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Anatomy > anatomical terms: Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

anatomical terms: Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Camper’s fascia/hypodermis

A

spans from the xiphoid process to the seventh and 10th costal margins laterally and to the inguinal ligaments inferiorly. It continues inferiorly past the inguinal ligament as the subcutaneous fat of the thigh

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2
Q

Scarpa’s fascia/investing fascia

A

a dense collagenous connective tissue layer of the anterior abdominal wall

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3
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

An important muscle found in both males and females. Hold a important role in males where its contraction along the spermatic cord pulls the testes to help with thermoregulation. cremaster muscle found surrounding the ligament teres in females.

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4
Q

Transversalis fascia

A

a layer in the make-up of the posterior inguinal wall. It is the deepest, thinnest, and least important layer of rectus sheath in terms of the prevention of herniation

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5
Q

extraperitoneal fascia

A

surrounds the entire digestive system and is the natural layer separating adjacent structures from each other

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6
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

provides protection and support for the abdomen and its organs. This peritoneal layer covers the abdominal walls and acts as a lubricating surface, thereby decreasing the friction between the organs

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7
Q

Linea alba

A

linea alba is a band of connective tissue that runs down the front of a person’s abdomen. It helps stabilize and brace the core muscles

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8
Q

Subcostal n.

A

One of the nerves that innervates nerves of the anterolateral abdominal wall

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9
Q

Thoracolumbar fascia

A

a large, roughly diamond-shaped area of connective tissue constituted by the thoracic and lumbar parts of the deep fascia enclosing the intrinsic back muscles. More specifically, the thoracolumbar fascia separates the paraspinal muscles from the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall.

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10
Q

Pyramidalis

A

small triangular muscle in the distal anterior rectus abdominis, not exist in all the people, nor exist in both sides

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11
Q

Intramuscular exchange

A

between 2 same layer oblique

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12
Q

Intermuscular exchange

A

between opposite external and internal oblique

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13
Q

Rectus sheath

A

the durable, resilient, fibrous compartment that contains rectus abdominis and pyramidalis wrapped by aponeurosis of the 3 abdominal muscles:

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14
Q

Arcuate line

A

1/3 distance of umbilicus to pubic symphysis of posterior rectus abdominis

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15
Q

Umbilical cord

A

allows for the transfer of oxygen and nutrients from the maternal circulation into fetal circulation while simultaneously removing waste products from fetal circulation to be eliminated maternally

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16
Q

Allantois

A

stores urinary waste, and helps with the exchange of gases in general, which makes it a crucial structure since it delivers oxygen to the embryo

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17
Q

Median umbilical fold/ligament (what is function of its remnant)

A

a fibrous band located in the anterior portion of the abdomen, anterior to the urinary bladder. It contains the urachus, which is an embryonic remnant resulting from involution of the allantoic duct that connects the fetal urinary bladder to the umbilicus

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18
Q

Medial umbilical fold/ligament

A

fibrous band that supports the urinary bladder and it the embryonic remnant of the umbilical arteries.

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19
Q

Lateral umbilical fold/ligament

A

no embryonic remnant; overlies the fold inferior epigastric artery and its accompanying veins; it originates just medial to the deep inguinal ring to the arcuate line on the posterior surface of the anterior abdominal wall

20
Q

Hesselbach’s triangle

A

Lateral: medial border of the lateral umbilical fold
Inferior: inguinal ligament
Medial: lateral rectus abdominis

21
Q

Portal hypertension

A

increased pressure within the portal venous system.

22
Q

Esophageal varices

A

enlarged veins in the lining of the esophagus

23
Q

Inguinal canal

A

layers of abdominal muscle; a passage in the lower anterior abdominal wall located just above the inguinal ligament

24
Q

Inguinal ring

A

the terminal end of the inguinal canal; located superior to the pubic tubercle

25
Q

Inguinal hernia

A

a bulging of the contents of the abdomen through a weak area in the lower abdominal wall

26
Q

Bowel obstruction

A

can either be a mechanical or functional obstruction of the small or large intestines.

27
Q

Diastasis recti

A

separation of the linea alba caused by weakness of anterior abdominal wall

28
Q

Median arcuate ligament

A

the muscle and fibrous structure that wraps around the aorta at the diaphragmatic opening.

29
Q

Lateral arcuate ligament

A

a ligament under the diaphragm that arches across the upper part of the quadratus lumborum muscle.

30
Q

Transpyloric plane

A

an imaginary horizontal line through the L1 vertebra; 1st part of duodenum, 8th intercostal space, superior mesenteric artery

31
Q

Subcostal plane

A

a horizontal (or transverse) plane which lies just below the level of the costal margin

32
Q

Supracristal/transumbilical plane

A

found at L4; where the umbilicus, abdominal aorta will be and the aorta divides in R/L common iliac arteries

33
Q

Intertubercular plane

A

Found at L5: where the IVC is formed by R/L common iliac veins

34
Q

McBurney’s point

A

the point on the lower right quadrant of the abdomen at which tenderness is maximal in cases where acute appendicitis occurs

35
Q

Appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix; occurs when the appendix is blocked

36
Q

Common iliac artery/vein

A

branches from the abdominal aorta for the common iliac artery before splitting into the left and right common iliac a.

37
Q

Median sagittal plane

A

located at the middle of the jugular notch/xiphoid process and pubic symphysis

38
Q

Mid-clavicular plane

A

mid-clavicle and mid-inguinal ligament (sagittal plane)

39
Q

Hypochondriac region

A

located on the lateral sides of the abdominal wall respectively, inferior to (below) the thoracic cage, being separated by the epigastrium

40
Q

Lumbar/flank region

A

Located on the lateral sides of abdomen; inferior to the hypochondriac region and superior to the pubic region; between lower ribs and hips

41
Q

Inguinal/groin region

A

Lateral side of abdomen and inferior to the lumbar/flank region; from the ASIS to the ischium

42
Q

Epigastric region

A

the upper central region of the abdomen

43
Q

Umbilic region

A

the centermost region deep to and surrounding the umbilicus (navel).

44
Q

Hypogastric/pubic region

A

a region of the abdomen located below the umbilical region

45
Q

Superior/inferior epigastric vessel

A

Anatomy (25 decks)

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