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MSK > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A

synovial ball and socket

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2
Q

radius moves over ulna in pronation, true or false

A

true

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3
Q

what does the annular ligament do?

A

stabilises proximal radioulnar joint by holding radius against radial notch of ulna

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4
Q

name the 3 elbow joint ligaments that maintain stability

A

lateral collateral ligament, annular ligament, medial collateral ligament

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5
Q

what type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

synovial condyloid

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6
Q

innervation of trapezius muscle

A

CN XI (accessory spinal)

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7
Q

innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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8
Q

innervation of rhomboid major and rhomboid minor

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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9
Q

what muscles make up the hamstrings

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

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10
Q

what is the innervation of the anterior compartment of leg

A

deep fibular nerve

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11
Q

what is the innervation of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

superficial fibular nerve

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12
Q

what are the muscles in the anterior compartment of leg

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibularis tertius

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13
Q

what are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

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14
Q

classification of sacroiliac joint

A

synovial and fibrous. Front is synovial, and back bit is supported by interosseous fibrous ligament

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15
Q

where does sciatic nerve originate from

A

L4-S3 anterior rami

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16
Q

where do gluteus medius and minimus insert into distally

A

greater trochanter of femur

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17
Q

where does the superior gluteal nerve originate from

A

L4-S1 anterior rami

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18
Q

what arteries supply the head of the femur

A

branches of the deep femoral artery: medial and lateral circumflex arteries —> retinacular arteries

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19
Q

what nerve injury is the most common cause of foot drop

A

peroneal

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20
Q

what nerves are at risk of injury in anterior shoulder dislocation?

A

axillary and radial

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21
Q

which is lower, the surgical neck of humerus, or anatomical neck of humerus

A

surgical

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22
Q

what nerve is at risk in a surgical neck of humerus fracture

A

axillary

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23
Q

what muscles does axillary nerve supply

A

teres minor and deltoid

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24
Q

which nerve is at risk in midshaft humeral fracture

A

radial

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25
Q

which nerve is damaged in wrist drop

A

radial nerve

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26
Q

which artery courses round the radial groove of the humerus with the radial nerve

A

profunda brachii

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27
Q

what 3 nerves are at risk in a supracondylar fracture of the humerus

A

radial, median, ulnar

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27
Q

what 3 nerves are at risk in a supracondylar fracture of the humerus

A

radial, median, ulnar

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28
Q

what are most of the forearm muscles supplied by

A

median

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29
Q

which 2 muscles in the forearm have ulnar nerve innervation

A

flexor carpi ulnaris
ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus

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30
Q

LOAF muscles

A

first 2 lumbricals, opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis

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31
Q

motor innervation of anterior arm

A

musculocutaneous

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32
Q

motor innervation of anterior forearm

A

mostly median with a little bit of ulnar

33
Q

motor innervation of hand

A

mostly ulnar with a little bit of median

34
Q

what passes through the quadrangular space

A

axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery

35
Q

what passes through the lower triangular space

A

profunda brachii artery and radial nerve

36
Q

what is a Monteggia fracture

A

a fracture of the proximal ulna with dislocation of the radial head

37
Q

what is a colles fracture

A

distal radial fracture

38
Q

which nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to the ‘badge patch area’

A

superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm (the continuation of the posterior branch of the axillary nerve, after it pierces the deep fascia)

39
Q

C5 nerve root dysfunction can be ruled out by function of which nerve?

A

suprascapular nerve

40
Q

contents of carpal tunnel

A

flexor digitorum superficialis (x4)
flexor digitorum profundus (x4)
flexor pollicis longus (x1)
median nerve

41
Q

where do the extensor muscles originate from

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

42
Q

why is the palm sensation not affected in carpal tunnel syndrome

A

the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve is given off proximal to the tunnel and travels superficially to reach the skin of the palm

43
Q

what are the branches of the axillary artery

A

Subscapular artery.
Anterior humeral circumflex artery.
Posterior humeral circumflex artery.

44
Q

what is the only extensor muscle in the forearm supplied directly by radial nerve

A

extensor carpi radialis longus

45
Q

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome presdisposes to gout, true or false

A

true

46
Q

which artery supplies ACL

A

middle genicular

47
Q

pelvic girdle bones

A

ilium
ischium
pubis

48
Q

is fibula involved in knee joint

A

no

49
Q

what are the 4 anterior axio-appendicular shoulder muscles

A

pec major
pec minor
subclavius
serratus anterior

50
Q

what are the posterior axio-appendicular shoulder muscles

A

trapezius
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
rhomboids (major and minor)

51
Q

intrinsic scapulohumeral muscles

A

deltoid
teres major
rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)

52
Q

what muscle compartment flexes the forearm

A

anterior arm

53
Q

what muscle compartment extends the forearm

A

posterior arm

54
Q

which muscle compartment is the anconeus in?

A

posterior forearm

55
Q

which muscle compartment is the supinator in?

A

posterior forearm

56
Q

which muscle does opposition of thumb

A

opponens pollicis

57
Q

innervation of brachioradialis

A

radial nerve

58
Q

where does the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii originate

A

supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

59
Q

what innervates tensor fasciae latae

A

superior gluteal nerve

60
Q

4 muscles of anterior thigh

A

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis

61
Q

which muscle compartment extends the knee

A

superficial muscles of anterior thigh

62
Q

action of the posterior thigh

A

knee flexion and hip extension

63
Q

action of anterior leg

A

ankle dorsiflexion

64
Q

superficial posterior leg muscles

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

65
Q

innervation of posterior leg

A

tibial nerve

66
Q

muscles of the deep posterior compartment of leg

A

tibialis posterior
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
popliteus

67
Q

roots of brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

68
Q

2 minor branches of brachial plexus from roots

A

dorsal scapular
long thoracic

69
Q

3 ligaments of capsule of hip

A

iliofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral

70
Q

where is the annular ligament

A

elbow

71
Q

which muscles make up the border of popliteal fossa

A

semimembranosus
biceps femoris
plantaris
gastrocnemius (medial head)
gastrocnemius (lateral head)

72
Q

ulnar nerve injuries

A

supracondylar # of humerus
medial epicondylar # or injury
compression at carpal tunnel
stab wound to forearm/wrist

73
Q

claw hand - which nerve

A

ulnar

74
Q

humeral shaft fracture may damage which nerve

A

radial

75
Q

surgical neck of humerus # may injure which nerve

A

axillary

76
Q

wasting of deltoid muscle, which nerve could be injured

A

axillary

77
Q

what is the level of the hyoid bone

A

C3

78
Q

what type of bone is the patella

A

sesamoid

79
Q

site of insertion of the long head and short head of biceps femoris

A

head of the fibula

80
Q

what are the nerve roots for the bieceps muscle in arm?

A

C5, C6

MSK (9 decks)

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