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EREPS Level 3 Fitness Instructor > Anatomical Parts > Flashcards

Anatomical Parts Flashcards

1
Q

Name: Big Chest Muscle

A

M. Pectoralis Major

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2
Q

Name: Small Chest Muscle

A

M. Pectoralis Minor

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3
Q

Name: Arm flexion muscle

A

M. Biceps brachii (long head/short head)

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4
Q

Name: Arm flexion helping muscle

A

M. Brachialis

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5
Q

Name: Arm (lower) flexion helping muscle

A

M. Brachioradialis

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6
Q

Name: Shoulder muscle

A

M. Deltoideus

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7
Q

Name: Neck muscle

A

M. Trapezius

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8
Q

Name: Rib/Protraction Muscle

A

M. Serratus anterior

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9
Q

Name: Big back muscle

A

M. Latissimus dorsi

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10
Q

Name: Retraction/small back muscle

A

M. Rhomboideus

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11
Q

Name: Arm extensor muscle

A

M. Triceps brachii (lateral/medial/long head)

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12
Q

Name: Leg extensor muscle

A

M. Quadriceps femoris

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13
Q

Name: Components of leg extensor muscle

A

M. Rectus femoris, M. vastus medialis/lateralis/intermedius)

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14
Q

Name: Leg flexion muscles

A

M. Biceps femoris (long/short), M. Semimembranosus, M. Semitendinosus

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15
Q

Name: Butt muscle

A

M. Gluteus Maximus

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16
Q

Name: Hip flexors

A

M. Iliopsoas Major/Minor

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17
Q

Name: Outermost core muscle

A

M. Rectus abdominis

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18
Q

Name: Second outermost core muscle

A

M. Obliquus externus abdominis

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19
Q

Name: Sidemost/third core muscle

A

M. Obliquus internus abdominis

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20
Q

Name: Inner most core muscle

A

M. Abdominis transversus

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21
Q

Name: Lower back core support muscle

A

M. Quadratus Lumborum

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22
Q

Origin: Pectoralis Major

A
  1. Inside of Clavicula
  2. Front of sternum
  3. Tendon sheets of abdominals
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23
Q

Origin: Pectoralis Minor

A

Underside of Ribs

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24
Q

Origin: Biceps brachii

A

Point of Shoulder

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25
Q

Origin: Brachialis

A

Lower os humerus

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26
Q

Origin: Brachioradialis

A

Lower os humerus

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27
Q

Origin: Deltoideus

A
  1. Pars anterior/clavicularis
  2. Pars media
  3. Pars posterior/spinalis
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28
Q

Origin: M Trapezius

A
  1. Top of cervical vertebrae / bottom of skull
  2. Middle - neck/thoracic vertebrae
  3. Lower - lower thoracic vertebrae
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29
Q

Origin: Serratus Anterior

A

Front of upper ribs

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30
Q

Origin: Latissimus Dorsi

A
  1. thoracic vertebrae
  2. tendon plate in lumbar vertebrae
  3. upper part of pelvis
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31
Q

Origin: Rhomboideus

A

Neck / Thoracic Vertebrae

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32
Q

Origin: Triceps brachii

A
  1. Lateral head - posterior os humerus
  2. Medial head - posterior os humerus
  3. Long - point of shoulder
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33
Q

Origin: Semitendinosus / Semimembranosus

A

Ischium

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34
Q

Origin: Biceps femoris

A
  1. Long - Ischium

2. Short - posterior os femur

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35
Q

Origin: Gluteus Maximus

A

Sacrum

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36
Q

Origin: Iliopsoas

A

Lumbar vertebrae

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37
Q

Origin: Quadriceps femoris / Rectus femoris

A

Pelivs

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38
Q

Origin: Quadriceps femoris / Vastus medialis/lateralis/intermedius

A

Upper os femur

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39
Q

Origin: Rectus abdominis

A

5th-7th rib

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40
Q

Origin: Obliquus externus abdominis

A

5th-12th rib

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41
Q

Origin: Obliquus internus abdominis

A

Inside pelvis rim

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42
Q

Origin: Abdominis transversus

A

6th-12th rib

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43
Q

Origin: Quadratus lumborum

A

Upper waist edge

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44
Q

Insertion: Pectoralis Major

A

Os humerus

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45
Q

Insertion: Pectoralis Minor

A

Shoulder blade

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46
Q

Insertion: Biceps brachii

A

Os ulna and Os radius

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47
Q

Insertion: Brachialis

A

Os ulna

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48
Q

Insertion: Brachioradialis

A

Os radius

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49
Q

Insertion: Deltoideus

A

Os humerus

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50
Q

Insertion: Trapezius

A
  1. Upper - Os scapula (shoulder blade)
  2. Middle - scapula tip
  3. Lower - Scapula crest
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51
Q

