anatomy Flashcards
narrowed location of the ureter?
1)pelviureteric/ureteropelvic junction
2)crossed part of external iliac artery
3)intramural part (entrance of the bladder)(narrowest)
…….. forms the ureter
pelvis renalis
urether and kidney are
retroperitoneal (located behind the peritoneum)
foramen papillae drains into …………….
minor calyx
posterior structures of the kidney?
diaphragm
right kidney; 12th rib
left kidney; 11 & 12th ribs
+psoas major
+quadratus lumborum
+transversus abdominis
-subcostal n. ,a. ,v.
-iliohypogastric n.
-ilioinguinal n.
location of the LEFT KIDNEY?
T11-L2
location of the RIGHT KIDNEY?
T12-L3
list the contents of the Hilum of kidney( →from
anterior to posterior)
renal vein
renal artery
renal pelvis
branch of renal artery
the renal pelvis is seen in the ……..?
renal sinus
what’re the anterior surface neighbors of the right kidney?
right lobe of liver
right colic flexure
right right suprarenal gland
descending duodenum
5)jejunum
R.R.R.DD.J
what’re the anterior surface neighbors of the left kidney?
left colic flexure
left suprarenal gland
spleen
stomach
tail of pancreas
descending colon
7)jejunum
L.L.S.S.TP.DC.J
which layer of the fascia of the kidney covers the kidney and suprarenal part
renal fascia (gerota fascia) (outermost)
what forms the nephron?
1)renal corpuscle
2)urinary tubules(henle loop, proxima&distal tubules…etc.)
3)papillary foramen
list the structures that cross POSTERIORLY of the RIGHT abdominal part of the URETER
psoas major m.
genitofemoral n.
common iliac artery &v.
external iliac a. &v.
the major calyx drains into the ……..?
renal pelvis
list the structures that cross ANTERIORLY of the RIGHT abdominal part of the URETER
gonadal (Testicular/ovarian) a.&v.
descending duodenum
iliocolic a.&v.
right colic a.&v.
root of mesentery
G.i.R.D.R
list the structures that cross ANTERIORLY of the LEFT abdominal part of the URETER
gonadal (Testicular/ovarian) a.&v.
left colic a.&v.
sigmoid colon
sigmoid mesocolon
G.L.S.S
list the structures that cross the PELVIC part of the ureter
umbilical a.
middle rectal a.
obturator a., v., &n.
ductus deferens
uterine a.
U.U.M.O.D.
swelling of the kidney and dilation of the calyces and pelvis is a condition known as ……….. and it occurs in …………… abnormality?
hydronephrosis
Supernumerary Renal Arteries
the apex of the female and male bladder hooks onto a ligament called the ………… and connects it to the umbilicus?
median umbilical lig (urachus)
the Fundus (base) of the female bladder is related to the ……..?
vagina and cervix
the superior surface of the female bladder is related to the ……..?
vesicouterine pouch
the neck of the urinary bladder is continuous with the ……….?
urethera
the superior surface of the male bladder is related to the ……..?
rectovesical pouch
the Fundus (base) of the male bladder is related to the ……..?
seminal vesical and ductus deferens
which 2 muscles surround the inferolateral surface of the bladder?
obturator internus m.
levator ani m.
which lig. surrounds the prostate gland in males?
puboprostatic ligament
which lig. surrounds the neck of the bladder in females and connects it to the pubis?
pubovesical ligament
……….. is present between the 2 ureteral openings
interureteric crest
arteries of the bladder?
Internal iliac a.–>Umbilical a.–>superior vesical a.
Internal iliac a.–>inferior vesical a.
obturator a.
inferior gluteal a.
Internal iliac a.–>vaginal a.
uterine a.
SV.IV. O.V.U.IG.
what is the innervations of the bladder?
parasympathetic: S2-S4
sympathetic: T11-L2
what forms the ejaculatory duct in males?
seminal vesical and ductus deferens
which part of the male urethra is the widest part?
prostatic part
the prostate gland drains into
prostatic part of the urethra
the prostatic duct secretes into the…….?
prostatic sinus
what drains into the spongy part of the male urethra?
bulbourethral (cowper) gland
what are the structures of the POSTERIOR wall of the PROSTATIC part of the male urethra?
