Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro anatomy Exam 1 > Anatomy 9b - CN 7-12 > Flashcards

Anatomy 9b - CN 7-12 Flashcards

1
Q

2 neuron types for CN 5 (trigeminal)

A
  1. Somatosensory - skin, muscle, and joint conscious sensor receptors of the anterior 2/3 head
  2. Somatomotor - muscles of mastication and tensor tympani
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ophthalmic V1
What fissure does it pass through?
What does it innervate?

A
  • Pseudounipolar
  • Passes through superior orbital fissure
  • Innervates upper forehead, cornea, upper eyelid, dorsum of nose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Maxillary V2
What fissure does it pass through?
What does it innervate?

A
  • Pseudounipolar
  • Passes through foramen rotundum
  • Innervates middle face-lower lid, lateral nose, cheek, upper jaw/teeth, palate, upper lip
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mandibular V3
What fissure does it pass through?
What does it innervate?

A
  • -Pseudounipolar
  • Passes through foramen ovale
  • Innervates lower face-lower lip, lower jaw/teeth, tongue, chin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q 
Sensory pathway of V1,2,3:
What ganglion is 1st soma found in?
Where is ganglion?
V1,2,3 become what?
Synapse to secondary neuron where?
A
  1. V1,2,3
  2. Trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion - soma of pseudounipolar primary sensory neuron located at base of sella turcica
  3. Trigeminal nerve - central axons of pseudounipolar sensory neuron (connects at level of pons)
  4. Trigeminal sensory nuclei - at level of midbrain/pons/medulla synapse to secondary neuron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Central axons carrying pain/temp signals from face->

A

-> descend from pons to medulla and synapse with spinal trigeminal nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Central axons carrying touch/proprioception signals from face->

A

-> synapse with main sensory nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Central axons carrying proprioception of jaw signals from face->

A

-> synapse with mesencephalic nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where do sensory neurons from CN 5 cross?

What do they ascend in?

A

Cross mostly near level of secondary nucleus and ascend in trigeminal lemniscus
(some uncrossed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Before sensory neurons from CN 5 get to inferior post central gyrus, where do they synapse?

A

In VPM of thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Motor pathway of CN 5:
Start with: R/L precentral gyrus
End with muscles it innervates

-Name upper and motor neuron of motor pathway

A
  1. R/L precentral gyrus (lateral homunculus) = upper motor neuron
  2. Corticobulbar tract
  3. Crossed and uncrossed bilateral input to motor nucleus trigeminal n = lower motor neuron
  4. Trigeminal Nerve
  5. Runs with mandibular n to muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly digastric, tensor tympani (middle ear)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Taste buds -

A

Taste results from chemical interaction between molecules in mouth and membrane
Taste buds - sensory organ
-Chemo receptor on receptor cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are taste buds located? (4 places)

A

On papillae of tongue, soft palate, pharynx, and larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gustatory receptor cells (hair cells) -
Extends to surface through what?
Synapse with what?

A
  • Cell which have receptors for taste molecules
  • Have long microvillus (gustatory hair) which extends to the surface through the taste pore
  • Dendrites of CN synapse on gustatory receptor cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Basal cells -

Lifespan?

A

Stem cells that develop into gustatory receptor cells (lifespan of 10 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Receptors in tip of tongue more sensitive to what?

A

Sweet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Receptors in posterior tongue more sensitive to what?

A

Bitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Receptors in lateral tongue more sensitive to what?

A

sour/salty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Adaptation of taste -

A
  • Decrease sensitivity to particular taste stimuli that continuously exposed to
  • Complete in 1-5 min
20
Q

Describe gustatory pathway:
Start with - bite of food chewed
End with - AP generated down what neurons?

A
  1. Bite of food chewed and dissolved into molecules
  2. Molecules dissolve in saliva
  3. Molecules binds receptor on gustatory receptor hair cell
    4 Gustatory hair cell releases chemical messenger
    5.Binds to chemical gated channel on dendrite of pseudounipolar taste neuron
  4. AP generated on peripheral process of pseudounipolar neuron CN 7, 9, 10
21
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue taste receptors stimulate what CN and travels through what ganglia?

A

CN 7

Geniculate ganglia

22
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue taste receptors stimulate what CN and travels through what ganglia?

