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Anatomy > Anatomy abdomen > Flashcards

Anatomy abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Umbilicus is at which vertebral level?

A

L3

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2
Q

Lateral border of the rectus sheath is called?

A

Linea semilunaris

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3
Q

Above the arcuate line the anterior rectus sheath consists of?

A

Aponeuroses of external oblique and internal oblique

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4
Q

Above the arcuate line the posterior rectus sheath consists of?

A

Aponeuroses of internal oblique and transversus abdominis

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5
Q

Boundaries of Hesselbach’s triangle

A

Inf epigastric vessels, Rectus abdominis, Inguinal ligament

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6
Q

Structures within spermatic cord (9)

A

Vas deferens, Testicular artery, testicular veins (pampiniform plexus, testicular lymph vessels, autonomic nerves, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve, artery of vas deferens, cremasteric artery, tunica vaginalis

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7
Q

Hernia lateral to inferior epigastric vessels

A

Indirect hernia

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8
Q

Hernia medial to inferior epigastric vessels

A

Direct hernia

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9
Q

Hernia entering the scrotal sac

A

Indirect hernia

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10
Q

Cremasteric reflex is from what nerve root?

A

L1

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11
Q

Abdominal derivative of Dartos muscle

A

Superficial fascia

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12
Q

Abdominal derivative of External spermatic fascia

A

External oblique

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13
Q

Abdominal derivative of Cremaster muscle

A

Internal oblique

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14
Q

Abdominal derivative of Internal spermatic fascia

A

Transversalis fascia

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15
Q

Abdominal derivative of Tunica vaginalis

A

Peritoneum

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16
Q

Is the genital branch of genitofemoral nerve motor or sensory

A

Motor

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17
Q

Sensory nerve mediating cremasteric reflex

A

Ilioinguinal nerve

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18
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

Pancreas, Ureter, Kidney, IVC, Duodenum, Ascending colon, Descending colon, Abdominal Aorta (PUKIDADA)

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19
Q

Extraperitoneal organ

A

Inferior rectum

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20
Q

Communication between the greater and lesser omental sacs

A

Foramen of winslow (aka Epiploic foramen)

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21
Q

Attachment of greater omentum

A

Greater curvature of stomach

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22
Q

Attachments of lesser omentum

A

Lesser curvature of stomach, proximal duodenum, Hepatogastric ligament

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23
Q

This ligament encases the portal triad

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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24
Q

Portal triad consists of

A

Hepatic artery, portal vein, common bile duct

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25
Q

Which structure is clamped in Pringles maneuver?

A

Hepatic artery and portal vein

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26
Q

Abdominal aorta bifurcates into common iliac at which vertebral level?

A

L4

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27
Q

Vertebral level of celiac artery

A

T12

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28
Q

Vertebral level of SMA

A

L1

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29
Q

Vertebral level of IMA

A

L3

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30
Q

Celiac artery branches

A

Left gastric, Splenic, Hepatic arteries

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31
Q

Left gastroepiploic comes from which artery?

A

Splenic artery

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32
Q

Short gastric arteries are supplied by which artery?

A

Splenic artery

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33
Q

Right gastric is supplied by which artery?

A

Hepatic artery

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34
Q

Right and left gastric arteries supply which part of the stomach?

A

Lesser curvature

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35
Q

Right and left gastroepiploic arteries supply which part of the stomach?

A

Greater curvature of stomach

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36
Q

Right gastroepiploic artery comes from which artery?

A

Gastroduodenal branch of hepati artery

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37
Q

SMA branches (6)

A

Inferior pancreaticoduedenal art, Right colic art, Middle colic art, jejunal a, ileal a, ileo-colic a

38
Q

IMA brances (3)

A

Left colic, Sigmoid, Sup Rectal

39
Q

Foregut is supplied by which main artery?

A

Celiac trunk

40
Q

Midgut is supplied by which main artery?

A

SMA

41
Q

Hindgut is supplied by which main artery?

A

IMA

42
Q

1st and 2nd part of the duodenum supplied by which artery?

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal branch of Gastroduodenal artery (from Hepatic artery, from celiac trunk)

43
Q

3rd and 4th part of duodenum supplied by which artery?

A

Inferior pancreaticoduedenal art from SMA

44
Q

Most common site of aortic aneurysm

A

at bifurcation of aorta, L4 vertebra

45
Q

IVC tributaries

A

R/L hepatic, R/L renal, R suprarenal, R gonadal, Inferior phrenic, Lumbar, R/L common iliac, median sacral

46
Q

Left suprarenal and left gonadal veins drain into?