Insertion: Serratus anterior

A

Bottom of shoulder blade

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52
Q

Insertion: Latissimus dorsi

A

Frontside of upper arm

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53
Q

Insertion: Rhomboideus

A

Inner edge of shoulder blade

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54
Q

Insertion: Triceps brachii

A

Os ulna

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55
Q

Insertion: Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus

A

Inside of Os tibia

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56
Q

Insertion: Biceps femoris

A

Outside of Os fibula

57
Q

Insertion: Gluteus maximus

A

Outside of Os femur

58
Q

Insertion: Iliopsoas

A

Major - Upper Os femur

Minor - Os Pubis (Pelvis)

59
Q

Insertion: Quadriceps femoris

A

Upper Os tibia

60
Q

Insertion: Rectus abdominis

A

Pubic bone

61
Q

Insertion: Obliquus externus abdominis

A

Inner abs and pubic bone

62
Q

Insertion: Obliquus internus abdominis

A

Os costa

63
Q

Insertion: Abdominis transversus

A

Linea alba (centre line)

64
Q

Insertion: Quadratus Lumborum

A

Lower ribs and lumbar vertebrae

65
Q

Function: Pectoralis Major

A
  1. Horizontal abduction
  2. Adduction
  3. Exorotation
66
Q

Function: Pectoralis Minor

A
  1. Depression

2. Protraction

67
Q

Function: Biceps brachii

A
  1. Flexion
  2. Supination
  3. Anteflexion
68
Q

Function: Brachialis

A
  1. Flexion (synergist to Biceps brachii)
69
Q

Function: Brachioradialis

A
  1. 2nd part of Flexion
70
Q

Function: Trapezius

A 
Upper - 1. Retraction
2. Elavation
Middle - Retraction 
Lower - Retraction 
3. Depression
71
Q

Function: Serratus anterior

A
  1. Protraction
72
Q

Function: Latissimus dorsi

A
  1. Adduction
  2. Retroflexion
  3. Endorotation
73
Q

Function: Rhomboideus

A
  1. Retraction
74
Q

Function: Triceps brachii

A 
Lateral and medial
1. extension
2. pronation
Long head
extension
3. retroflexion
75
Q

Function: Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus

A
  1. Retroflexion
  2. Flexion
  3. Endorotation (with a bent knee)
76
Q

Function: Biceps femoris

A 
Long head
1. Retroflexion
2. Flexion
3. Exorotation (with a bent knee)
Short head
Flexion
Exorotation (with a bent knee)
77
Q

Function: Gluteus Maximus

A
  1. Retroflexion
  2. Abduction
  3. Exorotation
78
Q

Function: Ilipsoas

A
  1. Anteflexion

2. Ventral flexion

79
Q

Function: Quadriceps femoris (Rectus femoris)

A
  1. Anteflexion

2. extension

80
Q

Function: Quadriceps femoris (Vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedialis)

A
  1. Extension
81
Q

Function Rectus abdominis

A
  1. Ventral flexion
  2. Tilt back pelvis
  3. Stabilize pelvis
82
Q

Function: Oliquus externus abdominis

A
  1. Ventral flexion
  2. Rotation (one sided contraction)
  3. Stabilize pelvis
83
Q

Function: Obliquus internus abdominis

A
  1. Ventral flexion
  2. Rotation (one sided contraction)
  3. Stabilize pelvis
84
Q

Function: Abdominis transversus

A 
Both sides
1. Organ protection 
2. Abdominal breathing
3. Stabilize pelvis
One side
4. Lateral flexion
85
Q

