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Anatomy 2 > Anatomy 2: Exam 3 Material The Heart > Flashcards

Anatomy 2: Exam 3 Material The Heart Flashcards

0
Q

The 2 upper chambers (L &R) of the human heart is the ____

A

Atria

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1
Q

The space between the two lungs which houses the heart and great blood vessels is the ____.

A

Mediastinum

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2
Q

A single upper chamber of the heart is the ____.

A

Atrium

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3
Q

The oval shaped opening naturally present between the atria of a FETAL heart is the ____.

A

Foramen ovale

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4
Q

The left side of the human heart is ____ while the right side of the human heart is ____.

A

Blue

Red

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5
Q

The oval shaped shallow depression, best seen in the right atrium in the adult heart, represents where the Foramen ovale used to be located in the infant heart is the ____.

A

Fossa Ovalis

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6
Q

The 2 lower chambers (L & R) of the heart are called ____.

A

Ventricles

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7
Q

These are finger like muscles only found in the ventricles of the heart whose function is to regulate or control specific heart valves are the ____.

A

Papillary muscles

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8
Q

Tendinous chords which attach the papillary muscles to the individual sections or cusps of the heart valves which they control are ____.

A

Chordae tendineae

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9
Q

The individual sections of the heart valves a known as ____.

A

Cusps

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10
Q

This is the only heart valves that tells you from its name it consists of 3 sections or cusps. Located in the right ventricle of the heart the ____ regulates or controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is controlled by the papillary muscles and chordae tendineae.

A

Tricuspid valve

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11
Q

The _____ also consists of 3 district cusps, controls the opening between right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk.

A

Pulmonary Semilunar valve

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12
Q

The single large artery which first ships blood low in oxygen from the heart toward the lungs is the _____.

A

Pulmonary trunk

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13
Q

Only contains 2 distinct sections or cusps, controls the opening between the left opening and the left ventricle. ____ is also controlled by papillary muscles and chordae tendineae

A

Bicuspid valve “mitral “

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14
Q

Consists of 3 distinct cusps. The _____ controls the opening between the left ventricle and the aorta.

A

Aortic Semilunar valve

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15
Q

The wall layers of the heart

A

Endocardium (INNERMOST WALL LAYER)
Myocardium (MUSCLE WALL LAYER)
Pericardium (SACK AROUND THE HEART)

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16
Q

The innermost layer of the heart the ____, also makes up the cusps of the heart valves.

A

Endocardium

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17
Q

The muscle (or middle) layers of the heart is the ____.

A

Myocardium

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18
Q

The sack surrounding the heart is the ____.

A

Pericardium

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19
Q

The portion of the pericardium that is directly in contact with the heart is the ____.

A

Visceral epicardium

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20
Q

The portion of the heart that closer to the body wall is the ____.

A

Parietal pericardium

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21
Q

The opening of the SVC directly into the right atrium of the heart is the ____.

A

Superior Vena Caval Oriface

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22
Q

The ____ the the second largest vein in the human body, it would eventually drain any blood that originates from the head, neck, upper extremities and thoracic region.

A

Superior Vena Cava

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23
Q

The opening of the IVC directly into the right atrium of the heart is known as ____.

A

Inferior Vena Caval Oriface

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24
Q

The ____ is the largest vein in the human body. It’s named for the angle and direction it enters the heart. In non autopsied infant cases this would be the initial vein used, and would eventually drain any blood coming from the lower extremities and entire abdomen.

A

Inferior Vena Cava

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25
Q

Abbreviated “rt AV” the ____ is the opening located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is in turn controlled by the tricuspid valved.

A

Right Atrioventricular Oriface

26
Q

Abbreviated “left AV” the ____ is the opening located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, and is in turn controlled by the bicuspid valve or mitral valve.

A

Left Artrioventricular Oriface

27
Q

The opening of the coronary sinus, directly into the right atrium of the heart is known as the ____.

A

Coronary Sinus Oriface

28
Q

The large vein which drains blood low in oxygen from the heart itself is the ____

A

Coronary Sinus Vein

29
Q

The opening (usually 4) of the pulmonary veins, directly into the left atrium of the heart is the ____.

A

Pulmonary Vein Oriface

30
Q

The opening between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk, in turn controlled by the pulmonary seminary valve is the ____.

A

Pulmonary Trunk Oriface

31
Q

The single large artery that initially ships blood low on oxygen from the heart to the lungs is the ____.

A

Pulmonary Trunk

32
Q

The opening between the left ventricle and the aorta, the ____ is controlled by the aortic simulunic valve

A

Aortic oriface

33
Q

The largest artery in the human body is the ____?

A

Aorta

34
Q

Two way exchange of blood between the heart and the lungs, the only two chambers of the heart directly involved include the Right Ventricle and the Left Atria is the ____.

A

Pulmonary Circulation

35
Q

The chamber in the heart in which pulmonary circulation begins is ____.

