Anatomy Exam Flashcards
How many pairs of ribs? true ribs and false ribs
12 pairs, 7 true, 5 false
Upper airway
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx
Lower Airway
Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs
What is the Hilum
entrance for bronchioles
How many lobes of left lung?
Two, superior and inferior
Lingula?
Flap on left lung for gas exchange
How many generations in the conducting zone?
16
How many generations in the transitional zone?
7
Left Coronary arteries
LAD, Distal, circumflex, OM,
Right Coronary arteries
RCA, Right Acute Marginal, Sinoatrial, posterior inter ventricular branch
Sternum is made up of…
manubrium, sternal body, xiphoid process
Larynx
Trachea, epiglottis, vocal chords
What does bone marrow make?
Makes stem cells which produce platelets, WBCs, and RBCs
3 vessels off aortic arch in order
Brachiocephalic (Annonimate), Left common carotid, Left Subclavian
Primordia of upper airway
nasal sac, stomodeum forgut
Primordia of lower airway
Laryngotracheal tracheal diverticulum (lung bud) of splanchnopleure foregut
Transverse plane
Superior (top), Inferior (bottom)
Frontal/coronal
Anterior(front), Posterior (back)
Sagital/lateral
medial(towards center), Lateral (away from center)
Pelvic girdle belongs to which skeleton?
Appendicular
Congenital Diaphragmatic hernia
results from failure of pleural peritoneal membranes to grow across foreman of bochdaleck
4 primordial of diaphragm
-Septum transversum
-Pleuroperitoneal membranes
-mesentary of esophagus
-Cervical somite myotomes
Circle of willis in order
-Anterior Cervical
-communicating artery
-Internal Carotid
-posterior communicating
-posterior cerebral
-basilar
What do the muscles of inspiration do?
Widen the chest for air to enter
Muscles of inspiration
-Sternocleidomastoid
-Scalenes
-Anterior
-Middle
-Posterior
Frontal lobe function
Higher mental function. Problem solving, thinking, planning, judgement, emotional expression, creativity, behavioral control
Phrenic nerve function
Provides motor function to your diaphragm
Embryonic blood vessel derivatives Aortic arch 3
Forms common and internal carotid arteries
Carotid body
Senses chemical changes in the blood
Carotid sinus
Baroreceptor controlling blood pressure and HR
Carotid body/sinus controlled by which nerve
Herring nerve which is a branch of glossopharyngeal
Which Coronary artery is considered to have coronary dominance in 80% of people
Posterior Descending of the RCA
Postnatal Circulation steps
1) first breath clears airway and decreases pulmonary pressure in vascular beds
2) decreased pulm. pressure causes blood to enter lungs instead of ductus arteriosus of arch.
3) Blood rushes from lungs to LA closing foreman ovale
4) O2 levels rise in umbilical arteries causing spasm
5) uterus contracts forcing placental blood into fetus. umbilical vein collapses
Crainial nerve 2?
Optic
Crainial nerve “13”
Terminal
S1 Sound
lub
S2 Sound
Dub
What is happening at S1
Closure of AV valves
What is happening at S2
Closure of Semilunar valves
Conduction system pacemaker
SA node
What interacts with the SA node on LA
Bachmans bundle
Order of conduction
-SA node
-AV node via internal tract (delay)
-Bundle of his
-R/L bundle branches
-Perkinje fibers
Where does most of the sympathetic NS arise?
Thoracic Spine