A

Left renal vein

47
Q

Left gastroepiploic vein drains into?

A

Splenic vein

48
Q

Right gastroepiploic vein drains into?

A

SMV

49
Q

Right colic vein drains into?

A

SMV

50
Q

Left colic vein drains into?

A

IMV

51
Q

Tributaries of portal venous system

A

Splenic vein, SMV, IMV, right and left gastric veins, paraumbilical veins

52
Q

Porta-caval anastomosis for esophageal veins?

A

esophageal azygos vein

53
Q

Porta-caval anastomosis for paraumbilical veins?

A

Superficial veins of anterior abdominal wall

54
Q

Porta-caval anastomoses for colic veins?

A

Retroperitoneal veins

55
Q

Porta-caval anastomoses for Superior rectal vein

A

Middle and inferior rectal veins

56
Q

Length of esophagus

A

25cm/10 inches

57
Q

Vertebral level of esophagus, from most superior to most inferior

A

C6 to T10

58
Q

What are the three esophageal constriction?

A

Upper: Pharyngoesophageal, Middle: Thoracic, Inferior: Diaphragmatic

59
Q

Upper or Pharyngoesophageal constricture is caused by which muscle?

A

Cricopharyngeus muscle

60
Q

Narrowest portion of esphagus

A

Upper constriction, or at the cricopharyngeus muscle

61
Q

At the middle or thoracic constriction, these 2 structures cross the esophagus

A

Aortic arch and left main bronchus

62
Q

Structure associated with inferior or or Diaphragmatic constriction

A

Esophageal hiatus

63
Q

Position of the left vagus nerve in relation to the esophagus?

A

Anterior

64
Q

Position of the right vagus nerve in relation to the esophagus?

A

Posterior

65
Q

Arterial supply of upper 1/3 of esophagus

A

Inferior thyroid artery from subclavian artery

66
Q

Arterial supply of middle 1/3 of esophagus

A

Descending thoracic aorta

67
Q

Arterial supply of inferior 1/3 of esophagus

A

Esophageal branch of left gastric artery, from celiac trunk

68
Q

Venous drainage of upper 1/3 of esophagus

A

Inferior thyroid vein

69
Q

Venous drainage of middle 1/3 of esophagus

A

Azygous vein

70
Q

Venous drainage of inferior 1/3 of esophagus

A

Left gastric vein

71
Q

Failure of relaxation of smooth muscle of the esophagus results in this condition

A

Achalasia

72
Q

Nerves that may be compressed in sliding hiatal hernia

A

Vagal trunks

73
Q

Location of Bochdalek hernia?

A

Left posterolateral diaphragm

74
Q

Location of Morgagni hernia?

A

Anterior

75
Q

Most common congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

Bochdalek

76
Q

Non-sliding type of hernia, where the fundus or body of the stomach enters the mediastinum is called?

A

Para-esophageal hernia

77
Q

Inflatable tube used for management of esophageal varices

A

Sengstaken-Blakemore Baloon

78
Q

Parts of the stomach

A

Cardia, Fundus, Body, Pylorus

79
Q

Parietal cells secrete?

A

HCl and Intrinsic factor

80
Q

Chief cells secrete?

A

Pepsinogen

81
Q

Blood supply of gastric fundus?

A

Short gastric arteries

82
Q

Gastric contents exiting a posterior perforation will accumulate in the:

A

Omental bursa / Lesser sac

83
Q

Blood supply of greater curvature of stomach?

A

R/L Gastroepiploic arterioes

84
Q

Blood supply of lesser curvature of stomach?

A

R/L gastric arteries

85
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the stomach

A

R/L Vagus nerves

86
Q

sympathetic innervation of the stomach?

A

T6-T9

87
Q

Average NGT length?

A

44cm

88
Q

Most common location of gastric ulcers?

A

lesser curvature, body of stomach

89
Q

Most common location of gastric CA

A

pylorus

90
Q

Length of duodenum

A

25cm/10inches

91
Q

Blood supply of duoedenum

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery from gastroduodenal, and inferior gastroduodenal artery from SMA

92
Q

Venous drainage of duoedenum

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal vein –> portal vein, and inferior gastroduodenal vein –> SMV

Anatomy (5 decks)

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