Anatomy (abdominal viscera and thorax) Flashcards
What is the peritoneum
Membrane coming from the mesoderm which lines the abdominalpelvic cavity
Partietal peritoneum
Lines the internal surface of the abdominopelvic cavity
What type of innervation does the parietal peritoneum receive
Somatic
Visceral peritoneum
Invests around the organs
What type of innervation does the viscera receive
Autonomic
Peritoneal cavity
Space between the parietal and viscera
Mesentaries
Double layered peritoneum which runs in between organs
What structures have mesenteries
Mostly the Small intestine
Also the colon(mesocolon)
And the appendix (mesoapendx)
Omentum
Double layered peritoneal fold that goes over the stomach
Lesser omentum
Double layered peritoneum that connects the liver to the duodenum
What makes up the portal triad
Hepatic artery, bile duct, hepatic portal vein
What are the regions of the stomach
Cardiac
Funds (bottom of sac)
Body
Pyloris (gas maker)
What are the 2 largest glands in the body
1) Skin
2) Liver
Falciform ligament
Double layered peritoneal fold over the liver dividing the right and left lobes
What did the round ligament used to be
The umbilical vein
What does the gallbladder do
Concentrates and excretes bile
What is the Cystic duct
Connects the gallbladder to the hepatic duct
Where is the spleen located
The retroperitoneal space in the upper left quadrant
What is the function of the spleen
Removing old red blood cells and platelets
What are the 4 divisions of the duodenum
Superior
Descending
Horizontal
Ascending
What does the pancreas do
Has endocrine (insulin Glucagon) And exorcise functions (digestive enzymes)
Where is the pancreas
Retroperitoneal, posterior to the stomach. Lies on the abdominal aorta on the level of S2
Regions of the Large intestine
Ceccum Appendix Ascending colon Hepatic Flexure Transverse colon Splendid Flexure Descending Colon Sigmoid colon Rectum
What level is the rectosigmoid junction at
S3 vertebrae
Where are the kidneys located
Retroperoneal against the posterior abdominal wall
What is the kidneys function
Carry urine to the bladder using the ureters
What makes up the pelvic cavity
The pelvic girdle
What is the pelvic diaphragm
The floor of the pelvis. @ muscles included are the coccygeus and Levator ani
What makes up the external surface of the pelvis
No external surface area
*Overlapped by abdominal cavity region anteriorly
Gluteal region posteriorly
Perineal region inferiorly
Which joints in the pelvis are Synovial joints
Anterior Sacroiliac but the mobility is very limited
What make up the posterior Sacroiliac ligaments
Continuations of the deep interosseus ligaments
What function do the posterior SI ligaments serve
Pull the Ilium inward when the body weight is placed on scrum
What are the functions of the pelvic floor
Supports the abdominopelvic viscera
Resists intaabdominal pressure
Relaxes to allow dedication and urination
What are the attachment points of the pubococcygeus
Posterior part of pubis
The coccyx via the anococcygeal ligament
What is the puborectalis
U-shaped muscular sling and loops around the anorectal junction.
What makes up the urogenital triangle
Ischiocavernosus muscle
Bulbosponiosus muscle
Superficial transverse peroneal muscle
*also the external genitalia
What makes up the anal triangle
The Perineal Body
Ischioanla fossa
Anal Canal
Internal and external anal sphincter
What is another name for pedundal canal
Alcock canal
Where is the peudendal canal located
On the lateral wall of the ischioanal fossa, just inferior to the ischial spine
What rib attaches to the sternomandibular joint
2nd rib
What is unique about the subtotal muscles
Travel across 2 coastal margins
What organs are in the pulmonary cavities
Lungs
What organs are in the middle mediastinum
Pericardial sac
Heart
Cardiac Nerve plexus
Roots of great vessels
What are the roots of great vessels
Ascending Aorta
Inferior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
Pulmonary trunk
