Anatomical Parts Flashcards
Name: Big Chest Muscle
M. Pectoralis Major
Name: Small Chest Muscle
M. Pectoralis Minor
Name: Arm flexion muscle
M. Biceps brachii (long head/short head)
Name: Arm flexion helping muscle
M. Brachialis
Name: Arm (lower) flexion helping muscle
M. Brachioradialis
Name: Shoulder muscle
M. Deltoideus
Name: Neck muscle
M. Trapezius
Name: Rib/Protraction Muscle
M. Serratus anterior
Name: Big back muscle
M. Latissimus dorsi
Name: Retraction/small back muscle
M. Rhomboideus
Name: Arm extensor muscle
M. Triceps brachii (lateral/medial/long head)
Name: Leg extensor muscle
M. Quadriceps femoris
Name: Components of leg extensor muscle
M. Rectus femoris, M. vastus medialis/lateralis/intermedius)
Name: Leg flexion muscles
M. Biceps femoris (long/short), M. Semimembranosus, M. Semitendinosus
Name: Butt muscle
M. Gluteus Maximus
Name: Hip flexors
M. Iliopsoas Major/Minor
Name: Outermost core muscle
M. Rectus abdominis
Name: Second outermost core muscle
M. Obliquus externus abdominis
Name: Sidemost/third core muscle
M. Obliquus internus abdominis
Name: Inner most core muscle
M. Abdominis transversus
Name: Lower back core support muscle
M. Quadratus Lumborum
Origin: Pectoralis Major
- Inside of Clavicula
- Front of sternum
- Tendon sheets of abdominals
Origin: Pectoralis Minor
Underside of Ribs
Origin: Biceps brachii
Point of Shoulder
Origin: Brachialis
Lower os humerus
Origin: Brachioradialis
Lower os humerus
Origin: Deltoideus
- Pars anterior/clavicularis
- Pars media
- Pars posterior/spinalis
Origin: M Trapezius
- Top of cervical vertebrae / bottom of skull
- Middle - neck/thoracic vertebrae
- Lower - lower thoracic vertebrae
Origin: Serratus Anterior
Front of upper ribs
Origin: Latissimus Dorsi
- thoracic vertebrae
- tendon plate in lumbar vertebrae
- upper part of pelvis
Origin: Rhomboideus
Neck / Thoracic Vertebrae
Origin: Triceps brachii
- Lateral head - posterior os humerus
- Medial head - posterior os humerus
- Long - point of shoulder
Origin: Semitendinosus / Semimembranosus
Ischium
Origin: Biceps femoris
- Long - Ischium
2. Short - posterior os femur
Origin: Gluteus Maximus
Sacrum
Origin: Iliopsoas
Lumbar vertebrae
Origin: Quadriceps femoris / Rectus femoris
Pelivs
Origin: Quadriceps femoris / Vastus medialis/lateralis/intermedius
Upper os femur
Origin: Rectus abdominis
5th-7th rib
Origin: Obliquus externus abdominis
5th-12th rib
Origin: Obliquus internus abdominis
Inside pelvis rim
Origin: Abdominis transversus
6th-12th rib
Origin: Quadratus lumborum
Upper waist edge
Insertion: Pectoralis Major
Os humerus
Insertion: Pectoralis Minor
Shoulder blade
Insertion: Biceps brachii
Os ulna and Os radius
Insertion: Brachialis
Os ulna
Insertion: Brachioradialis
Os radius
Insertion: Deltoideus
Os humerus
Insertion: Trapezius
- Upper - Os scapula (shoulder blade)
- Middle - scapula tip
- Lower - Scapula crest
Insertion: Serratus anterior
Bottom of shoulder blade
Insertion: Latissimus dorsi
Frontside of upper arm
Insertion: Rhomboideus
Inner edge of shoulder blade
Insertion: Triceps brachii
Os ulna
Insertion: Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus
Inside of Os tibia
Insertion: Biceps femoris
Outside of Os fibula
Insertion: Gluteus maximus
Outside of Os femur
Insertion: Iliopsoas
Major - Upper Os femur
Minor - Os Pubis (Pelvis)
Insertion: Quadriceps femoris
Upper Os tibia
Insertion: Rectus abdominis
Pubic bone
Insertion: Obliquus externus abdominis
Inner abs and pubic bone
Insertion: Obliquus internus abdominis
Os costa
Insertion: Abdominis transversus
Linea alba (centre line)
Insertion: Quadratus Lumborum
Lower ribs and lumbar vertebrae
Function: Pectoralis Major
- Horizontal abduction
- Adduction
- Exorotation
Function: Pectoralis Minor
- Depression
2. Protraction
Function: Biceps brachii
- Flexion
- Supination
- Anteflexion
Function: Brachialis
- Flexion (synergist to Biceps brachii)
Function: Brachioradialis
- 2nd part of Flexion
Function: Trapezius
Upper - 1. Retraction 2. Elavation Middle - Retraction Lower - Retraction 3. Depression
Function: Serratus anterior
- Protraction
Function: Latissimus dorsi
- Adduction
- Retroflexion
- Endorotation
Function: Rhomboideus
- Retraction
Function: Triceps brachii
Lateral and medial 1. extension 2. pronation Long head extension 3. retroflexion
Function: Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus
- Retroflexion
- Flexion
- Endorotation (with a bent knee)
Function: Biceps femoris
