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Gross Anatomy > Anatomy 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Lateral attachment (insertion) of trapezius

A

lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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1
Q

Medial attachment (origin) of trapezius

A

medial 3rd of superior nuchal line, EOP, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12

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2
Q

Innervation of trapezius

A

spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), C3 & C4 spinal nerve

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3
Q

actions of the trapezius

A

descending (superior)- elevates

ascending (inferior)- depresses middle.

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4
Q

Medial attachment (origin) of latissimus dorsi

A

spinous process of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs

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5
Q

lateral attachment (insertion) of latissimus dorsi

A

floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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6
Q

innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve (C6, 7, 8)

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7
Q

actions of latissimus dorsi

A

extends, adducts, and medially rotates shoulder joint. raises body during climbing

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8
Q

what is the medial attachment of the levator scapulae

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-4 vertebrae

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9
Q

lateral attachment of levator scapulae

A

medial border of scapula superior to root of spine

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10
Q

innervation of levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular nerve C5 and cervical C3 & 4 spinal nerves

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11
Q

action of levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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12
Q

medial attachment of rhomboid major

A

spinous processes of T2-T5

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13
Q

lateral attachment of rhomboid major

A

medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

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14
Q

innervation of rhomboid major

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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15
Q

action of rhomboid major

A

retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity. fixes scapula to thoracic wall

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16
Q

medial attachment of rhomboid minor

A

nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae

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17
Q

lateral attachment of rhomboid minor

A

triangular area at medial end of scapular spine

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18
Q

innervation of rhomboid minor

A

dorsal scapular nerve C4 & C5

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19
Q

actions of rhomboid minor

A

retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity

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20
Q

serrratus posterior superior

A

elevates ribs

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21
Q

serratus posterior inferior

A

depresses ribs ** respiration

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22
Q

origin of the splenius

A

arises from nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebrae

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23
Q

insertion of the splenius capitis

A

fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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24
Q

insertion of splenius cervicis

A

tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4 vertebrae

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25
Q

innervation of splenius

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

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26
Q

actions of splenius

A

alone : laterally fle neck and rotate head to side of active muscles

together: extend head and neck

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27
Q

origin of iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

A

arises from broad tendon, iliac crest

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28
Q

insertion of iliocostalis

A

fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes

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29
Q

insertion of longissimus

A

superiorly to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions to mastoid process of temporal bone

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30
Q

insertions of spinalis

A

fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in upper thoracic region to cranium

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31
Q

innervation of erector spinae

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

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32
Q

actions of erector spinae

A

bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head as back is flexed, control movement by gradually lengethening their fibers
unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

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33
Q

origin of semispinalis

A

arises from transverse processes of C4-T10 vertebrae

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34
Q

insertion of semispinalis

A

superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in upper thoracic and cervical regions spanning 4-6 segments

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35
Q

innervation of semispinalis

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

36
Q

actions of semispinalis

A

extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates contralaterally

37
Q

origin of multifidus

A

arises from posterior sacrum, PSIS, aponeurosis of erector spinae, mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

38
Q

insertion of multifidus

A

THICKEST IN LUMBAR REGION

fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinus processes of vertebrae located 2-4 segments superior to origin

39
Q

innervation of multifidus

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

40
Q

actions of multifidus

A

unilateral contracion rotates to contralateral side stabilizing vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

41
Q

origin of rotatores (brevis and longus)

A

arise from transverse processes of vertebrae best developed in thoracic region

42
Q

insertion of rotatores

A

superior medially to attach to junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous process of vertebra immediately (brevis) or 2 segments (longus) superior to vertebra of origin

43
Q

innervation of rotatores

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

44
Q

actions of rotatores

A

may function as organs of proprioreception; possible stabilize vertebrae and assist w local extension

45
Q

origin of obliquus capitis inferior

A

spinous process of C2

46
Q

insertion of obliquus capitis inferior

A

transverse process of c1 vertebra

47
Q

innervation of obliquus capitis inferior

A

suboccipital nerve

48
Q

origin of obliquus capitis superior

A

transverse process of C1

49
Q

insertion of obliquus capitis superior

A

occiptial bone btw superior and inferior nuchal lines

50
Q

innervation of obliquus capitis superior

A

suboccipital nerve

51
Q

origin of rectus capitis posterior major

A

spinous process of C2

52
Q

insertion of rectus capitis posterior major

A

lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

53
Q

innervation of rectus capitis posterior major

A

suboccipital nerve

54
Q

actions of rectus capitis posterior major

A

extension

55
Q

origin rectus capitis posterior minor

A

posterior tubercle on posterior arch of C1 vertebra

56
Q

rectus capitis minor insertion

A

medial third of inferior nuchal line

57
Q

rectus capitis posterior minor innervation

A

suboccipital nerve

58
Q

origin of SCM

A

lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half superior nuchal line

59
Q

inferior attachment of SCM sternal head

A

anterior surface of manubrium of sternum

60
Q

insertion of clavicular head of SCM

A

superior surface of medial third of clavicle

61
Q

innervation of SCM

A

spinal accessory nerve C2, C3

62
Q

actions of SCM

A

unilateral: laterally flex neck and rotates it so face is superiroly toward opposite side
bilateral: extends neck at atlantooccipital joints. flexes vertebrae so chin is thrust towards manubrium

63
Q

origin of anterior scalene

A

anterior tubercles of transverse processes of c3-6 vertebrae

64
Q

insertion of anterior scalene

A

1st rib

65
Q

innervation of anterior scalene

A

cervical spinal nerves c4-6

66
Q

actions of anterior scalene

A

flexes neck laterally, elevates 1st rib during forced expiratio

67
Q

origin of middle scalene

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes of c4-7 vertebrae

68
Q

insertion of middle scalene

A

superior surface of 1st rib, posterior to groove for subclavian artery

69
Q

innervation for middle scalene

A

anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

70
Q

actions of middle scalene

A

flexes neck laterally elevates 1st rib during forced expiration

71
Q

origin of posterior scalene

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes of c4-6 vertebrae

72
Q

insertion of posterior scalene

A

external border of 2nd rib

73
Q

innervation of posterior scalene

A

anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves c7 & 8

74
Q

action of posterior scalene

A

flexes neck laterally, elevates 2nd rib during forced expiration

75
Q

what is the carotid sheath

A

tubular facial investment from cranial base and root of neck

76
Q

what does the supraclavicular fossa do?

A

separates the 2 heads of SCM

77
Q

what is the floor of posterior cervical triangle

A

prevertebral layer covering deep 4 muscles

levator, posterior & middle scalenes, splenius capitis

78
Q

what is the roof of the posterior cervical triangle

A

investing layer of deep cervical fascia

79
Q

spinal accessory nerve branch

A

CN xi

80
Q

dorsal scapular nerve branch

A

C5

81
Q

greater occiptial nerve branch

A

c2

82
Q

suboccipital nerve branch

A

c1

83
Q

lesser occipital nerve branch

A

c2,c3

84
Q

great auricular nerve branch

A

c2,c3

85
Q

transverse cervical nerve branch

A

c2,c3

86
Q

supraclavicular nerve branch

A

c3,c4

87
Q

phrenic nerve branch

A

c3,4,5

88
Q

What are the borders of the posterior cervical triangle?

A

Posterior border SCM, anterior border of trapezius and clavicle

Gross Anatomy (7 decks)

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