anatomy

Question 1

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 1

Act as coverings such as skin as well as for blood vessels, muscles and internal organs

Question 2

Connective Tissue

Answer 2

Supports and binds such as tendons, ligaments, cartilage, adipose tissue, and bones (hold structures in place

Question 3

Muscle Tissue

Answer 3

contracts when activated and allow the body to move using contraction forces

Question 4

Nervous Tissue

Answer 4

Sends and receives information when activated

Question 5

What organ system do the skeletal and muscular systems make up?

Answer 5

Musculo-skeletal

Question 6

What organ system do the nervous and vascular systems make up

Answer 6

Neuro-vascular

Question 7

Cervical (cervix)

Answer 7

neck

Question 8

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 8

Shoulder Joint

Question 9

Brachium

Answer 9

Upper arm

Question 10

Olecranon

Answer 10

Elbow

Question 11

Antebrachial

Answer 11

Forearm

Question 12

Carpi

Answer 12

Wrist

Question 13

Digits

Answer 13

Fingers

Question 14

Fossa

Answer 14

Shallow dish

Question 15

Foramen

Answer 15

hole

Question 16

Tubercle

Answer 16

Small rounded point/nodule

Question 17

Tuberosity

Answer 17

a prominent tubercle

Question 18

facet

Answer 18

small surface for another bone

Question 19

Ramus

Answer 19

branch

Question 20

condyles

Answer 20

rounded projection at bone ends

Question 21

Meatus

Answer 21

Opening or passageway

Question 22

Process

Answer 22

Projection from the bone - of the bone

Question 23

Spine

Answer 23

A sharper process (projection)

Question 24

Articulation

Answer 24

where two bones meet - a joint

Question 25

What are the two components of the skeletal system?

Answer 25

Axial and Appendicular

Question 26

What are the 3 cartilage types?

Answer 26

Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage

Question 27

What does red marrow produces?

Answer 27

Blood cells

Question 28

What does yellow marrow produce?

Answer 28

Adipose fats

Question 29

Describe long bones

Answer 29

2 Ends (epiphysis) 1 shaft (diaphysis)

Question 30

Describe short bones

Answer 30

As wide as long as

Question 31

Describe flat bones

Answer 31

Compact - spongey - compact

Question 32

Describe sesamoid bones

Answer 32

Small oral bone found in tendons

Question 33

Describe irregular bones

Answer 33

Varied appearance - do not fit into same category as other bones

Question 34

Name of bone cells

Answer 34

Osteocyte

Question 35

What are the bone tissue types?

Answer 35

Compact (cortical) and Cancellous (spongey, trabecular)

Question 36

Periosteum membrane

Answer 36

Bone coating around cortical bone

Question 37

endoosteum membrane

Answer 37

Membrane within bone, deeper to compact bone

Question 38

Medullary cavity

Answer 38

Inner or deeper part of bone. Within spongey tissue and contains red and yellow marrow.

Question 39

What is contained in Diaphysis?

Answer 39

Contains blood supply, and nerves, and houses medullary cavity

Question 40

What is epiphyseal line?

Answer 40

Thin layer of cartillage that lies just below bone end (epiphysis), and allows for interstitial growth

Question 41

What is endochondrial ossification?

Answer 41

Hyaline cartilage development in womb (gestation-7 weeks) which is eventually replaced by bone

Question 42

What is intra-membranous ossification

Answer 42

Embryonic tissue development in gestation - 7weeks in womb (mesenchyme), eventually replaced by bone

Question 43

Role of osteoclasts and osteoblasts?

Answer 43

Osteoclasts will absorb old and injured bone tissue (osteocytes) while osteoblasts will build and form new bone tissue to replace old or injured tissue

Question 44

What are two types of bone growth?

Answer 44

Appositional growth (wide) - Good growth, homeostatic response to bone stress from increased muscle activity (e.g. weight lifting) Interstitial growth (long) - Good growth, response to development for growth/height. This growth occurs on epiphyseal plates.

Question 45

What is a joint?

Answer 45

Where two bones articulate

Question 46

What are 3 types of joints and what movements do they exhibit?

Answer 46

1. Fibrous (synarthrosis), very restricted movement 2. Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) - restricted movement 3. Synovial (diarthrosis) - allows movement

Question 47

What are 3 types of Fibrous joints

Answer 47

Sutures (where skull bones articulate), Gomphoses (joint that anchors tooth to socket) Syndesmosis (joint between radius and ulnar)

Question 48

What are two types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 48

Synchondroses, Symphyses

Question 49

What are 6 types of synovial joints

Answer 49

Hinge joint (elbow joint) , Ball and socket joint (glenohumeral joint), Plane joint (carpal joints that glide) , Pivot joint (joint in neck) Condyloid joint (wrist joint), Saddle joint (only thumb joint)

Question 50

Name 3 types of muscle cells (myocytes)

Answer 50

Cardiac muscle (found in heart), Skeletal muscle (have tendons attached to bones), Smooth muscle (performs involuntary movement e.g. bladder and intestine)

Question 51

What 4 characteristics do all muscle cells have?

Answer 51

Excitability (stimulus from a nerve) Contractility (Cells can forcefully shorten) Extensibility (Can be stretched) Elasticity (can return to normal length)

Question 52

What is structure of muscle

Answer 52

Muscle belly (lined with epimysium), then Fascicle (lined with perimysium), Then muscle cell (lined with endomysium), Then myofibirl (where sarcomeres are found)