A

Right Ventricle

36
Q

The ____ is where pulmonary circulation ends.

A

Left Ventricle

37
Q

____ is a passageway for blood, located between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta, in fetal circulation. Designed to shunt or bypass shipment to the fetal lungs.

A

Ductus arteriosus

38
Q

The adult counterpart structure of ductus arteriosus. The ____ should turn into a ligament shortly after birth. It shouldn’t carry blood after you are born.

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

39
Q

A single vein present in fetal circulation designed to shunt or bypass shipment of blood to the fetal liver is the ____.

A

Ductus venosus

40
Q

____ is the adult counterpart structure of the ductus venosus, it should turn a ligament shortly after birth.

A

Ligamentum venosus

41
Q

The ____ are two arteries of fetal circulation that carry blood low in oxygen and high in waste products from the fetus to the placenta.

A

Umbilical arteries

42
Q

____ are the adult counterparts of the two umbilical arteries.

A

Lateral umbilical ligaments

43
Q

The single vein which conveys blood high in oxygen and useable food substances from the placenta to the fetus is the ____.

A

Umbilical vein

44
Q

The ____ is the adult counterpart of the umbilical vein.

A

Ligamentum teres of the liver

45
Q

The flow of systematic circulation is…

A
  1. Fetal Circulation
  2. Foramen Ovale
  3. Fossa Ovalis
  4. Ductus Arteriosus
  5. Ligamentum Arteriosum
  6. Ductus Venous
  7. Ligamentum Venous
  8. Umbilical Arteries
  9. Lateral Umbilical ligaments
  10. Umbilical Vein
  11. Ligamentum teres of the liver
46
Q

Tracing Question for the flow of Blood from the LARGEST VEIN to the LARGEST ARTERY in the body:
(Orifaces)

A
  1. Inferior Vena Cava
  2. Inferior Vena Caval Oriface
  3. Right Atrium
  4. Right Atrialventricular Oriface
  5. Right Ventricle
  6. Pulmanary Trunk Oriface
  7. Pulmonary Trunk
  8. Pulmonary Arteries
  9. Capillaries of the Lungs
  10. Pulmonary Veins
  11. Pulmonary Vein Orifaces
  12. Left Atruim
  13. Left Atrialventricular Oriface
  14. Left Ventricle
  15. Aortic Oriface
  16. Aorta
47
Q

Tracing Question for the flow of Blood from the LARGEST VEIN to the LARGEST ARTERY in the body:
(Valves)

A
  1. Inferior Vena Cava
  2. Right Atrium
  3. Tricuspid Valve
  4. Right Ventricle
  5. Pulminary Semilunar Valve
  6. Pulmonary Trunk
  7. Pulmonary Artery
  8. Capillaries of the Lungs
  9. Pulmonary Valve
  10. Left Atrium
  11. Bicuspid Valve
  12. Left Ventricle
  13. Aortic Semilunar Valve
  14. Aorta
48
Q

____ is the “elastic tissue”the outermost layer of any 3 layered blood vessel in the human body. This layer is the layer that allows the embalmer to stretch it to the surface.

A

Tunica Adventia (“externa”)

49
Q

____ is the middle muscle layer of the blood vessel

A

Tunica Media

50
Q

____ is the innermost layer of any blood vessel; the only contiuous layer found in every vessel in the human body.

A

Tuncia Intima (“interna”)

51
Q

An ____ is a 3 layered blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart of a living person

A

Artery

52
Q

____ is a two layered tiny vessel that carries blood away from the heart; only consists of the tunica media and tunica intima.

A

Arteriole

53
Q

A single layered blood vessel that joins the arteriole system of the body with the venous system of the body; only consists of the tunica intima is a ____.

A

Capillary

54
Q

A ____ is a two layered blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart of a living person; includes the tunica intima and tunica media.

A

Venule

55
Q

A ____ is a three layered blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart of a living person; includes the tunic adventita, tunica media, and tunica intima.

A

Vein

58
Q

____ is the numbers that represent milimiters of mercury displaced.

A

Blood pressure “120/80”

59
Q

____ is the top number is known as Systole (systolic pressure)

A

120/

60
Q

____ is the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle, contraction of the ventricles; the big blips on the diagram Mr. Moen draws on the board.

A

Systole or “Systolic Pressure”

61
Q

____the bottom number is known as diastole (diastolic pressure)

A

/80

62
Q

____ is the resting phase of cardiac cycle; the small blips on the diagram Mr. Moen draws on the board.

A

Diastole or “Diastolic Pressure”

71
Q

____ are blood vessels that feed the outer layers of blood vessels; they visually appear as little red lines and are a method by which to differentiate an artery from a nerve

A

Vasa Vasorum

72
Q

____ is the alternate (secondary) routes of blood flow

A

Collateral Ciruclation

Anatomy 2 (6 decks)

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