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Beks yoga teacher training > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is Anatomy

A

It is the structure of the body - the various body parts and how they are formed

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2
Q

What is physiology

A

The function of the body parts and what they do

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3
Q

What are the four components/systems that make up the physical body?

A

Muscular system
Skeletal system
Nervous system
Connective tissues

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4
Q

What does the sagittal plane refer to?

A

Dividing the body into left and right parts

Movements will be up and down, flexion and extension

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5
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides the body into front and back sections

Movements will be sideways - abduction and adduction

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6
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into top and bottom sections - from the midline

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7
Q

Medial

A

Close to the midline

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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9
Q

Distal

A

Distance from the trunk

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10
Q

Proximal

A

Proximity to the trunk

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11
Q

Anterior

Posterior

A

Front of body or structure

Back of body or structure

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12
Q

Superior

A

Above the head

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13
Q

Inferior

A

Below the head

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14
Q

Superficial

A

Close to the surface of the body

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15
Q

Deep

A

Furthest away from the surface

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16
Q

Flexion

A

Brings the spine down and towards the legs, often into a rounded position - for example balasana, cat, seated forward fold

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17
Q

Extension

A

Increasing the angle in the spine - lengthening the spine upwards and backwards. Backbends, wheel/Urdhva Dhanurasana, cow, camel, cobra/bhujangasana,

18
Q

Abduction

A

Away from the midline in the sideway motion - think of the word ‘abduct’ meaning to take away!

19
Q

Adduction

A

Towards the midline - think of ‘adding’

20
Q

Rotation

A

Happens across the body - to twist or turn

21
Q

Axial skeleton

A

The scull, spine and ribs

22
Q

Appendicular

A

The upper and lower limbs plus the bones that form the ‘girdle’ connecting the upper and lower limbs to the axial skeleton - these are the pelvic and shoulder girdle

23
Q

Describe the bones, muscles and ligaments

A

The bones are the framework of the body, protecting the vital organs. Bones connect to other bone and are jointed together by connective tissue such as muscles, ligaments and tendons. The bones support the body and the muscles and ligaments allow everything to move in a safe and supported way.

24
Q

What influences health synovial joints

A

Backing off when pain is felt and avoiding excessive activity that may cause wear and tear. Excessive weight may put too much pressure on a joint. Building muscles will help support the core and in turn support the joints. A good balanced diet will also nourish the body and joints.

25
Q

In addition to synovial joints, what others are there?

A

Fibrous and cartilaginous

26
Q

Which three tissues connect bones?

A

Ligaments, connective tissue and tendons

27
Q

Is a balanced joint space necessarily symmetrical?

A

No, a balanced joint will not always be evenly distributed at all points of the range of movement

28
Q

What creates imbalance in a joint?

A

Damage to the muscle which may cause stiffness, shortening, weakness and tightness

29
Q

List the spinal actions

A

Flexion, extension and lateral movement

30
Q

What is concentric contraction?

A

It is an activity that causes a shortening or tightening in the muscle

31
Q

What is eccentric action?

A

Movement/activity which lengthens the muscle

32
Q

What is isometric action?

A

Activity when the angle of the joint remains the same

33
Q

What are agonist and antagonist

A

They work against each other - agonist is a chemical that binds to the receptor but the antagonist blocks the action

34
Q

Long bones provide leverage or stability?

Give one example of such a bone?

A

Leverage

Femur

35
Q

Flat bones such as the heel provide stability or leverage?

Give one example of such a bone

A

Stability

Illium

36
Q

Vertebral bodies/bones are for stability or to bear weight?

A

Bear weight

37
Q

Examples of ball and socket joints?

A

Shoulder - designed to provide maximum range of motion

Hips - designed for stability

38
Q

The Pelvic Girdle does what?

A

Connects the lower limbs to the upper(axial) skeleton.

39
Q

What does the shoulder girdle do?

A

It is the yoke that connects the upper extremities to the axial skeleton.

40
Q

What is the purpose of a ball and socket joint?

A

To support mobility in all directions and is useful for activities such as changing direction while walking or running or reaching for objects (shoulder joint)

41
Q

What is the purpose of the hinge joint?

A

To provide greater stability and is useful for propelling the body forward and backwards (elbow joint)

Beks yoga teacher training (7 decks)

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