Anatomy Flashcards
Name the intrinsic membranes of the larynx
Thyroepiglottic
Cricothyroid
Quadrangular
Name the extrinsic membranes of the larynx
Hypoepiglottic
Thyrohyoid
Cricotracheal
Name the paired cartilages of the larynx
Arytenoids
Cuneiforms
Cornuates
Name the unpaired cartilages of the larynx
Thyroid
Cricoid
Epiglottis.
Name the intrinsic muscles of the larynx
Cricothyroid
Vocalis
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Lateral cricoarytenoid
What is the level of the coeliac plexus?
L1
What are the relations of the coeliac ganglion?
Superior - crura of diaphragm
Inferior - coeliac trunk
Anterior - pancreas
Posterior - aorta
What are the branches of the coeliac ganglion?
Greater splanchnic (T5/6-T9/10)
Lesser splanchnic (T10/11)
Least splanchnic (T11/12)
What are the terminal branches of the lumbar plexus?
Iliohypogastric (L1)
Ilioinguinal (L1)
Genitofemoral (L1-2)
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2-4)
Femoral nerve (L2-4)
Obturator nerve (L2-4)
Lumbosacral trunk (L3-4)
What are the nerve roots of the lumbar plexus?
L1-4
What are the branches of the brachial plexus at the level of theroots?
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) - rhomboids
Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)
Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7) - serratus anterior
Nerve to scalene muscles (segmental, not shown)
What are the branches of the brachial plexus at the level of thetrunks?
Subscapular nerve (upper trunk) → infra/supraspinatus
What are the branches of the brachial plexus at the level of thebranches?
Lateral cord:
Musculocutaneous
Lateral pectoral
Posterior cord:
Axillary
Radial
Thoracodorsal → lat dorsi
Superior subscapular nerve
Inferior subscapular nerve
Lateral + medial:
Medial nerve
Medial cord:
Ulnar nerve
Medial cutaneous nerve of arm
Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
Medial pectoral
What are the origins of the sacral plexus?
L4 - S4
What are the three terminal branches of thesacral plexusand their origins?
Sciatic nerve (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)
Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1, S2, S3)
Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4)
What is the course of the lumbar plexus?
The nerves emerge from theintervertebral foraminaand enter thepsoas muscleanterior to the transverse processes of the vertebra.
All emerge laterally between psoas major and quadratus lumborum (except obturator, which passes medially before descending under the iliac vessels)
What are the contents of the sacral canal?
Connective tissue
Fat
Sacral nerves
Lymphatics
Filum terminale
A rich venous plexus
What are the origins of the sacral plexus?
L4-S4
What are the branches of thesacral plexusand their origins?
A useful memory aid for the major branches of the sacral plexus is ‘Some Irish Sailor Pesters Polly’. This stands for Superior Gluteal, Inferior Gluteal, Sciatic, Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh, Pudendal.
Superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
Inferior gluteal
Sciatic nerve (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)
Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1, S2, S3)
Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4)
What is the lumbar plexus?
A nerve plexus formed by the anterior divisions of (T12)+L1-L4
What are the intrinsic muscles of the larynx and their nerve supply?
Cricothyroid -external laryngeal nerve
The rest: recurrent laryngeal nerve:
Posterior cricoarytenoids
Lateral cricoarytenoids
Transverse arytenoids
Oblique arytenoids
Thyroarytenoids
What is the sensory innervation of the larynx?
Above the cords - internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
Below the cords - recurrent laryngeal nerve
Vallecula - glossopharyngeal nerve
What is the innervation of the thyrohyoid muscle?
The thyrohyoid, one of the extrinsic laryngeal muscles, is supplied by the hypoglossal nerve
What is the adult volume of the sacral canal?
33 ml