A

CN 9

Inferior petrosal ganglia of CN9

23
Q

Base of tongue/pharynx tongue taste receptors stimulate what CN and travels through what ganglia?

A

CN 10
Inferior (no dose) ganglia of CN 10
*acid reflex

24
Q

CN 7, 9, 10 enter brain stem and travel in what tract?

A

Solitary tract

25
Q

Primary neuron of gustatory pathway will synapse where?

Crossed/Uncrossed?

A

Synapse in gustatory portion of solitary nucleus

Probably crossed and uncrossed

26
Q

Tertiary neuron of gustatory pathway will travel to what 2 places?

A
  1. Tertiary neuron in VPM of thalamus -> bilateral cerebral cortex (insula, inferior postcentral gyrus) for tast differentiation
  2. Limbic system (amygdale) for emotional response to taste
27
Q

Neuron types in facial n (CN7) (4)

A
  1. Special sensory for taste (pseudounipolar neuron)
  2. Somatosensory for proprioception of muscles of facial expression, skin sensation posterior ear, external auditory meatus (pseudounipolar)
  3. Somatic motor to muscles of facial expression, stapedius
  4. Autonomic motor (preganglionic parasymp)
28
Q

Sensory pathway for CN 7:

  1. Start with receptors
  2. Primary neuron
  3. Secondary
  4. Tertiary
  5. Ascend where? Ipsi/contralateral?
A
  1. Receptors
  2. Geniculate ganglia located in petrous portion of temporal bone = primary neuron
  3. Spinal (trigeminal) n of 5 (primarily pain/temp from entire face) = secondary neuron
  4. VPM of thalamus = tertiary neuron
  5. Ascend to contralateral postcentral gyrus (crossed)
29
Q

SomatoMotor pathways to muscles of facial expression for CN 7
1. Start with precentral gyrus
2. What tract does it descend in?
3. What is the lower motor neuron?
4. CN 7 exits brainstem at what part of brainstem?
5, How does it leave cranial cavity?
6. Divides into what?

A
  1. precentral gyrus = upper motor neuron
  2. Corticobulbar tracts
  3. Facial nucleus = lower motor neuron at level of open medulla
  4. CN7 exits brainstem at junction of pons/medulla
  5. Leaves cranial cavity via stylomastoid foramen
  6. Divides into cutaneous nerves of parotid plexus providing motor to muscles of facial expression
30
Q

Finish sentence: (bilateral/contralateral)
upper facial muscles get ______
Lower facial muscles get _______

A
  • Upper facial muscles get bilateral (crossed and uncrossed)

- Lower facial muscles get contralateral (crossed only)

31
Q

Name the 6 cutaneous nerves of parotid plexus providing motor to muscles of facial expression

A
  1. Auricular
  2. Temporal branch
  3. Zygomatic branch
  4. Buccal branch
  5. Marginal (mandibular branch)
  6. Cervical branch
32
Q

Somatomotor pathway of CN 7 to stapedes muscle:

A
  1. Branch of CN 7 enters petrous portion of temporal bone through internal acoustic meatus
  2. Innervate stapedes muscle of middle ear
33
Q

Autonomic motor pathway of CN 7:

1. Name parasymp preganglionic and postganglionic neuron (2 post) and what they innervate

A
  1. Superior salivary nucleus = parasymp preganglionic neurons in rostral open medulla
  2. Parasymp post ganglionic cells in:
    - Ptergopalatine ganglia to lacrimal glands
    - Submandibular ganglia to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
34
Q

Neuron types of Glossopharyngeal CN 9 (5):

A
  1. Somatosensory from posterior ear
  2. Special sensory for taste
  3. Visceral sensory from carotid sinus and carotid body
  4. Somatomotor to stylopharyngeous m
  5. Autonomic motor (preganglionic parasymp) to salivary glands
35
Q

Somatosensory pathway for CN 9:
Start with: base of tongue/posterior ear
What is primary/secondary neuron
What two end points?

