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Anatomy 1 > Anatomy 1 Exam Skull > Flashcards

Anatomy 1 Exam Skull Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the Skeleton System1. Protection: rib cage, cranium & vertebrae2. Storage: 99% of calcium is stored in bones3. Movement: tendons that attach to muscle4. Support: vertebrae/back bone support other bones ie:5. Hemopoeisis: formation of all cells naturally present in blood

A

Classification of BonesAccording to shape: Geometric/shoulder bone small/toes Round/patella-knee cap Irregular/lumbar Long/femurAccording to individual names:Normal adult has 206 bones excludes: Sutural (wormian) bones: small & irregular shape bones that sometimes form along the lines of fusion of cranial bonesSesamoid bones: any bone embedded in the tendon of a muscle

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2
Q

80 bones; form central axes of body where other bones & soft tissue attach itself

A

Axial Skeleton:a. Skull: b. Hyoid: c. Vertebrae: d. Sternum: e. Ribs:

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3
Q

Skull: 28 bonesi. Cranium: 8 distinct bones that fuse together by age 2 to house & protect brainii. Face: 14 bonesiii. Auditory ossicles: 6 ear bones

A

Divisions of Skeleton1. Axial Skeleton: 80 bones2. Appendicular Skeleton: 126 bones

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4
Q

horseshoe shape single bone located between voicebox & manidible

A

Hyoid:

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5
Q

(spine) 26 individual bones in adult

A

Vertebrae:

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6
Q

single bone; breast bone

A

Sternum:

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7
Q

12 pair

A

Ribs:

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8
Q

126 bones make up appendages

A

Appendicular Skeleton: a. Upper extremities (appendages) & pectoral girdle (shoulder joint): 64 bonesb. Lower extremities (appendages) & pelvic girdle (hip joint): 62 bones

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9
Q

frontal, occipital, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones. Form bony encasement (vault) around the brain.

A

Cranium:

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10
Q

portion of the cranium normally removed when performing a cranial autopsy.

A

CALVARIA-calvarium

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11
Q

toward front; single cranial bone that form 4-head region

A

Frontal bone: a. Supraorbital margin: b. Superciliary arch: c. Glabella: d. Frontal eminences: e. Frontal air sinuses:

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12
Q

part of frontal bone that form superior boundary of eye socket

A

Supraorbital margin:

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13
Q

prominent ridge off frontal bone located directly posterior to eyebrows

A

Superciliary arch:

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14
Q

slight elevation located between medial ends of the superciliary arches

A

Glabella:

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15
Q

2 rounded protuberances which gives roundness & fullness to 4-head

A

Frontal eminences:

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16
Q

air spaces located in frontal bone

A

Frontal air sinuses:

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17
Q

2 pair cranial bone that form majority of top back roof & side

A

Parietal bones:

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18
Q

single bone that form base of cranial vault

A

Occipital bone:a. Foramen magnum:b. Occipital condyles: c. External occipital protuberance (inion):

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19
Q

large opening in occipital bone thru which spinal cord passes

A

Foramen magnum:

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20
Q

2 prominences located on either side of foramen magnum; only one has direct articulate/touch with spinal column 1st cervical vertebrae

A

Occipital condyles:

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21
Q

single bony prominence located on external bone occipital; serve as point of muscle attachment

A

External occipital protuberance (inion):

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22
Q
  1. Temporal bones: pair bones that form side of cranial vault; densitiest & thickest bone
A

Temporal bones: a. Squamous portion:b. Petrous portion: i. Auditory ossicles (ear bones) – 1. Malleus (hammer) 2. Incus (anvil) 3. Stapes (stirrup) ii. Carotid canal: c. Mastoid portion (air cells): d. Mandibular fossa (shallow depression):e. External auditory meatus: f. Zygomatic process:

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23
Q

(squama) thin shell shape upper portion of temporal bones

A

Squamous portion:

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24
Q

part of temporal bone that projects into cranial cavity

A

Petrous portion:

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25
Q

(ear bones)

A

Auditory ossicles

26
Q

(hammer)

A

Malleus

27
Q

(anvil)

A

Incus

28
Q

(stirrup)

A

Stapes

29
Q

2 opening passageway thru each portion of temporal bone internal carotid arteries pass