Long head 1. Retroflexion 2. Flexion 3. Exorotation (with a bent knee) Short head Flexion Exorotation (with a bent knee)
Function: Gluteus Maximus
- Retroflexion
- Abduction
- Exorotation
Function: Ilipsoas
- Anteflexion
2. Ventral flexion
Function: Quadriceps femoris (Rectus femoris)
- Anteflexion
2. extension
Function: Quadriceps femoris (Vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedialis)
- Extension
Function Rectus abdominis
- Ventral flexion
- Tilt back pelvis
- Stabilize pelvis
Function: Oliquus externus abdominis
- Ventral flexion
- Rotation (one sided contraction)
- Stabilize pelvis
Function: Obliquus internus abdominis
- Ventral flexion
- Rotation (one sided contraction)
- Stabilize pelvis
Function: Abdominis transversus
Both sides 1. Organ protection 2. Abdominal breathing 3. Stabilize pelvis One side 4. Lateral flexion
Function: Quadratus lumborum
- lateral flexion
Bone Name: Chest/Neck to shoulder
Os clavicula
Bone Name: Shoulder
Os scapula
Bone Name: Middle of the chest
Os sternum
Bone Name: Upper arm
Os humerus
Bone Name: Ribs
Os costa
Bone Name: Spine
Columna vertebralis
Bone Name: Outer lower arm
Os ulna
Bone Name: Inner lower arm
Os radius
Bone Name: Pelvis
Os pubis
Bone Name: Thigh
Os femur
Bone Name: Kneecap
Os patella
Bone Name: Shin / Inner lower leg / bigger one
Os tibia
Bone Name: Calf / outer lower leg / smaller one
Os fibula
Vertebrae Name: Top / Neck
Cervicales
Vertebrae Name: Chest to lower back
Thoracicae
Vertebrae Name: Lower back
Lumbales / Lumbar
Vertebrae Name: Lowest Back
Os sacrum / Sacral
Vertebrae Name: Tailbone
Coccygeal / Os coccigys
Name and Vertebrae: Concave In Spine
Lordosis - cervical and lumbar vertebrae
Name and Vertebrae: Bulge in Spine
Kyphosis - Thoracic and sacral/coccygeal vertebrae
Axes, Function, Example: Hinge Joint
1 axes
Flexion - extension
Knee/elbow
Axes, Function, Example: Saddle Joint
2 axes
Adduction - abduction
Flexion - extension
Thumb (ONLY)
Axes, Function, Example: Ball and Socket Joint.
3 axes
Hip/Shoulder
Axes, Function, Example: Pivot/Rolling Joint
Rotational axes
Ulna to Radius
Axes, Function, Example: Condyloid/Ellipsoid Joint
2 axes
Adduction - abduction
Flexion - extension
Radius to carpal
Axes, Function, Example: Plane/Glide Joint
1 axes
Gliding only / Flat surfaces
Intercarpals in Hand
Plane and Axes: Moving Forward and Back
Sagittal Plane and Frontal Axis
- Flexion and extension
Plane and Axes: Moving Side to Side
Frontal Plane and Sagittal Axis
- Abduction and adduction
Plane and Axes: Moving Rotationally
Transverse Plane and Longitudinal Axis
Movement Example: Sagittal Plane / Frontal Axis
Flexion and extension
Bicep Curl, Ball kick, Running
Movement Example: Frontal Plane / Sagittal Axis
Adduction Abduction
Lateral raise, side lunge or stepping
Movement Example: Transverse Plane / Longitudinal Axis
Exorotation Endorotation
Woodchopper, russian twist, Swinging a bat
No Movement Joints
Fibrous / Syntharoses (eg Skull parts)
Slight Movement Joints
Cartilaginous / Amphiarthroses (eg ribs)
Free Movement Joints
Diarthroses
Fluid Supported Joints
Synovial (Knee, elbow)
Purpose of Skeleton
- Gives shape
- Gives support
- Attachment for muscles, ligaments, tendons
- Ability to move
- Organ Protection
Purpose of Columna Vertebralis (Spine)
- Stability/Flexibility of upper body
- Protects spinal cord (nerves)
- Provides muscular attachments
- Anchors the ribs
- Shock absorber (nerves)
- Concavities (lordosis) gives space for organs
Purpose of Strong Core / Abdominals
- Protect spine
- Foundation for all movement (fixator/synergist)
- Strong posture = relief for back muscles
- Increase performance and global muscle strength
Muscle Producing Movement
Agonist
Muscle Relaxes during movement
Antagonist
Muscle Stabilises and controls movement
Synergist
Muscle tenses for global support
Fixator
Name: Calf Muscle
Gastrocnemius and Soleus
Origin: Gastrocnemius and Soleus
- Posterior femur and patella
2. Posterior tibula and posterior fibula
Insertion: Gastrocnemius and Soleus
Achilles tendon
Function: Gastrocnemius and Soleus
Plantair flexion
Bones in cervical vertebrae
Top of spine - 7
Bones in thoracic vertebrae
Chest - 12
Bones in lumbar vertebrae
Lower back - 5
Bones in sacral vetebrae
5 fused
Bones in coccyx
4 fused
Function: Deltoideus
- Pars anterior - anteflexion , endorotation, abduction, hor. adduction
- Pars media - abduction
- Pars posterior - retroflexion, exorotation, hor abduction