A
  1. Somatosensory from base of tongue/posterior ear
  2. Superior ganglia of CN 9 = primary sensory neuron
  3. Spinal trigeminal nucleas of CN 5 = secondary
  4. a. Sensory part of gag reflex with CN 10
  5. b. VPM of thalamus and crossed postcentral gyrus
36
Q 
Visceral sensory pathway for CN 9:
Start with: carotid body/sinus
What ganglia?
What nucleus?
What two end points?
A
  1. Carotid body and sinus
  2. Inferior ganglia of CN 9 = petrosal ganglia
  3. Solitary nucleus (cardiovascular region)
  4. Cardiovascular reflex with CN 10 or sympathetics
37
Q

Somatomotor pathway of CN 9 to stylopharyngeous:

  1. UMN?
  2. Descends in what tract?
  3. LMN?
A
  1. Precentral gyrus = upper motor neuron
  2. Corticobulbar tracts
  3. Nucleas ambiguous in medulla = lower motor neuron
  4. Stylopharyngeus
38
Q

Autonomic motor pathway of CN 9 parasympathetic to parotid gland:

  1. What nucleus in brain stem?
  2. What preganglionic neuron
  3. Where is postganglionic neuron?
A
  1. Inferior salivary nucleus in medulla
  2. Otic ganglia = preganglionic neuron
  3. Parasymp postganglionic neuron in wall of parotid gland
  4. Parotid gland secretory cells
39
Q

What type of neurons in CN 10 Vagus (5):

A
  1. Somatosensory from posterior ear and external auditory canal
  2. Viscerosensory from organs of thorax and abdomen/aortic arch baro- and chemoreceptors
  3. Special sensory from tast buds on epiglottis and pharynx
  4. Somatomotor to pharyngeal, laryngeal muscles, and palatoglossus of tongue
  5. Autonomic motor - preganglionic parasymp to organs of thorax and abdomen
40
Q

Somatosensory pathway for CN 10:

  1. Start with posterior ear/external auditory canal
  2. What ganglion?
  3. What nucleus?
  4. Where in thalamus?
  5. End point?
A
  1. Posterior ear and external auditory canal
  2. Superior (jugular) ganglion of CN 10 = primary pseudounipolar neuron
  3. Spinal (trigeminal) nucleus of CN 5
  4. VPM of thalamus
  5. Contralateral postcentral gyrus
41
Q

Visceral sensory pathway for CN 10:

  1. Start with interoreceptors
  2. What ganglia?
  3. What nucleus?
  4. What are 2 possible end points?
A
  1. Interoreceptors of thoracic and abdominal organs (aortic arch baro- and chemoreceptors)
  2. Inferior (no dose) ganglia of CN10
  3. Solitary nucleus
  4. Reflex cardiovascular control with dorsal motor nucleus of CN 10 or sympathetics
42
Q

Somatomotor pathway for CN 10:

  1. Where is the UMN?
  2. What tract does it descend in?
  3. Where is LMN?
  4. What muscles does it innervate?
A
  1. Precentral gyrus = upper motor neuron
  2. Corticobulbar
  3. Nucleus ambiguous = lower motor neuron
  4. Muscles of pharynx, larynx, and palatoglossus
43
Q

Autonomic pathway for CN 10:

  1. Where is preganglionic neuron?
  2. Where is post?
  3. What does it innervate?
A
  1. Dorsal motor nucleus = preganglionic neuron
  2. Postganglionic neuron in wall of organ of innervation
  3. Neck, thorax (heart, lungs) abdominal organ
44
Q

What neuron type (1) CN 11 spinal accessory?

A
  1. Somatomotor to SCM and traps
45
Q

Somatomotor pathway for CN 11:

  1. UMN?
  2. What tract it descends?
  3. Where does it cross?
  4. LMN?
  5. Where does it ascend?
  6. Enter cranium through?
  7. Exit cranium through?
  8. What does it innervate?
A
  1. Precentral gyrus head region = UMN
  2. Corticospinal tract
  3. Cross over in decussation of pyramids
  4. Ventral horn C1-C5,6 = LMN
  5. Spinal accessory n ascend vertebral canal
  6. Enter cranium via forament magnum
  7. Exit cranium via jugular foramen
  8. Trap/SCM
46
Q

Type of neuron (1) Hypoglossal CN12

A
  1. Somatomotor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (except palatoglossus CN10)
47
Q

Somatomotor pathway for CN 12:

  1. UMN?
  2. What tract it descends?
  3. Cross
  4. LMN?
  5. What canal?
  6. Branches to where?
A
  1. Precentral gyrus, inferior = UMN
  2. Cortocobulbar tract
  3. Cross over
  4. Hypoglossal nucleus = LMN
  5. Hypoglossal canal
  6. Branches to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (except palatoglossus)

Neuro anatomy Exam 1 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions