Abdominal Contents Flashcards
Abodominal cavity
the boundaries consist of the abdominal wall, diaphragm, and pelvic inlet
Peritoneal cavity
space between parietal and visceral peritoneum
Retroperitoneal cavity
The area in the back of the abdomen behind the peritoneum
Greater omentum
visceral peritoneum folding from stomach greater curvature
Lesser omentum
visceral peritoneum folding from stomach lesser curvature to liver
Omental foramen
the only natural communication between the greater peritoneal cavity and the lesser sac.
Hepatoduodenal ligament
a thick anatomical structure wrapped in the peritoneum that constitutes part of the lesser omentum
Foregut
consist of the abdominal esophagus, stomach, 1/2 duodenum, liver, pancreas, spleen
Celiac trunk
a short vessel arising from the aorta just as it enters the abdomen at approximately the level of the T12 vertebra
Left gastric artery
branches from the celiac trunk before it splits into the hepatic artery and splenic artery, and supplies the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lesser curvature of the stomach.
Splenic artery
branches from the celiac trunk and supplies blood to the spleen
Common Hepatic artery
branches from the hepatic artery and supplies blood to the liver duodenum and pancreas
Hepatic artery proper
a continuation of the common hepatic artery, a branch of the celiac trunk; breaks into the R gastric artery to supply to the stomach, and the R and L hepatic artery supply to the R and L loves of the liver
Midgut
the distal half of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, and the proximal half of the transverse colon
Superior mesenteric artery
branches from the abdominal aorta around the L1 vertebrae which distributes into middle colic artery, right colic artery, jejunal arteries, ileal arteries, ileocolic artery, and marginal artery
Pancreaticoduodenal artery
arises after branching off from gastroduodenal artery. It divides into anterior and posterior divisions which supply the pylorus, head of pancreas and duodenum
Hindgut
gives rise to the distal third of the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, the rectum, and the upper portion of the anal cana
Inferior mesenteric artery
Supplies blood to the hindgut and branches to the left colic artery, sigmoid arteries, marginal artery, superior rectal artery
Pancreas
a large gland behind the stomach on the right side of the body, and its job is to aid in digestion
Spleen
located at the left side of the rib cage on top of the stomach; its job is that it stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection
Ileum
the third portion of the small intestine, between the jejunum and the cecum
jejunum
the third portion of the small intestine
Appendix
a small, finger-shaped organ that comes out of the first part of the large intestine; not very important but has a role in miccrobiota
Cecum
a pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine; its job is to remove water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food
Ascending colon
first part of the colon, runs from right iliac fossa to right lobe of the liver and goes to bend called the hepatic flexure; function islike the rest of the collon is to remove water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially food
Transverse colon
the longest and most mobile part of the large intestine; between the right and left colic flexures; and same function as rest of colon
Descending colon
connects the transverse colon to the sigmoid colon; and its function is to store stool
Sigmoid colon
the final part of the large intestine that connects the descending colon to the rectum; and its function is to store fecal wastes until they are ready to leave the body
Rectum
last part of large intestine between the anus and the large intestine; does not absorb nutrients but absorbs the remaining water until holds tight until time for release.
Anus
where food waste completes its journey through your digestive tract and makes its exit; has nerves and muscles surrounding anus that coordinate to tell you when you need to poop
Kidney
two bean-shaped organs that are located to the back of the abdomen; and their job is to filter the blood, and remove waste and balance body’s fluids
Adrenal gland
two small glands located superiorly ; and their job is to regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune response, stress response, and sexual hormones
Gastroesophageal sphincter or Lower esophageal sphincter
a junction between the stomach and esophagus; a muscular sphincters that acts as a valve that keeps food and stomach acid in the stomach
Squamocolumnar junction
the junction of the squamous epithelia and columnar epithelia
Cardiac notch
lateral deflection on the left lung at the anterior border
Fundus
part of a hollow organ that is across from, or farthest away from the organ’s opening
Pyloric sphincter
muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the top of the small intestine
Lesser curvature
located on the right border of the stomach
Greater curvature
located on the left border of the stomach
Intrinsic factor
a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells located at the gastric body and fundus; and its role is to transport and absorb B12 by terminal ileum
Ligament of Treitz
a ligament that supports and anchors the duodenum; it is connected to the right crus of the diaphragm from the third and the fourth parts of the duodenum
Caudate lobe
a tail-like lobe posteriorly on the left side of the left side; it provides an anastomosis between the hepatic veins and vena cava
Quadrate lobe
located on the left liver lobe between the gallbladder and the fissure for the ligamentum teres hepatis
Falciform ligament
Coronary/L triangular ligament
Cystic duct
Common bile duct
Cholecystectomy
Colic artery
Marginal artery
Mesentery proper
Transverse mesocolon
Sigmoid mesocolon
Mesoappendix
Duodenojejunal flexure
Ilecocecal junction
Tenia coli
Omental/epiploic appendages
Hepatic flexure
Splenic flexure
Symbiosis
Hilum
Renal cortex
Medulla
Calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Gonadal
Inferior vena cava
Pelvic splanchnic nerve