A

Carotid canal:

30
Q

(air cells): massive part of temporal bone located posterior/behind ear

A

Mastoid portion

31
Q

2 shallow depression off temporal bone; which mandible/lower jaw articulate

A

Mandibular fossa (shallow depression):

32
Q

passageway thru temporal bone by which sound waves for hearing initially pass

A

External auditory meatus:

33
Q

bony projection off each temporal bone which goes anterior/toward front it articulate the zygomatic bone

A

Zygomatic process:

34
Q

single bone shape like bat with wings extended aka bat bone; form middle cranial fossa

A

Sphenoid bone: a. Sella turcica: b. Sphenoidal air sinuses:

35
Q

(Turkish saddle) shallow depression in sphenoid bone which houses & protect pituitary gland

A

Sella turcica:

36
Q

air space located in sphenoid; included in study of paranasal sinuses

A

Sphenoidal air sinuses:

37
Q

single thin & delicate that form bony structure of nasal septum

A

Ethmoid bone:

38
Q

most superior horizontal portion of ethmoid separated 2 nasal cavities from cranial cavity

A

Cribriform plate:

39
Q

short vertical portion of ethmoid bone that projects into cranial cavity

A

Crista galli:

40
Q

long vertical portion of ethmoid bone located inferior/beneath cribiform plate

A

Perpendicular plate:

41
Q

air spaces in ethmoid bone included in study paranasal sinuses

A

Ethmoidal air sinuses:

42
Q

Face: 14 bones

A

Face: 14 bones1. Nasal bones:2. Lacrimal bones: 3. Vomer bone: 4. Palatine bones: a. Maxillary process:5. Zygomatic (malar) bones: a. Temporal processes: 6. Inferior Nasal Conchae:7. Maxillae: (upper jaw) (not pair) a. Maxillary air sinuses (Antrum of Highmore): b. Alveolar process (tooth socket): c. Palatine process:8. Mandible (lower jaw): a. Ramus (rami – sing.): b. Angle: c. Body: i. Alveolar process: ii. Mental protuberance: (chin)

43
Q

2 small rectangle bones of face which help form bridge of nose

A

Nasal bones:

44
Q

2 fingernail shape bones of face which form medial boundaries of obital cavities

A

Lacrimal bones:

45
Q

single/unpair bone of face

A

Vomer bone:

46
Q

2 “L” shape bones of face help to form posterior portion of hard palate (roof of mouth)

A

Palatine bones:

47
Q

horizontal portion of each palatine bone that form posterior portion of hard palate; name cause articulate

A

Maxillary process:

48
Q

(cheek bones) make up lateral boundaries of opital cavities/eye socket

A

Zygomatic (malar) bones:

49
Q

bony projections off each zygomatic bones which goes posterior articulate/touch with zygomatic process off each temporal bone to form zygomatic arch (widest part of face)

A

Temporal processes:

50
Q

most inferior of 3 pair of conchae (scroll like turbinate bones) form 2 of 14 classified bones of the face

A

Inferior Nasal Conchae:

51
Q

(upper jaw) 2 bones that forms upper jaw (not pair)

A

Maxillae:

52
Q

air spaces located in upper jaw

A

Maxillary air sinuses (Antrum of Highmore):

53
Q

spaces in maxillae where upper teeth are housed or embedded

A

Alveolar process (tooth socket):

54
Q

part of maxillae that form anterior/front portion of hard palate

A

Palatine process:

55
Q

unpair/single bone of face; only immovable bone of face; shape like horse shoe

A

Mandible (lower jaw):

56
Q

2 vertical portion that look like a camel located on both sides of mandible

A

Ramus (rami – sing.):

57
Q

point at which each ramus articulate/touch with the body of mandible

A

Angle:

58
Q

horizontal portion of mandible

A

Body:

59
Q

tooth socket in body of mandible which house/embed lower teeth

A

Alveolar process:

60
Q

(chin) bony prominence located on the lower part of the mandible of face

A

Mental protuberance:

61
Q

unpair/single bone; located midway between lower jaw & voicebox only non-articulating bone of body suspended in air

A

Hyoid:

Anatomy 1 (8 decks)

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