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Anatomy 1 > Anatomy 1 Exam 4 > Flashcards

Anatomy 1 Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

membrane that lines all abdominal organs. (Retroperitoneal)

A

Lye deep in abdominal/pelvic cavity; located behind (Retroperitoneal - membrane that lines all abdominal organs.)Kidneys

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2
Q

fat around kidneys

A

Perirenal fat pad/capsule:

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3
Q

outer portion of each kidney seen in cross section

A

Cortex:

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4
Q

inner portion of each kidney seen in cross section

A

Medulla:

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5
Q

minuet tube like structures within the kidney which filter waste products from the blood

A

Tubules:

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6
Q

little tufts of capillaries located within the structural & functional unit of the kidney

A

Glomeruli:

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7
Q

produce urine (excretion / waste) product, color based on concentration intake; control pH & water balance

A

Kidneys

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8
Q

from kidney to urinary bladder

A

Ureters

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9
Q

tapered (funnel) shaped tubes, opening is widest when first leave kidney and narrow away from kidney

A

Ureters

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10
Q

passageway for urine from the kidneys to urinary bladder

A

Ureters

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11
Q

1st part of ureters where urine 1st past after filters by kidneys (look like deer antlers)

A

Calyces (calyx – sing.) cup like extensions of the ureters;

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12
Q

central collection area for urine

A

Pelvis-Renal:

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13
Q

store urine temporarilytransitional cells that can stretch itself to its fullest capacity; does have a breaking point

A

Urinary Bladderpubic region; lowest 3 levels of middle region out of 9

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14
Q

from urinary bladder to outside of body

A

Urethra

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15
Q

used/shared by GUT (Genital Urinary Tract); reproductive & urinary system

A

Male Urethra (function differ):

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16
Q

shorter; only used for urination

A

Female Urethra (structure differ):

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17
Q

passageway for food which begins in the mouth & ends at the anal canal

A

Alimentary canal

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18
Q

those which help in digestion but not part of the alimentary canal

A

Accessory organs

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19
Q

(oral or buccal/facial cheeks/trumpeter muscle) divisions

A

Mouth

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20
Q

space inside mouth cavity between cheeks and gums

A

Vestibule

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21
Q

space inside gums

A

Mouth cavity proper

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22
Q

– accessory organsi. Deciduous (baby or milk teeth) – 20ii. Permanent – 32

A

Teeth

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23
Q

– accessory organ; contain taste buds

A

Tongue

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24
Q

– accessory organs, 3 pairs; exocrine glandsmake saliva with ptyalin (digestive enzymes in saliva that helps break down starches)

A

Salivary glands

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25
Q

– largest Salivary glands; located at angle of mandible; mumps

A

Parotid (Salivary glands)

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26
Q
  • beneath lower jaw; empty saliva at lower teeth
A

Sub mandibular (Salivary glands)

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27
Q

– Salivary glands under/beneath tongue

A

Sublingual (Salivary glands)

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28
Q

– throat; passageway used by both digestive and respiratory

A

Pharynx

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29
Q

trigger or initiate wavelike movement (peristalsis) of food in the digestive systemTell your body to move voice box so food goes down correct pipe

A

Swallowing:

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30
Q

between mouth cavity proper & esophaguspassageway for food from mouth to esophagus

A

Pharynx

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31
Q
  • most superior segment of the throuat located above the roof of the mouth; routinely not used in digestive system
A

Nasopharynx

32
Q

– located directly posterior to mouth cavity; 1st division of throat normally used in digestion system; part can see when say AHHHH!

A

Oropharynx

33
Q

– mass of food that is chrewed and ready for swallowing

A

Bolus

34
Q

– most inferior & last division of the throat name because of opening between it & voice box

A

Laryngophrynx NOTE: only oropharynx and larynx used in digestive system

35
Q

– gulletbetween laryngopharynx and stomach

A

Esophagus

36
Q

muscular tube (smooth/visceral muscle) which is passageway for food from the throat to the stomach; common site of herniation (body parts protrudes itself into/through body part its not found) where esophagus goes through opening of diaphragm

A

Esophagus

37
Q

abdomen (epigastric) upper middle region of 9 region

A

Stomach

38
Q

1st division where food passes

A

Cardia (cardiac portion)

