ANATOMY 1 Flashcards
Physiology
How those parts work or how they function.
Anatomy
The branch of science that deals with the structure (morphology) of body parts.
Atoms
Microscopic molecules that make up the human body
Molecules
Atoms joined together form this.
Macromolecules
Molecules can combine to form these
Cells
Macromolecules form ________ in humans and other organisms.
Organelles
Cell are made up of structures called __________. They are composed of macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Tissues
Groups of cells form __________.
Organs
Groups of tissues form ________.
Organ systems
Groups of organs form ___________.
Organisms
Groups of organ systems form __________.
Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure, and homeostasis.
Requirements of organisms:
Water
The most abundant chemical in the body.
Food
Nutrients for growth.
Oxygen
Gas that makes up one- fifth of the air
Heat
Energy that is the product of metabolism
Pressure
An application of force to something; atmospheric ___________, hydrostatic ____________.
Homeostasis
The condition of a stable internal environment
Receptors, a set point, and effectors.
Homeostatic mechanisms have 3 components:
Receptors
Provide specific conditions (stimuli) in the internal environment.
Set Point
Tells what a specific value should be, 98.6 degrees F.
Effectors
Cause responses that alter conditions in the internal environment.
Negative feedback
The mechanism that contains homeostasis. If receptors measure deviations from the norm (set point) then effectors are activated that can return conditions toward normal.
Labor pains and blood clots
What is an example of positive feedback?
Axial portion
The head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular portion
Includes the upper and lower limbs
Cranial cavity
Is the cavity that contains the brain.
Vertebral canal
Contains the spinal cord
Viscera
Organs within the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity are called _______________.
