Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Principles Em > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is paralysis?

A

A motor nerve problem where there is no contraction and reduced tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is spasticity?

A

Problem with descending brain control and there is increased tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can paralysis lead to?

A

Atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is bifurcation?

A

Splitting of the artery due to turbulence in order to control pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 6 pulses and where are they found?

A 
Radial (wrist)
Carotid (neck)
Bracheal (upper arm)
Femoral (groin)
Popliteal (behind knee)
Dorsalis pedis (dorsal surface or foot)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What arteries run off the aortic arch?

A

Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which arteries branch off the ascending aorta?

A

Left coronary artery

Right coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the descending aorta turn into?

A

The thoracic then abdominal which splits into the right and left common iliacs arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the progression of the names of the arteries in your arm?

A

Subclavian then axillary then brachial then radial/ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the progression of the arteries in your legs?

A

External iliac then femoral then popliteal then post tibial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a spermatic cord made up of?

A

Vast deferens
Pampiniform plexus
Testicular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the passage of the sperm?

A 
Seminiferous tubules
Rete testis
Epididymis 
Vas deferens which go around the bladder
Joins with the seminal glands
Goes through the prostate
Enters the urethra
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the passage of the testes during development?

A

Posterior wall of abdomen
Through the layers of abdominal wall
Through inguinal canal
Into the scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do nerves do?

A

Allow us to sense and react to our environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give examples of sensory functions.

A

Touch
Pain
Temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are your special senses?

A 
Taste
Smell
Sight
Hearing
Balance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are your motor functions?

A

Movement, can be voluntary or involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are reflexes?

A

A sensory input and a motor output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the anatomical subdivisions of the nervous system?

A

CNS and PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What makes up your CNS?

A

Brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What makes up your PNS?

A

Spinal nerves, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves (all nerve tissue out with the CNS)
PNS is like the wiring coming out of the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a neuron?

A

A nerve cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the parts of a neuron?

A

Body
Dendrites
Axon/nerve fibre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

A collection of nerve cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is an axon?
A nerve fibre carrying action potentials
26
What are peripheral nerves?
Bundles of axons wrapped in connective tissue travelling to or from the same structure
27
What are the 6 modalities an axon could carry?
``` Somatic sensory function Somatic motor function Special sensory function Visceral affront function Sympathetic function Parasympathetic function ```
28
Spinal nerves and branches have mixed modalities. True or false?
True | They have somatic motor, somatic sensory and sympathetic
29
How many cranial nerves have mixed modalities?
5
30
Where does the motor function originate from and go to?
Originates in the CNS then goes into the PNS towards the body wall or organ
31
Where does the sensory function originate from and go to?
The PNS to the CNS - action potential towards the brain
32
What are the gyri?
This bit that sticks up- Part of the outermost layer of the cerebral hemispheres
33
What are the sulci?
The grooves/deeper bits in the outer layer of the cerebral hemisphere
34
What are the 4 lobes of the brain?
Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal
35
How many cranial nerves are there?
12 pairs
36
What are the names of the cranial nerves?
``` Cn I = olfactory nerve Cn II = optic nerve Cn III = oculomotor nerve Cn IV = trochlear nerve Cn V = trigeminal nerves Cn VI = abducent nerve Cn VII = facial nerve Cn VIII = vestibulocochlear nerve Cn IX = glossopharyngeal nerve Cn X = vagus nerve Cn XI = spinal accessory nerve Cn XII = hypoglossal nerve ```
37
What is the mnemonic to remember the modalities of the cranial nerves?
Some say marry money but my brother says big boobs matter more
38
How are the cranial nerves ordered if looking from an inferior view?
From anterior to posterior and from medial to lateral
39
What are the 3 areas that the inferior view of the cranium can be split into?
Anterior cranial fossa Middle cranial fossa Posterior cranial fossa
40
Which cranial nerves enter/exit in the anterior cranial fossa?
Cn I = olifacory nerve
41
Which cranial nerves enter/exit through the middle cranial fossa?
``` Cn II Cn III Cn IV Cn Va,Vb and Vc Cn VI ```
42
Which cranial nerve has 3 parts?
Cn V
43
Which cranial nerves enter/exit through the posterior cranial fossa?
``` CN VII CN VIII CN IX CN X CN XI CN XII ```
44
Where does the CN I enter/exit?
Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
45
Where does CN II enter/exit?
Optic canal
46
What cranial nerves enter/exit through the superior orbital fissure?
CN III CN IV CN Va CN VI
47
Where does CN Vb enter/exit?
Foramen rotundum
48
Where does CN Vc enter/exit?
Foramen ovale
49
Where do CN VII & CN VIII enter/exit?
Internal acoustic meatus
50
Where do CN IX, X & XI enter/exit?
Jugular foramen
51
What CN enter/exit through the hypoglossal canal?
CN XIII
52
What goes through the foramen magnum?
The spinal cord
53
What are the 4 segments of the spinal cord?
Cervical (top) Thoracic Lumbar Sacral/coccygeal (bottom)
54
In which segments are the 2 enlargements?
Cervical and lumbosacral
55
How many spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs
56
Where does the spinal cord end?
Inferiorly at L1/L2 - conus medullaris
57
What is the end of the vertebral column called?
Cauda equina
58
what is parasympathetic innervation made up from?
Cranial nerves III, VII, IX and X | PLUS sacral spinal nerves
59
Somatic pain is?
sharp, stabbing, well localised
60
Visceral pain is?
dull, aching, nauseating, poorly localised
61
radiating pain is?
pain felt in one location and spreading
62
referred pain is?
pain felt ONLY at a site remote to the area of damage
63
which part of the brain brings body wall sensations into consciousness?
postcentral gryus of the parietal lobe
64
which part of the brain brings about contractions of the body wall's skeletal muscle?
precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe

Principles Em (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions