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Anatomy 2 > Anatomy 2: Exam 1 Material The Muscle System > Flashcards

Anatomy 2: Exam 1 Material The Muscle System Flashcards

0
Q

What is the total mass of skeletal muscle tissue?

A

About 45%

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1
Q

How many skeletal muscles are found in the body?

A

Approximately 500

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2
Q

Muscle attachment to bone is made ____ with a connective tissue termed a ____?

A

Indirectly

Tendon

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3
Q

A broad, flat tendon is called a(n)?

A

Aponeurosis

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4
Q

How many parts does a skeletal muscle typically contain?

A

3

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5
Q

The ______ or ______ is the bulky, fleshy part of the muscle which shortens and thickens during contraction.

A

Body

Belly

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6
Q

The _____ is the relatively fixed point of attachment of the muscle.

A

Origin

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7
Q

The _____ is the relatively movable point of attachment of the muscle.

A

Insertion

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8
Q

Muscles maybe named for the particular type of ____ that they produce upon contraction.

A

Action

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9
Q

____ is a muscle that decreases the angle between the 2 body parts, whereas an ____ is a muscle that increases the angle between 2 body parts.

A

Flexion

Extension

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10
Q

A(n)____ is a muscle which pulls a body part away from the median plane, whereas a(n) ____ is a muscle that pulls a body part toward the median plane.

A

Abduction

Adduction

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11
Q

____ is a muscle which turns the palm of the hand posteriorly (out of anatomical position), whereas ____ is a muscle that turns the palm of the hand anteriorly (back into anatomical position.)

A

Pronation

Supination

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12
Q

____ implies a turning outward or inside out, whereas ___ means to draw inward or outside in. (Note the feet are initially positioned in an inverted position.)

A

Eversion

Inversion

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13
Q

____is a muscle that narrows or binds a vessel, opening or passageway, whereas ____ is a muscle that expands an organ, vessel, or orifice.

A

Constriction

Dilation

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14
Q

____ is a muscles that raises a particular body part or organ, and ____ is a muscle that lowers a part of the body.

A

Elevation

Depression

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15
Q

This muscle action has no antagonistic muscle action, but rather refers to the turning of a bone about its long axis, as when you shake your head no.

A

Rotation

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16
Q

____is movement such that the distal end of a bone describes a circle, and the shaft describes a cone. The example of the 3rd base coach in baseball motioning the player to keep running home.

A

Circumduction

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17
Q

Deltoid is what shape?

A

Triangular

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18
Q

Quadratus is what shape?

A

Four sided

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19
Q

Trapezius is what shape?

A

Trapezoid

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20
Q

Orbicularis is what shape?

A

Circular

sphincter muscles

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21
Q

Platysma means what?

A

Flat

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22
Q

Vastus means what?

A

Large

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23
Q

Rectus means what?

A

Straight

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24
Q

What is the name pertaining to the location between the ribs?

A

Intercostal

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25
Q

____ is the location for the facial cheeks.

A

Buccinator

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26
Q

____ is the circular shaped muscle of the mouth.

A

Orbicularis Oris

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27
Q

____ is the circular shaped muscle of the eye.

A

Orbicularis Oculi

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28
Q

The muscles of facial expression lie superficially in relationship to the muscles of mastication, which lie deep is the definition of what?

A

Superficial VS. Deep

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29
Q

____ are the muscles of the arm.

A

Brachii

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30
Q

Muscles of the thigh are known as ____?

A

Femoris

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31
Q

The fibers of this muscle found in the ventral abdominal wall form a “V.”

A

External Oblique

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32
Q

The fibers of this muscle located just beneath the external oblique, form a /\ which is also known as a Teepee.

A

Internal Oblique

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33
Q

____ is the innermost of the muscles of the ventral abdominal wall, it’s fibers go transversely (horizontally.)

A

Transversus Abdominus

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34
Q

A ____ muscle decreases the angle between two body parts.

A

Flexion

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35
Q

A(n)____ muscle pulls a body part away from the median plane.

A

Abduction

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36
Q

A ____ muscle turns the palm of the hand posteriorly (out of anatomical position.)

A

Pronation

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37
Q

____ implies a turning outward or inside out.

A

Eversion

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38
Q

A ____ muscle narrows or binds a vessel, opening or passageway.

A

Constriction

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39
Q

A(n) ____ muscle raises a particular body part or organ.

A

Elevation

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40
Q

A(n) ____ muscle increases the angle between two body parts.

A

Extension

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41
Q

A(n) ____ muscle pulls a body part towards the median plane.

A

Adduction

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42
Q

____ is the turning of the palm anteriorly (back into anatomical position.)

A

Supination

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43
Q

A(n) ____ muscle draws inward or inside out.

A

Inversion

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44
Q

A ____ muscle expands an organ, vessel, or orifice.

A

Dilation.

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45
Q

A ____ muscle lowers a part.

A

Depression

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46
Q

Pectoralis major means ___, and are ____ muscles

A

Large

Breast

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47
Q

Pectoralis minor means ____, and are ____ muscles?

A

Small

Breast

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48
Q

Gluteus maximus means ____, and is the ____?

A

Large

Top or most superficial butt muscle

49
Q

Gluteus medius means____, and is the ____?

A

Medium

Butt muscle just below the Maximus

50
Q

Gluteus minimus means ____, and is the ____?

A

Small

Butt muscle just below the medius

51
Q

Adductor magnus means____, and is ____ which is the boundary of the femoral triangle.

A

Large

Upper thigh

52
Q

Adductor brevis means ____, and is the ____?

A

Short or Small

Upper thigh

53
Q

Gastrocnemius a ____ muscle is large in terms of size

A

Calf

54
Q

____ cause goosebumps; and are small in terms of size.

A

Arrector pili muscles

55
Q

What muscle elevates the eyebrows; and draws the scalp backwards?

A

Occipitofrontalis

56
Q

Is a broad flat tendon that attaches occipital portion to the frontal is portion.

A

Galea Aponeurotica

57
Q

This muscle is known as the chewers muscle.

A

Masseter

58
Q

The fan shaped muscle on the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Helps to close the mandible as well as protrude the mandible.

A

Temporalis

59
Q

A head muscle, helps to open the jaw and move the jaw from side to side.

A

Lateral and Medial Pterygoid

60
Q

A neck muscle named by its shape the ____ is the thin flat muscle of the neck; depresses the mandible and tenses the skin of the neck.

A

Platysma

61
Q

A neck muscle named by its pointe of attachment the ____ is a strap like bone that depresses and lowers the hyoid.

A

Omohyoid.

62
Q

A neck muscle named by its points of attachment the ____ muscle that rotates the head in the direction of no; also forms the the lateral boundary of the anterior cervicle triangle; serves as the anatomical guide to raise the common carotid arteries and internal jugular vein.

A

Sternocleidomastoid

63
Q

Diamond shaped back muscle of the upper back, used to shrug the shoulders

A

Trapezius

64
Q

Large flat back muscle of the lower back

A

Latissimus Dorsi

65
Q

Largest chest muscle in the upper chest region the ____; used to flex and adduct the arm, or draw the upper extremities medially. Helps to perform the Crab.

A

Pectoralis Major

66
Q

Draws ribs together; the outermost muscle muscle between the ribs.

A

External Intercostal

67
Q

Draws the ribs together; inner most muscles between the ribs.

A

Internal intercostals

68
Q

Listed going from outermost to innermost; or most deep.

A

Anterolateral Wall

69
Q

An anterolateral wall muscle found in ventral abdominal wall nearest skin, fibers of this muscle forms a “V”

A

External Oblique

70
Q

An anterolateral wall muscle found in the ventral abdominal wall below external oblique, fibers of this muscle forms a teepee.

A

Internal oblique

71
Q

An anterolatereal wall muscle innermost muscle of ventral abdominal wall, fibers go transversely or horizontally

A

Transversus Abdominus

72
Q

Toward the front; midline under abdomen

A

Anteromedial Wall

73
Q

An antormedial wall muscle named by direction and location the straight muscle of the abdominal region the ____ is the major muscle used in sit ups.

A

Rectus Abdominus

74
Q

An Anteromedial wall muscle ____ is the muscle used as the anatomical guide to raise the iliac artery in autopsy cases.

A

Psoas Major

75
Q

The major muscle of breathing is the ____.

A

Diaphragm or phrenic muscle

76
Q

The opening in which the esophagus passes is known as____?

A

Esophageal orifice

77
Q

The opening in which the largest artery the aorta passes is known as ____?

A

Aortic orifice

78
Q

What is the largest artery of the body?

A

Aorta

79
Q

The opening for the inferior vena cave or IVC the largest vein in the body is known as ____?

A

Inferior Vena Cava orifice

80
Q

Named by its location, ____ is the largest vein in the body?

A

Inferior Vena Cava

81
Q

____ is the limit to separate the Axillary artery from the brachial artery, adducts and rotates medically the arm.

A

Teres Major

82
Q

Known as your guns, ____ is the guide for the brachial artery.

A

Biceps brachaii

83
Q

____ is used as the guide for the Axillary artery.

A

Corabrachialis

84
Q

The only posterior muscle in the arm is the ____ and it extends the arm and forearm.

A

Triceps Brachaii

85
Q

The three muscles ____,____, and ____ are the anterior muscles of the arm, and they flex the arm and forearm.

A

Biceps brachii

Coracobrachialis

Brachialis

86
Q

Listed medial to lateral, function of all is to flex and pronate the hands is the ____.

A

Ventral aspect

87
Q

____ flexes and cups the hand, most medial.

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

88
Q

____ flexes and pronates the arm; used to raise the radial artery

A

Flexor Carpi radialis

89
Q

____ lies most prominent and lies medial to the middle of the wrist.

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

90
Q

____ is the triangular shaped muscle that aides in the abduction of the arm; gives the arm roundness and firmness

A

Deltoid

91
Q

As a group, ____ aid in the extension and supination of the hand. “Popeye’s Muscle”

A

Brachioradialis

92
Q

Largest muscle in the gluteus region; ____ abducts and extends the thigh.

A

Gluteus Maximus

93
Q

Forms the lateral boundary of the femoral triangle, the ____ is the longest muscle used to cross the legs. Also know as the “tailor’s muscle”

A

Sartorius

94
Q

____ The most anterior head of the quadricep femoris; straight

A

Rectus femoris

95
Q

____ is the most lateral head of the quadricep femoris; named by shape it is large.

A

Vastus lateralis

96
Q

Most medial head of the quadriceps, the ____ is a large muscle.

A

Vastus medialis

97
Q

____ is the largest muscle in the quadricep femoris; located between the lateralis and medialis, and posterior of the rectus femoris.

A

Vastus intermedius

98
Q

____ is the 4 headed muscle in the thigh region on the front side.

A

Quadriceps femoris

99
Q

Longest adductor muscle; the ____ serves as the medial boundary of the femoral triangle.

A

Adductor longus

100
Q

Largest adductor muscles, largest of the medial muscles of the thigh; the ____ serves as the anatomical limit between femoral blood vessels above the opening and popliteal blood vessels beneath the opening. This is located superior to the blood vessels at the opening of this.

A

Adductor Magnus

101
Q

A 2 headed muscle; one of three most lateral posterior muscles in the thigh is the ____.

A

Biceps femoris

102
Q

____ is used to tense your knee, the tendon of this muscle stands out the most when tensed.

A

Semitendinosis

103
Q

Most medial muscle of the posterior thigh is ____?

A

Semimembranosus

104
Q

The toe dancer’s muscle ____ is a large calf muscle.

A

Gastrocnemius

105
Q

___ is planter flexion, points the toe downwards.

A

Soleus

106
Q

The only anterior muscle of the leg and, largest most medial bone of the leg is ____?

A

Tibialis anterior

107
Q

Walking on the balls of the feet is known as ____.

A

Dorsiflexion

108
Q

To walk tiptoed is ____?

A

Plantar flexion

109
Q

____ is the study of muscles.

A

Myology

110
Q

The ____ muscle is slightly striated; and moves involuntary.

A

Cardiac “heart”

111
Q

The smooth or ____ muscle is made up of a single nucleus, and moves involuntary.

A

Visceral

112
Q

The ____ muscle is a striated muscle and moves voluntary with several nucleases

A

Skeletal

113
Q

The fan shaped muscle ____ on the squamous portion of the temporal bone. It helps to close and protrude the mandible.

A

Temporalis

114
Q

The ____ helps to OPEN the jaw, and move it from side to side

A

Lateral (external) pterygoid

115
Q

The ____ helps to CLOSE the jaw and move it from side to side.

A

Medial (internal) pterygoid

116
Q

The purpose of the external obliques, internal obliques, and the tranversus abdominus is to ____ the abdominal wall.

A

Twist

117
Q

The ulnar artery lies ____ to the tendon of the flexor Digitorum superficialis at the level of the wrist.

A

Medial

118
Q

The radial artery lies ____ to the tendon of the flexor Carpi radialis muscle at the level of the wrist.

A

Lateral

119
Q

The longest division of the aortic artery is the ____ aorta.

A

Descending

120
Q

The ulnar artery lies ____ to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle at the wrist level.

A

Lateral

Anatomy 2 (6 decks)

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