-urethral crest
-prostatic sinus(prostatic duct)
-seminal colliculus (of seminal vesicle)
-prostatic utricle(opening of ejac. duct)
the ejaculatory duct drains into?
prostatic urethra in males
what is the narrowest part of spongy urethra
external urethral orifice
what is the structure present in the Glans penis?
navicular fossa
the fundus/base of the bladder is formed by the ………..?
interureteric crest
what supplies the urinary bladder, seminal vesical, prostate gland, and the vas deferens in males?
Internal iliac a.–>inferior vesical a.
which artery supplies the urinary bladder in both males and females?
Internal iliac a.–>Umbilical a.–>superior vesical a.
which part of the male urethra is located in the Deep perineal pouch?
membranous part
the external urethral sphincter, which is the narrowest part of the urethra, is located in which part of the male urethra?
membranous
which part of the male urethra is the widest part?
prostatic part
which part of the male urethra receives the openings of ejaculatory duct and prostatic utricle?
prostatic
where is the spongy part located in the urethra?
bulb of penis and corpus spongiosum
the external urethral sphincter, which is in the membranous part of male urethra, is innervated by ………..?
(skeletal m; voluntary) pudendal n.
the internal urethral sphincter surrounds the ………… part of male urethra?
preprostatic part
The …………….. is main source of blood supply of penis and prostate of the man.
Internal Iliac artery–>internal pudendal artery–> Urethral artery
what is the lymphatic drainage of the male urethra?
*Inguinal lymph node
internal iliac Ln
sacral Ln
what is the innervation of the urether and bladder?
pudendal n
sacral splanchnic n
hypogastric plexus (from pudendal)
what drains into the vestibule of vagina?
vagina and urethra
what is the arterial supply of the female urethra?
inferior vesical a.
vaginal a.
internal pudendal a.
left and right renal arteries are lateral visceral branches of the …………?
abdominal aorta
in Horseshoe kidney, the caudal ends of both kidneys fuse. this fusion forms an interconnecting bridge that becomes trapped(–> stasis–> infection) behind ………….. artery?
inferior mesenteric artery
what is the border of the inferolateral surface of the bladder?
retropubic space (space of retzius)
what is the apex border of the bladder?
median umbilical ligament
what is the superior border of the male bladder?
rectovesical pouch
what are the borders of the fundus in male bladder?
seminal vesicle and ductus deferens
bladder has …….. muscle, which is innervated by …………. nervous system
detrusor muscle, innervated by parasympathetic NS
When the bladder is full, stretch receptors in its muscular wall stimulate a parasympathetic nervous system response. This results in (contraction/relaxation) of the detrusor muscle of the bladder and (contraction/relaxation) of the smooth muscle of the internal urethral sphincter. Thus allowing outflow of urine into the urethra.
contraction
relaxation
What Innervates the external urethral sphincter?
The pudendal nerve
the ……………..NS dilate the internal urethral sphincter, while the ………….NS constricts the internal urethral sphincter
parasympathetic
sympathetic
Where does prostate cancer spread?
lymph nodes
liver
lungs
**where does the neck of the bladder drain into?
common iliac lymph nodes (+sacral lymph nodes)
Where does the prostate drain?
internal iliac lymph nodes
and
the sacral lymph nodes.
which part of the bladder drains into the internal iliac lymph nodes?
inferior parts (The female urethra& fundus)
which part of the bladder drains into the external iliac lymph nodes?
superior part of the bladder
what is the sympathetic innervation of the bladder?
T11-L2 (Thoracolumbar spine)
what is the parasympathetic innervation of the bladder?
pelvic splanchnic nerve or pudendal nerve both of which originate from the sacral nerve(?ask hale oktem)
which structure separates the bladder from the uterus in females
vesicouterine pouch
the ………… crosses the right anteriorvabdominal part of the ureter
ductus deferens
