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Year 2 Systems > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

S

A

Suprarenal glands

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2
Q

A

A

Aorta/IVC

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3
Q

D

A

Duodenum (except first part)

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4
Q

P

A

Pancreas (not tail)

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5
Q

U

A

Ureters

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6
Q

C

A

Colon (ascending and descending, not transverse or sigmoid)

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7
Q

K

A

Kidneys

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8
Q

(o)E

A

Oesophagus

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9
Q

R

A

Rectum

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10
Q

What are the muscles of facial expression?

A 
Frontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Platysma
Buccinator
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11
Q

What innervates the muscles of facial expression?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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12
Q

How are the muscles of facial expression attached?

A

Directly to bone or fascia

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13
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the internal acoustic meatus?

A

Vestibulocochlear

Facial

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14
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the superior orbital fissure?

A

Trochlear
Abducent
Oculomotor
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal

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15
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the jugular foramen?

A

Vagus
Accessory
Glossopharyngeal

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16
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary branch of trigeminal

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17
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the foramen ovale?

A

Mandibular branch of trigeminal

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18
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the hypoglossal canal?

A

Hypoglossal

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19
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the cribiform plate of ethmoid?

A

Olfactory

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20
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via the optic canal?

A

Optic

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21
Q

Whta is the nerve innervation of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

C1-3

thyrohyoid innervated by C1 and hypoglossal

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22
Q

At what vertebral level do the kidneys lie?

A

T12 - L3

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23
Q

What are the actions of the superior oblique muscle?

A

Depression
Abduction
Intorsion

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24
Q

What are the actions of the inferior oblique muscle?

A

Elevation
Abduction
Extorsion

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25
Q

What is the function of the levator palpebrae superioris?

A

Elevates eyelids

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26
Q

Which ligaments prevent over adduction/abduction?

A

Medial and lateral check ligaments

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27
Q

What is the function of the suspensory ligament?

A

Supports the eyeball

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28
Q

What surrounds the vascular compartment of the neck?

A

Carotid sheath

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29
Q

What is the round ligament of the liver a remnant of?

A

Umbilical vein

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30
Q

What structures are present in the porta hepatis?

A

Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Bile passages

31
Q

At what level does the CCA divide into the ICA and ECA in the neck?

A

C3/4

32
Q

Which of the CCA branches gives off its own branches in the neck?

A

ECA branches in the neck

33
Q

What vein merges with the internal jugular vein and what do they form?

A

Subclavian vein merges with the IJV to form the brachiocephalic vein

34
Q

What does the external jugular vein drain?

A

Scalp and face

35
Q

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

Rotation of head

Flexion of neck

36
Q

What is the action of the trapezius?

A

Movement of scapula

Extension of the neck

37
Q

Which ribs are related to the spleen?

A

9-11

38
Q

What are valveless vains called?

A

Emissary veins

39
Q

Are the arteries at the front or the back of the head branches of the ICA?

A

Front

40
Q

What is the function of emissary veins?

A

Connect scalp veins with diploic veins of the skull bone

41
Q

Where does the scalp extend?

A

Anteriorly - eyebrows
Posteriorly - superior nuchal lines
Laterally - superior temporal line

42
Q

SCALP

A 
Skin
dense Connective tissue
epicranial Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium
43
Q

Which layer are the blood vessels found in the scalp?

A

Dense connective tissue

44
Q

What does the epicranial aponeurosis connect?

A

Frontalis and occipitalis

45
Q

Drainage of the maxillary sinus

A

Middle meatus

46
Q

Drainage of the sphenoid sinus

A

Sphenoethmoidal recess into middle meatus

47
Q

Drainage of the frontal sinus

A

Frontal recess via the middle meatus

48
Q

Drainage of the ethmoid sinus

A

Anterior - middle meatus

Posterior - superior meatus

49
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates the nose?

A

Olfactory

50
Q

What kind of epithelium lines the nasal cavity?

A

Stratified squamous

51
Q

What is the rectus sheath made up of?

A

Aponeurosis of transversus abdominis, external and internal oblique

52
Q

How does the rectus sheath differ above and below the umbilicus?

A

Above - covers abdominis anteriorly and posteriorly

Below - covers only anteriorly

53
Q

Which two bones form the nasal septum?

A

Vomer

Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid

54
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ?

A

Bilateral synovial joint

55
Q

What secretes aqueous humour?

A

Ciliary body

56
Q

What are the attachments of the greater omentum?

A

Greater curavture of the stomach to proximal part of the duodenum

57
Q

What are the attachments of the lesser omentum?

A

Lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

58
Q

What type of epithelium does the oesophagus have?

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium

59
Q

What is contained within the submucosa of the oesophagus?

A

Mucous glands

60
Q

What is the portal vein formed from?

A

Superior mesenteric and splenic vein

61
Q

What are the folds of the stomach?

A

Rugae

62
Q

What are the four groups of lymph nodes that drain the stomach?

A

Gastric
Pancreaticosplenic
Gastro-omental
Superior/inferior pyloric lymph nodes

63
Q

Where do the stomach lymph nodes drain?

A

Coeliac lymph nodes

64
Q

What is the blood supply to the foregut?

A

Coeliac trunk

65
Q

What is the blood supply to the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric a.

66
Q

What is the blood supply to the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric a.

67
Q

What structures are contained in the foregut?

A 
Oesophagus
Stomach
Liver
Gall bladder
Proximal duodenum
Spleen
Pancreas
68
Q

What structures are contained in the midgut?

A 
Distal duodenum
Part of pancreas
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
Right transverse colon
69
Q

What structures are contained in the hindgut?

A

Left transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum

70
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid

71
Q

What is the action of the phrenic nerve?

A

Diaphragm innervation

72
Q

What is the level of origin of the phrenic nerve?

A

C3-5

73
Q

What is contained within the diencephalon?

A 
Epithalamus
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Ventral thalamus
Third ventricle
74
Q

What is the nerve supply of the abdominal muscles?

A

Thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves

T7-11

Year 2 Systems (9 decks)

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