of the body; anterior
ventral
90
a narrow, worm-shaped tube connected to the cecum
vermiform appendix
91
pertaining to the internal organs contained within a cavity
visceral
92
resistance to flow of a liquid, as in the blood
viscosity
93
pertaining to the cheek bone
zygomatic