39
Q

upper dome shape of stomach

A

Fundus

40
Q

largest part of stomach

A

Body

41
Q

medial side of stomach

A

Lesser curvature

42
Q

lateral side of stomach

A

Greater curvature

43
Q

last division where food passes; pyloric sphincter (circular shape valve that relaxes to allow food to leave stomach

A

Pyloric

44
Q

innermost layer of stomach; direct contact with food

A

Mucosa:

45
Q

located under the mucosa

A

Submucosa:

46
Q

visceral muscle layer of stomach

A

Muscularis:

47
Q

outermost layer of stomach

A

Serosa:

48
Q

i. Secrete gastric juice – HCI; highly acidicii. Helps breakdown & soften meatiii. Kills M.O.’s (majority of organism – in food that cause you to be sick)iv. Storage pouch for food

A

Stomach

49
Q

named by size of opening (lumen); avg 2 ft;entirely with abdominal cavity, upper middle of 9 section region

A

Small Intestines

50
Q

1st 12in section of small intestines; normally horse shoe shape

A

Duodenum:

51
Q

2/5 length of small intestines

A

Jejunum:

52
Q

last & longest division of small intestines; makes up approx. 12 ft

A

Ileum:

53
Q

secrete intestinal juice; named after German discover

A

Brunner’s glands:

54
Q

masses of lymphoid tissue used to detect/diagnose tuberculosis

A

Peyer’s patches:

55
Q

i. Chief organ of digestionii. Chief organ of absorption (transfer of usable soluble substances into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body)

A

Small IntestinesNOTE: All usable material is removed in the small intestine

56
Q

named size of opening (lumen) is larger than that of the small intestine

A

Large Intestines

57
Q

1st division of large intestines, sac-like pouch

A

Cecum:

58
Q

most of it attached to cecum; snake like; if inflamed emergency surgery considered

A

Vermiform appendix:

59
Q

longest division of large intestine, often compared to incomplete picture frame

A

Colon:

60
Q

2nd longest division of colon

A

Ascending colon:

61
Q

from liver colon goes across stomach

A

Transverse colon:

62
Q

from spleen colon goes down

A

Descending colon:

63
Q

colon goes halfway across

A

Sigmoid colon:

64
Q

last of GI Tract, large intestine, & alimentary canal

A

Anal canal:

65
Q

i. Expel waste products from the digestive systemii. Maintain proper water balance, if not constipation or diarrhea

A

Colon

66
Q

i. Produce bile (bitter tasting highly alkaline substance which helps to emulsify/breakdown fats)ii. Detoxification (removal of toxic/poisonous substances

A

Liver

67
Q

a. Location: abdominal cavity; directly posterior to the liverb. Function: store and thicken bile

A

Gall Bladder

68
Q

path for bile between liver, gall bladder and duodenum (small intestine)

A

Biliary Tract

69
Q

i. Hepatic ducts: ii. Cystic duct: iii. Common bile duct: iv. Hepato-pancreatic duct:

A

Biliary Tract (Order Used)

70
Q

1st passageway for bile; shift from liver

A

Hepatic ducts:

71
Q

to & from gall bladder, bile passageway

A

Cystic duct:

72
Q

1st passageway used after stored & thicken bile has been sent from gall bladder

A

Common bile duct:

73
Q

last part of bilitary tract; also used by pancress to release useful substance; opens directly into duodenum

A

Hepato-pancreatic duct:

74
Q

Located directly posterior to stomach

A

Pancreas

75
Q

i. Endocrine portion: insulinii. Exocrine portion: produces pancreatic juice, which enter duodenum at same point as bile

A

Pancreas (a heterocrine gland)

76
Q

Mouth: V PThroat:OLEStomach:C B PSmall Intestines:D J ILarge Intestine:A T D SRectumAnal canal

A

Alimentary Canal – Digestive System Path1. Mouth Vestibule2. Mouth Cavity Proper3. Oropharynx4. Laryngopharynx5. Esophagus6. Cardia (Cardia Portion)7. Body of Stomach8. Pyloric Sphincter9. Duodenum10. Jejunum11. Ileum12. Cecum13. Ascending colon14. Transverse colon15. Descending colon16. Sigmoid colon17. Rectum18. Anal canal

Anatomy 1 (8 decks)

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