Function: Quadratus lumborum

A
  1. lateral flexion
86
Q

Bone Name: Chest/Neck to shoulder

A

Os clavicula

87
Q

Bone Name: Shoulder

A

Os scapula

88
Q

Bone Name: Middle of the chest

A

Os sternum

89
Q

Bone Name: Upper arm

A

Os humerus

90
Q

Bone Name: Ribs

A

Os costa

91
Q

Bone Name: Spine

A

Columna vertebralis

92
Q

Bone Name: Outer lower arm

A

Os ulna

93
Q

Bone Name: Inner lower arm

A

Os radius

94
Q

Bone Name: Pelvis

A

Os pubis

95
Q

Bone Name: Thigh

A

Os femur

96
Q

Bone Name: Kneecap

A

Os patella

97
Q

Bone Name: Shin / Inner lower leg / bigger one

A

Os tibia

98
Q

Bone Name: Calf / outer lower leg / smaller one

A

Os fibula

99
Q

Vertebrae Name: Top / Neck

A

Cervicales

100
Q

Vertebrae Name: Chest to lower back

A

Thoracicae

101
Q

Vertebrae Name: Lower back

A

Lumbales / Lumbar

102
Q

Vertebrae Name: Lowest Back

A

Os sacrum / Sacral

103
Q

Vertebrae Name: Tailbone

A

Coccygeal / Os coccigys

104
Q

Name and Vertebrae: Concave In Spine

A

Lordosis - cervical and lumbar vertebrae

105
Q

Name and Vertebrae: Bulge in Spine

A

Kyphosis - Thoracic and sacral/coccygeal vertebrae

106
Q

Axes, Function, Example: Hinge Joint

A

1 axes
Flexion - extension
Knee/elbow

107
Q

Axes, Function, Example: Saddle Joint

A

2 axes
Adduction - abduction
Flexion - extension
Thumb (ONLY)

108
Q

Axes, Function, Example: Ball and Socket Joint.

A

3 axes

Hip/Shoulder

109
Q

Axes, Function, Example: Pivot/Rolling Joint

A

Rotational axes

Ulna to Radius

110
Q

Axes, Function, Example: Condyloid/Ellipsoid Joint

A

2 axes
Adduction - abduction
Flexion - extension
Radius to carpal

111
Q

Axes, Function, Example: Plane/Glide Joint

A

1 axes
Gliding only / Flat surfaces
Intercarpals in Hand

112
Q

Plane and Axes: Moving Forward and Back

A

Sagittal Plane and Frontal Axis

- Flexion and extension

113
Q

Plane and Axes: Moving Side to Side

A

Frontal Plane and Sagittal Axis

- Abduction and adduction

114
Q

Plane and Axes: Moving Rotationally

A

Transverse Plane and Longitudinal Axis

115
Q

Movement Example: Sagittal Plane / Frontal Axis

A

Flexion and extension

Bicep Curl, Ball kick, Running

116
Q

Movement Example: Frontal Plane / Sagittal Axis

A

Adduction Abduction

Lateral raise, side lunge or stepping

117
Q

Movement Example: Transverse Plane / Longitudinal Axis

A

Exorotation Endorotation

Woodchopper, russian twist, Swinging a bat

118
Q

No Movement Joints

A

Fibrous / Syntharoses (eg Skull parts)

119
Q

Slight Movement Joints

A

Cartilaginous / Amphiarthroses (eg ribs)

120
Q

Free Movement Joints

A

Diarthroses

121
Q

Fluid Supported Joints

A

Synovial (Knee, elbow)

122
Q

Purpose of Skeleton

A
  1. Gives shape
  2. Gives support
  3. Attachment for muscles, ligaments, tendons
  4. Ability to move
  5. Organ Protection
123
Q

Purpose of Columna Vertebralis (Spine)

A
  1. Stability/Flexibility of upper body
  2. Protects spinal cord (nerves)
  3. Provides muscular attachments
  4. Anchors the ribs
  5. Shock absorber (nerves)
  6. Concavities (lordosis) gives space for organs
124
Q

Purpose of Strong Core / Abdominals

A
  1. Protect spine
  2. Foundation for all movement (fixator/synergist)
  3. Strong posture = relief for back muscles
  4. Increase performance and global muscle strength
125
Q

Muscle Producing Movement

A

Agonist

126
Q

Muscle Relaxes during movement

A

Antagonist

127
Q

Muscle Stabilises and controls movement

A

Synergist

128
Q

Muscle tenses for global support

A

Fixator

129
Q

Name: Calf Muscle

A

Gastrocnemius and Soleus

130
Q

Origin: Gastrocnemius and Soleus

A
  1. Posterior femur and patella

2. Posterior tibula and posterior fibula

131
Q

Insertion: Gastrocnemius and Soleus

A

Achilles tendon

132
Q

Function: Gastrocnemius and Soleus

A

Plantair flexion

133
Q

Bones in cervical vertebrae

A

Top of spine - 7

134
Q

Bones in thoracic vertebrae

A

Chest - 12

135
Q

Bones in lumbar vertebrae

A

Lower back - 5

136
Q

Bones in sacral vetebrae

A

5 fused

137
Q

Bones in coccyx

A

4 fused

138
Q

Function: Deltoideus

A
  1. Pars anterior - anteflexion , endorotation, abduction, hor. adduction
  2. Pars media - abduction
  3. Pars posterior - retroflexion, exorotation, hor abduction

EREPS Level 3 Fitness Instructor (8 decks)

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